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Today's Lesson From 1984

by George Orwell


War, it will be seen, not only accomplishes the necessary destruction,
but accomplishes it in a psychologically acceptable way. In principle it
would be quite simple to waste the surplus labor of the world by
building temples and pyramids, by digging holes and filling them up
again, or even by producing vast quantities of goods and then setting
fire to them. But this would provide only the economic and not the
emotional basis for a hierarchical society. What is concerned here is
not the morale of the masses, whose attitude is unimportant so long as
they are kept steadily at work, but the morale of the Party itself. Even
the humblest Party member is expected to be competent, industrious, and
even intelligent within narrow limits, but it is also necessary that he
 should be a credulous and ignorant fanatic whose prevailing moods are
fear, hatred, adulation, and orgiastic triumph. In other words it is
necessary that he should have the mentality appropriate to a state of
war. It does not matter whether the war is actually happening, and,
since no decisive victory is possible, it does not matter whether the
war is going well or badly. All that is needed is that a state of war
should exist. The splitting of the intelligence which the Party requires
of its members, and which is more easily achieved in an atmosphere of
war, is now almost universal, but the higher up the ranks one goes, the
more marked it becomes. It is precisely in the Inner Party that war
hysteria and hatred of the enemy are strongest. In his capacity as an
administrator, it is often necessary for a member of the Inner Party to
know that this or that item of war news is untruthful, and he may often
be aware than the entire war is spurious and is either not happening or
is being waged for purposes quite other than the declared ones; but such
knowledge is easily neutralized by the techniques of doublethink.
Meanwhile no Inner Party member wavers for an instant in his mystical
belief that the war is real, and that it is bound to end victoriously,
with Oceania the undisputed master of the entire world.
=====

Internet Stocks

Yahoo's Creative Accounting

Why do earnings-per-share go from 1 cent to 11 cents while losses rise?

What really got us mumbling on this was Yahoo's release of its quarterly
earnings last week, which, the company's bullish claque proclaimed, had
beat the estimates. After perusing the release and mulling the
plasticity of the pro-forma contrivance, we were equally puzzled by (a)
how anyone could make an earnings estimate in the first place; and (b)
how any financial officer of the most modest competence could fail to
beat it.
Pro forma, Yahoo reported second-quarter earnings of 11 cents a share,
compared with a penny a share in the year-earlier period. However, when
you add in the merger costs and amortization of goodwill of this very
busy acquirer, earnings disappear, replaced by a loss of seven cents a
share, down from eight cents a share.

Actually, the red ink flowed more abundantly than those figures suggest.
For while it suffered a net loss of $15 million versus $14 million, the
company in its June quarter this year benefited from a $3 million tax
credit; by contrast, its 1998 June quarter was burdened by a tax charge
of roughly that amount. Put another way, before taxes, Yahoo lost $18
million this year versus $11 million last year.

Which neatly illustrates why Yahoo and its fans -- and so many of its
Internet kith and kin -- cherish pro forma. For in earnings, like
virtually everything else about these companies, illusion, not the real
thing, is what counts.

Barron's, July 12, 1999


Financial Scams

Frankel Planned to Expand Empire

Even More Life Insurance Companies to Loot

Fugitive financier Martin R. Frankel's plans to expand his financial
empire were at full throttle until just before he disappeared.
In the months before he fled his Greenwich, Conn., mansion in May, Mr.
Frankel created a new investment fund as an additional vehicle for his
ambitions to buy large insurance companies.

The fund, which ultimately was named American Life Acquisitions, was in
the process of trying to line up wealthy European investment partners,
including a Luxembourg bank, to contribute to the fund, according to
John Yednock and Larry Brotzge, two insurance consultants recruited to
help plan the expansion.

At the same time, others who worked for Mr. Frankel were creating an
annuity product he hoped to get approval from regulators to sell to
investors in about eight states this summer. He had plans to market
annuities through companies he hoped to acquire, according to people
hired to help him, and was counting on attracting as much as $60 million
a year in customer premiums from the annuity sales.

These initiatives, previously unreported, were part of a broader
strategy conceived by Mr. Frankel, many of which were never carried to
fruition because his initial insurance dealings raised questions and
began unraveling before the expansion plans were carried out.


