-Caveat Lector- TurbulentTimes # 2 -- December 2000 A weekly compendium of direct action news. --A RadTimes production-- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- "The first duty of a revolutionary is to get away with it." --Abbie Hoffman ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- How to assist TurbulentTimes--> (See ** at end.) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Contents: --------------- --Rioters, police clash at EU meeting --Protesters riot as EU leaders hold meeting to urge unity --US Army detains 1700 at School of Americas --Four Protesters Arrested In March to Free Activist --Protesters disrupt hearing --Protest ends with activists' arrests --Wolfensohn arrives amid Left protests --The Real Thing: Democracy as a Contact Sport --Protesters Taunt Troops with Mirrors Linked stories: *Posters for J20 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Begin stories: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rioters, police clash at EU meeting Leftists, anarchists blame trade bloc for host of social ills Los Angeles Times Friday 8 December 2000 Protesters ran amok in the chic, palm-lined streets of the Riviera's main resort city and police fought back with tear gas and stun grenades Thursday as the European Union opened its most important meeting in a decade. For the rioters, a motley collection of leftist revolutionaries, anarchists and separatists, the 15-nation EU is a cog in the process of globalization that they blame for many of the world's ills. As the trade bloc's leaders gathered in the morning at a squat downtown conference centre aptly nicknamed "The Bunker" by Nice residents, an estimated 4,000 demonstrators set upon the site and got within 100 yards. Young men, many of whom wore cowls or kerchiefs to hide their faces, hurled rocks, set fire to a bank branch, tossed fire extinguishers through shop windows and painted slogans such as "Death to Money" on storefronts. French officials, hosts for the Nice summit, had vowed that there would be none of the embarrassing mayhem here that disturbed last year's World Trade Organization meeting in Seattle or the International Monetary Fund's gathering in September in Prague, Czech Republic. Choking clouds of smoke wafted in the direction of the convention centre, making French President Jacques Chirac sneeze as he stood outside to greet foreign leaders. Some dignitaries, including leaders of other countries that want to join the EU, coughed and mopped their eyes. "These acts are radically contrary to the democratic traditions of all European countries," Chirac later said in disgust. Authorities said 20 police officers were hurt in the fracas on Nice's rain-slicked streets, one seriously. Forty-five protesters were arrested. The Nice summit is considered the EU's most crucial since the 1991 Maastricht Treaty, which laid the basis for a common European currency, the euro, and serious consideration of common policies in fields including defence, citizenship and protection of the environment. The agenda here calls for the EU to reform its inner mechanisms so it can function after absorbing new members, chiefly ex-communist countries in Eastern and Central Europe. Twelve nations are negotiating to join, including the three former Baltic republics of the Soviet Union. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Protesters riot as EU leaders hold meeting to urge unity Friday, December 08, 2000 By PAUL AMES ASSOCIATED PRESS NICE, France - Hundreds of stone-throwing protesters rushed barricades around a conference center where European leaders met yesterday for a milestone summit on unity. French riot police drove them back with tear gas and stun grenades, and 45 were detained. The clashes, which recalled similar demonstrations that have marred other high-profile international gatherings in recent months, created scenes of chaos in this resort Riviera city. Some banks and businesses were covered in graffiti - with slogans ranging from "Long live ETA," referring to the violent Basque separatist group, to "Death to Money." Streets were littered with stones, pieces of wood, broken signs and used tear gas canisters. Tear gas wafted across the entrance to the mammoth, concrete building during the morning confrontation, causing French President Jacques Chirac to sneeze and Prime Minister Lionel Jospin to step away from photographers so he could blow his nose. Chirac later harshly criticized the violence. "We solemnly condemn these acts. They are radically opposed to the democratic traditions of all our countries," he told a news conference. At least 20 police officers were slightly injured in the clashes, and 45 protesters were detained. Although the violence was reminiscent of the chaos wrought by protesters on the Seattle meeting of the World Trade