May Disappearance

Sometime around May 5, Mr. Frankel disappeared from his Connecticut
mansion. Regulators say at least $215 million is missing that Mr.
Frankel was supposed to be investing for seven small insurers, most of
which are now insolvent.
As previously reported in The Wall Street Journal and elsewhere, Mr.
Frankel also set up the charitable St. Francis of Assisi Foundation in
1998 -- a foundation that indicated it had ties to the Vatican -- and
approached through intermediaries at least 10 insurance companies about
acquiring them or buying blocks of assets. Also as reported, to add an
additional aura of credibility to his acquisition efforts, Mr. Frankel
had hired in April two respected executives from units of insurance
giant Swiss Reinsurance Co. and General Electric Co.

Simultaneously pursuing three avenues for making acquisitions indicates
a far more ambitious strategy than the one Mr. Frankel used when he
started acquiring small Southern insurance companies through only the
Thunor Trust in 1991. His initial mergers-and-acquisitions team
consisted of several Tennessee businessmen, led by former bank
administrator John A. Hackney, with little or no experience in dealing
with big insurance operations.

By 1998, Mr. Frankel was apparently frustrated partly because his
Tennessee team had been unable to acquire companies with billions of
dollars in assets for him to manage, according to people familiar with
his plans.


Enamored of Annuities


In addition to buying bigger insurers, Mr. Frankel also had grown
enamored of the idea of selling fixed annuities and acquiring companies
that specialized in that potentially lucrative product. The annuity
business potentially was a far more lucrative line of business than
burial insurance. Annuities are contracts under which investors hand
over large chunks of premiums to insurance companies in return for a
promised stream of payments, possibly years in the future, over a set
period.

Mr. Hackney, on the other hand, liked focusing on the companies'
traditional mainstay, small life-insurance policies to cover burial
expenses, according to a person who worked with Mr. Frankel. Such
differences created tension between Mr. Frankel and Mr. Hackney, the
person said. In April, about a month before he disappeared, Mr. Frankel
told the associate that he was thinking of buying out Mr. Hackney, and
that he and Mr. Hackney "didn't always see eye to eye on the business
stuff," according to this person. Mr. Hackney's lawyer said he couldn't
confirm the person's account.

Mr. Frankel's first vehicle to make big insurance acquisitions, the St.
Francis foundation, prompted questions from state regulators and
potential acquirees about the source of its money, thus slowing its
progress. While Mr. Frankel would continue to try to use the foundation
for expansion until his plans collapsed, he also began creating another
vehicle starting in late 1998. Mr. Frankel, using the alias David Rosse,
gathered a new acquisition team, led by New York lawyer Larry Martin,
who helped run what became American Life Acquisitions. Mr. Martin,
through a longtime friend, tapped as advisers Mr. Yednock, a veteran
insurance-industry executive, and Mr. Brotzge, a former executive at
Providian Corp., whose insurance operations were bought by Aegon in
1997.


Astrologically Favorable


The new investment fund was formally created in late January, on a date
chosen by Mr. Frankel because it was astrologically favorable, said Mr.
Yednock. Its business-plan document referred to Mr. Frankel's purported
success in managing assets for the seven small insurers owned by Thunor
Trust. The consultants said it wasn't clear whether the fund would
become the new owner of those insurers.

The consultants said they understood Mr. Martin had met Mr. Frankel
through Thomas Corbally, a business consultant who had made many
connections for the missing financier. Warren Feldman, a lawyer for Mr.
Martin, has declined to comment except to say that American Life
Acquisitions was created as an investment vehicle for insurance
acquisitions. Mr. Corbally declined to comment.

Mr. Martin and an associate, a friend of Mr. Corbally's, traveled
frequently to Europe, returning with news that they had lined up
investors, including a Luxembourg bank, to invest in the new fund,
according to Mr. Yednock and Mr. Brotzge. Mr. Martin was courting "three
or four Swiss banks and some French banks," as well as some wealthy
European investors, said another person briefed by Mr. Martin on the
fund.

The business plan also stated that a limited partnership associated with
the new fund had been established in Luxembourg, with a minimum $25
million investment required for each partner, according to Mr. Yednock.


Mystery Bothers Team Members

The mystery surrounding the fund's donors bothered some of the
professionals on the team. "That was one of my big concerns," says Mr.
Brotzge. "There was some level of secrecy about who the, quote, wealthy
investors were," he said.
No money from investors was ever transferred to the fund, even though
Mr. Martin and Mr. Frankel said they had lined up significant sums, the
consultants said. The investment fund never acquired any companies,
although it made overtures to several.

Meanwhile, in addition to pursuing acquisitions, Mr. Frankel also had
grand plans for the companies he had acquired under the Thunor umbrella,
especially his largest and most financially sound purchase, First
National Life Insurance Co. of Mississippi, which Thunor had bought in
1998 for $48 million.

First National was planning to market a new, consumer-friendly annuity
product that would offer a competitive interest rate to investors and a
relatively short "surrender period," or time during which penalties
would be charged for withdrawals. Mr. Frankel personally kept tabs on
its development, according to a person who worked with him.

The new product was expected to generate $60 million a year and would be
attractive to consumers in part because Mr. Frankel's purportedly
superior investment returns would enable him to offer "a little bit of a
better rate" than many annuity products, said this person.

Indeed, wholesalers had already been lined up to market the product and
First National had already gotten approval from several states, says the
person. Plans were dropped when Mr. Frankel disappeared.

In the months before he disappeared, Mr. Frankel was anxious to do
deals, sometimes regardless of the price. During ultimately unsuccessful
negotiations to buy a block of business from Provident American, Mr.
Brotzge wrote a letter telling Provident that its price was too high.
Mr. Frankel read the letter "and went ballistic," recalled Mr. Brotzge.
"He called me and said, 'Buy it.' "

The Wall Street Journal, July 12, 1999


Spy vs. Spy

CIA Admits Spying on British Cabinet Minister

Genetically modified politicians

CIA agents have secretly investigated the environment minister Michael
Meacher, The Telegraph can reveal.
Mr Meacher said last night that he was "astonished" after the US
government confirmed that the CIA keeps a file on him. Compiled
recently, it is believed to contain details of Mr Meacher's reservations
about genetically-modified foods, which Washington promotes in Europe.

The CIA last night refused to release details of the contents of its
file, described by another department as a "biographical profile".
Inquiries by The Telegraph have uncovered no other files compiled by the
CIA on British ministers.

Environment groups expressed alarm over the CIA's actions. Charles
Secrett, director of Friends of the Earth, said: "The immediate fear is
that the CIA is working hand in glove with Monsanto [the US
biotechnology company] to do anything they can to force this technology
down our throats whatever democratic politicians say. It would be
dynamite if this file has anything about Michael Meacher's track record
on genetically modified crops and foods. What business is it of the
CIA's to worry about any politician's views about biotechnology
products?"

With the US pressing for GM products to be allowed more freely into
Britain - despite British consumers' worries - GM food is emerging as a
potential source of conflict between the two countries. President
Clinton is known to have had several conversations on the subject with
Tony Blair and US diplomatic missions abroad have been ordered to
promote the GM industry.

The existence of the CIA file on Mr Meacher came to light after The
Telegraph conducted inquiries using the US Freedom of Information Act to
ask whether Government agencies held any information about British
ministers. Most agencies and departments said they had nothing. A small
number of departments replied that they had drawn up conventional briefs
to prepare their own staff for visits to Washington by British
ministers. The briefs, which were drawn from published and embassy
sources, were freely disclosed to The Telegraph.

However, the US Environmental Protection Agency - Mr Meacher's
counterpart department - said it held a file on him but could not
disclose it because it "originated within the Central Intelligence
Agency". The EPA could not say whether it held the complete file, or
whether its holding was part of a larger CIA file. A spokesman, Lynn
Schoolfield, said: "We have a biographical profile of Mr Meacher which
was compiled by the CIA. But I don't think it's of any great concern.
There's nothing to worry about here."

The CIA said that it could not release Mr Meacher's file. A spokesman
said: "We never comment to the press on the contents of files."

Mr Meacher said he had "no idea" why the CIA had information on him. "I
am astonished. I find it interesting, but I have no idea what the reason
might be." Mr Meacher refused to comment on the action he may now take,
but he is likely to raise the matter with the Deputy Prime Minister,
John Prescott, and with the Cabinet Secretary, Sir Richard Wilson.