Organization last year, the thousands of demonstrators in Nice seemed to have no central command and to lack organization. Most were southern European students rather than full-time activists for their cause. A ragtag group of several hundred Spanish anarchists, radical trade unionists, and Basque and Corsican separatists fought pitched battles with the police as they sought to break through the ring of steel encircling the Acropolis convention center. The demonstrators made their way to within about 300 feet of the center's main entrance, where the leaders of the 15 European Union nations arrived one by one along with the heads of 13 countries due to join the bloc in the coming years ahead. But police then pushed the rioters back. Undeterred by the violence, the EU leaders opened the three-day summit knowing that failure to surmount deep disagreements over how to share power could plunge the bloc into crisis and delay hopes of ending the continent's Cold War divisions. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- US Army detains 1700 at School of Americas The Guardian December 6, 2000 by Dianne Mathiowetz Thousands of opponents of the School of the Americas at Ft Benning in Columbus, Ga, defied a steady downpour and frigid temperatures to carry out a massive act of political resistance on November 19. >From El Salvador to Argentina to Colombia, graduates of this US Army training school have been involved in numerous military coups, massacres, political murders, rape and torture of prisoners, "disappearances" of civilians as well as drug-running and other crimes. Washington has supported all the governments and agents carrying out these crimes. Dressed in black shrouds, carrying coffins and crosses inscribed with the names of those killed by SOA-trained troops throughout Latin America, over 3,500 people entered Ft Benning in a solemn procession. After marching nearly a half-mile onto the military camp, protesters lowered the coffins to the ground and poured red paint on the shrouded and masked lead contingent, who then fell to the wet ground, refusing to get up. Military police picked them up and placed them on canvas litters in order to take them to be processed. The hundreds of crosses put into the ground created a symbolic cemetery of the School of the Americas' victims. "No mas, no more," chanted the demonstrators. A second wave of protesters, carrying giant paper mache puppets, crossed onto Ft Benning. These anti-globalisation activists and puppeteers, whose street theatre has enlivened protests from Seattle to the country's capital, created a colourful display of popular resistance. Randy Serraglio, who spent six months in a federal prison for trespassing on Ft Benning in previous years, explained that they would plant corn seeds on the military property. "Corn is life", Serraglio said of that powerful Latin American cultural symbol. "We are talking about hope for the future." Linking military to globalisation The addition of anti-globalisation forces underscored the expanding awareness of the link between US military policy and corporate domination in the world. Katherine Cristiani, a senior at Oberlin College in Ohio, explained why she was participating in the action. She said, "I think the School of the Americas is a symbol of the role of violence and exploitation that the US has played in South America." More than 1,700 people were held by military authorities, who established their identities and handed them letters banning them from the base for five years. The US attorney's office will determine if any of the protesters will be prosecuted on charges of trespassing, resisting arrest or assaulting law- enforcement officers. In 1999, 65 people were cited out of the over 6,000 who crossed onto the base. Post Commander Major General John LeMoye said he decided to cite more demonstrators this year to "give us an opportunity to engage in dialogue about the school". Starting in 1946, with the school located in Panama, the US began training the militaries of Latin America as part of its Cold War strategy of containing popular movements. The 1977 Panama Canal Treaty that turned the waterway over to the Panamanian Government also forced the School of the Americas to relocate to Ft Benning. This took place in 1984. Close to 60,000 members of the militaries of 22 Latin American countries have received advanced training at the SOA in its more than 50 years of existence. For Father Roy Bourgeois, founder of SOAWatch, which initiated the campaign to close the School of the Americas, it was events in El Salvador that revealed the deadly impact of this "advanced training". SOA-trained soldiers massacred over 900 men, women and children in the village of El Mozote. They carried out the assassination of Archbishop Oscar Romero as he celebrated