Within the Government, Mr Meacher has been the most cautious on GM
crops, insisting that none should be grown commercially before trial
plantings establish whether they pose an environmental risk. He is also
reconstituting the main committee advising ministers on GM foods to
reduce the number of members with links to the biotechnology industry.

Mr Meacher's background is on the Labour hard Left, but no more so than
several other key figures in the Blair government. He led Tony Benn's
campaign for the Labour deputy leadership in 1981 and was a member of
the shadow cabinet before the 1997 election, but was not appointed to
the Cabinet after Labour's election victory. He is well regarded by
environmentalists.

The London Telegraph, July 11 1999


Drug Distribution

Fast Cars Go Better with Coke

Formula One linked to cocaine smuggling

FORMULA ONE racing has been linked to cocaine smuggling amid allegations
that grand prix cars may have been used to conceal drugs as they are
transported around the world.
Customs officers revealed last week that they have been monitoring the
movement of Formula One personnel and equipment through Dover. Officers
say they were tipped off by an informant in the motor racing world 18
months ago.

The disclosure follows an earlier inquiry by Scotland Yard drug squad
detectives. Codenamed Operation Equipment, their investigation was
sparked by details given by two informants that individuals within F1
were using the sport as cover for international drug trafficking.

Two of the detectives involved told Insight that racing cars and their
containers have allegedly been used to conceal cocaine. They say
traffickers allegedly took advantage of the shipment of vehicles as
cover to bring drugs into Britain and the Continent from South America.
The drugs were believed to have been stashed in car parts and equipment
and then placed in containers which were transported across the world.

"Formula One teams do a lot of practice in Spain, Portugal and France.
Stuff might be coming through there and then into Britain," said a
source.

At one point in their inquiries, Scotland Yard detectives considered
putting an undercover policeman inside Formula One.

They planned to ask Nigel Mansell, the former British world champion and
a special police constable, to help them get their man in. Mansell said
last week he was unable to comment.

The wife of one well-known British driver revealed that she saw "white
packages", believed to be cocaine, being put inside a container in Rio
de Janeiro in Brazil.

She said that F1 transporters were rarely searched: "After all, these
guys are heroes. All anyone wants is an autograph. The containers were
used to ship all sorts of goods. I saw white packages loaded into a
container. I guessed it was cocaine," she said.

Jackie Oliver, the former grand prix driver, said he was aware of an
inquiry into alleged trafficking. He said F1 equipment had been seized
on its way back from South America. "They pounced on all the equipment
coming back from the Brazilian Grand Prix and held it up for days in
customs while they went through everything with a fine tooth comb. We
all complied and gave them full access and they got their sniffer dogs
and went round everything - and never found anything."

A third source close to several F1 teams said he had heard that
containers had been secretly used to transport drugs and money, adding
that he had been interviewed by police about their investigation.

Customs officials in Dover confirmed last week they had recently
received instructions from head office in London to monitor Formula One
teams and their equipment as they entered this country.

"We have previously been successful in finding drugs in vehicles
associated with motor sport, and Formula One teams using the port will
be treated to the same level of scrutiny," said Nigel Knott, customs
spokesman for southeast England.

"When you're talking about 15-metre trailers, the potential for hiding
drugs is phenomenal. And there is more than one vehicle per team."

There are at least 11 competing Formula One teams, each with more than a
100 members. Along with scores of hangers-on, hundreds of people have
access to grand prix cars and their containers.

Police sources say the high-profile nature of some teams makes it easier
for them to travel unhindered across international borders. They suspect
a number of rogue individuals have taken advantage of this.

One of the men named by their informants is a convicted cocaine smuggler
with links to figures in F1. Last week the man, a London businessman,
told The Sunday Times he was aware he had been under surveillance and
that he had complained to Scotland Yard that he had been harassed and
threatened by police.

Describing the allegations of a cocaine link to F1 as a "complete
fairytale", he said he believed police had tried to entrap him in a
"sting" operation involving hidden cameras.

It is not the first time that motor racing has been implicated in drugs
trafficking. In 1990 Johnny Herbert, the Formula One driver, told the
Old Bailey he had been unwittingly sponsored by a man who, it turned
out, had masterminded a £18m cannabis smuggling ring.

Paul Newman, a London businessman, had his own box at Brands Hatch and
used his drugs profits to set up two motor racing teams. He was
sentenced to 10 years in prison. Herbert told the trial he did not
realise there was any drugs connection.