mass. The school's graduates also murdered six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper and her 15-year-old daughter on the grounds of the University of Central America in San Salvador. Torture and murder "optional" Ten years of protest have put a spotlight on the SOA's role in the repression exercised by military and police throughout Latin America. An SOA training manual openly suggested the establishment of bounties and the summary execution of suspected "guerillas". When this manual was discovered, US military officials at the School dismissed this instruction as "optional". While the Pentagon claims that the school offers "human rights" training and strengthens "democracy", the record shows that under the rule of SOA graduate Rios Montt of Guatemala, hundreds of thousands of Indigenous people were murdered, tortured, disappeared and forced into exile. Likewise, in Argentina, when SOA graduate Leopolo Galtieri led the military, more than 30,000 civilians were killed or disappeared in what is known as the "dirty war". In Colombia, where the US has just authorised an additional $1.3 billion in aid, mostly for high-tech weaponry, half of those cited for human-rights violations were trained at the SOA. These and many other examples are fuelling the movement to end Congressional funding to the school. "New name, same shame" The US military is attempting to defuse and confuse the movement by officially closing the SOA on December 15 and re-opening it on January 17, 2001, with a new name, the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation. The "new" school will have an oversight board of civilians and will require mandatory human-rights courses. Signs at the protest saying "New name, same shame" indicate that no one was taken in by this public-relations ploy. The next national action of SOAWatch will take place in Washington from March 29-April 3 to demand that the new Congress and President close the School of the Americas for good. For more information, visit the Web site <www.soaw.org>. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Four Protesters Arrested In March to Free Activist newsday.com 12/11/2000 - Page A 38 by Karen Freifeld, Staff Writer "A New York march in support of freedom for American Indian activist Leonard Peltier resulted in the arrest of four protesters yesterday-and a demonstration in an effort to free them. Peltier, who is serving two life sentences for the killings of two FBI agents on a South Dakota Indian reservation more than 20 years ago, has gained attention in recent days because President Bill Clinton has said he will review Peltier's case for clemency before he leaves office. Yesterday, some 2,000 people marched from Union Square to the United Nations to support Peltier's appeal, according to activist Tyler Huff, who was among them. It was a peaceful march, Huff said, but police moved into the crowd and arrested four protesters. "The police were simply showing their force," Huff said. "It seems like they targeted a small group," added Marina Sitrin of the New York Law Collective. "I think they're trying to send a message to protesters to silence dissent." Sgt. James Foley, a police spokeman, said four people were charged with disorderly conduct, resisting arrest and obstructing governmental administration. He identified those arrested as Andrew Weeks, 19; Ryan Fletcher, 20; Sylvia Holmes, 25; and Penelope Waite, 17. Their addresses were not available and Foley did not know the details of the arrests. "Let them go, let them go," demonstrators chanted outside the 13th Precinct after the four were handcuffed and put through the system." ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Protesters disrupt hearing by Jim Smith, Daily News Staff Writer Daily News Staff Writer Thursday, December 7, 2000 Deputy U.S. marshals and court security officers yesterday removed about 50 demonstrators, all anti-death-penalty fans of convicted cop-killer Mumia Abu-Jamal, from the federal courthouse at 6th and Market streets. The demonstrators wanted to attend a probation-violation hearing for Charles (Clark is who this reporter should have said) Kissinger, an activist from New York who had been arrested in 1999 for blocking access to the Liberty Bell during an Abu-Jamal rally. Only about 20 demonstrators got into the small hearing room on the fifth floor, and the rest were told to wait in the lobby since the courtroom was too small to accommodate the crowd. Just before announcing his ruling in the Kissinger case, U.S. Magistrate Judge Arnold C. Rapoport said to defense attorneys, "There seems to be disruption wherever your client goes." His remark was met by contemptuous snickers from several spectators. Rapoport, who had twice before warned spectators to be quiet, ordered the courtroom cleared. Some