The Scotland Yard inquiry into Formula One was inconclusive but its
existence was confirmed by Derek Todd, the former head of its central
drugs squad. Duncan MacLaughlin, a former drugs squad detective in
charge of the investigation, also revealed that allegations from within
the motor racing world had been made that F1 was being used as a front
for cocaine trafficking.

It is believed that Bernie Ecclestone, the boss of Formula One, became
aware of the inquiry 18 months ago after news of the operation started
circulating within F1. MacLaughlin said Ecclestone had telephoned him in
November 1997 to offer full co-operation.

During Operation Equipment, police travelled to Los Angeles in 1995 to
liaise with drug enforcement officers about an investigation there into
money-laundering and F1.

Scotland Yard has also made inquiries in Tokyo where evidence emerged of
a possible link between some F1 individuals and drugs money laundering
for the Japanese mafia, the Yakuza.

MacLaughlin left the Metropolitan police last year and now runs a
security consultancy that numbers Damon Hill, the former British world
champion, among its clients.

Ecclestone declined to discuss the affair last week. But an aide said:
"He did not have any knowledge or evidence that individuals within F1
were doing anything of the sort [drug smuggling]. If he had information
or evidence, he would have taken it to the police."

Scotland Yard said this weekend that drug operations were now the
responsibility of the National Crime Squad. A spokesman for the squad
said: "We do not discuss our ongoing inquiries."

A 32-year-old Royal Navy serviceman was being questioned by police
yesterday on suspicion of manslaughter after an accident at Silverstone
motor racing circuit that left one man dead.

The accident happened when an open-top MG sports car drove onto the
grand prix circuit, then spun off and overturned. Three men managed to
crawl free, but a fourth died at the scene. The driver was later
arrested.

The man who died, aged 35, had not been named last night at his family's
request. He was based at the Royal Naval Air Station at Yeovilton in
Somerset and came from Salisbury.

A spokesman for the Ministry of Defence confirmed that the other three,
including the man who has been arrested, were from 771 Squadron, based
at RNAS Culdrose in Helston, Cornwall.

The accident happened just before 11pm on Friday night. The driver and
the other two men, aged 36 and 40, were later taken to Northampton
General Hospital and were discharged after treatment for minor injuries.
The driver was then arrested and taken to Daventry police station for
questioning.

The men had all been off duty and were there as spectators, the MoD
said.

The London Times, July 11, 1999


Spy vs. Spy

NATO Secrets on Missing Laptop

Secret Briefing One: How Terrorists Get Security Passes

SENSITIVE military secrets have been stolen in a second major security
bungle involving a laptop computer.
The portable PC belonging to Royal Navy Commander Paul Lloyd, was taken
from a car in Pinner, Middlesex overnight on June 26.

A security source told the Sunday Mirror: "This is a major security
breach.

"The laptop contains secret and highly sensitive information, which
would be particularly useful to terrorist organisations."

"This is the worse security lapse in 10 years," added the source. "It is
being dealt with at the highest level."

Commander Lloyd is a staff officer at the secretive tri-service
Permanent Joint Headquarters, at Northwood, Middlesex.

He is involved in daily briefings with Nato bosses and helped plan the
Kosovo war and peace-keeping campaign.

Commander Lloyd has also been involved with the Trident nuclear
submarine programme.

Amazingly, the computer, which police have been told contains "top
secret/classified" material, was not protected by a password. The
laptop, manufactured by the firm Leo, was in a black leather carry-case.
The thief also took two high-level security passes in the name of
Commander Lloyd along with his combat fatigues with their commander's
insignia.

Police have warned the passes allow access to Ministry of Defence and
naval sites.

A source said: "Commander Lloyd is a high flyer with a exemplary service
record. It is highly embarrassing that this has happened to him." The
MOD says the laptop did not hold information on the Balkans campaign or
any Trident nuclear secrets.'"

Commander Lloyd has not been suspended. No decision has been made on
disciplinary charges.

The Sunday Mirror, July 11, 1999
-----
Aloha, He'Ping,
Om, Shalom, Salaam.
Em Hotep, Peace Be,
Omnia Bona Bonis,
All My Relations.
Adieu, Adios, Aloha.
Amen.
Roads End
Kris

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