of the demonstrators, seated on benches and locked together arm in arm, refused to leave the courtroom, and had to be pulled out screaming. Two men were taken into custody in the outer hallway for allegedly disrupting another nearby court proceeding, but both were released pending further investigation, said U.S. Marshal Alan D. Lewis. Minutes later, Rapoport ordered the spacious street-level courthouse lobby cleared of all demonstrators, after marshals reported that the large group was continuing to make noise. "That was accomplished without any further incident," Lewis said. When the hearing resumed, New York defense attorney Ronald Kuby accused the judge of provoking Kissinger supporters by uttering "a highly untrue and inflammatory statement." "I'm not as Machiavellian as you make me out," the judge replied. The judge jailed Kissinger for 90 days for violating the terms of probation. Kissinger admittedly had returned to Philadelphia, without court permission, during the Republican National Convention in August to speak at an anti-death penalty rally. Kissinger was led away in handcuffs by deputy U.S. marshals, and Kuby and his other attorney, Philadelphia lawyer Andrew F. Erba, said Kissinger would appeal. Abu-Jamal, who has appealed his death sentence for the 1981 murder of Police Officer Daniel Faulkner, awaits a hearing in the same courthouse. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Protest ends with activists' arrests December 9, 2000 By Barbara Boyer <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> INQUIRER STAFF WRITER A two-day City Hall standoff between protesters and city officials ended last night with authorities arresting nine homeless activists while dozens of homeless people sang, chanted and cried. It was an emotional climax at 8 p.m. to the sit-in - in the middle of City Council chambers - that at times attracted more than 50 people. The group, led by Cheri Honkala of the Kensington Welfare Rights Union, had demanded housing for seven families, totaling 35 people, who otherwise would have been homeless over the holidays. Honkala said she wanted the city to house the families at the Airport Towers Hotel. Council agreed with the group, but Mayor Street objected, saying he did not want to give the seven families priority over other families who have been waiting for shelter. The standoff began at 3 p.m. Thursday, when the group took over Council chambers, delayed a Council meeting, and camped out with sleeping bags and blankets. "We have a lot of support from Council, but not from the Grinch, a.k.a. Mr. Mayor," said Yesenia Cruz, 21, who said she and her two sons, ages 4 and 1, have been homeless for about a year. "What I want is for the mayor to have a heart. And if he does not want to help us, let someone else help us." Yesterday afternoon, lawyers for the city obtained a court injunction to force the protesters off the property or face arrest. At 7:30 p.m., Capt. Robert Danford of the Philadelphia Sheriff's Office read the judge's order. The homeless, including about 20 children, gathered their belongings and continued singing in the corridor, while the nine activists hunkered down and prepared to be taken into custody. Nine homeless activists were escorted one by one from chambers, charged with violating the court injunction. Because the city had obtained an injunction, the nine activists were arrested on civil charges rather than criminal charges and will have to appear before a judge. Yesterday afternoon, a Juniata Park couple who were moved by TV news coverage of the sit-in, Ilsie Olivieri and her boyfriend, Mike Bocchi, offered to put up one homeless family during the holidays. "We could give them a start in life," Bocchi said. The group declined, saying they wanted to remain united until they all had shelter. The homeless families ended up going to a location neither they nor Honkala would reveal. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wolfensohn arrives amid Left protests By Our Special Correspondent The Hindu, November 10, 2000 HYDERABAD, NOV. 9. The World Bank President, Mr. James D. Wolfensohn, arrived here on a two-day visit to the State on Thursday, to protest demonstrations by the nine Left parties' combine and tight security arrangements. A number of leaders of the combine were arrested. His arrival at the Hyderabad airport itself was a quiet affair with mediapersons initially barred from entering the lounge. The Chief Minister, Mr. N. Chandrababu Naidu, the Finance Minister, Mr. Yanamala Ramakrishnudu, and some senior officials were among the few dignatories who received Mr. Wolfensohn. Press photographers and TV cameramen who waited outside under the hot sun for over an hour, had to persuade the Chief Minister to allow them inside. He conceded the request but seemed to have forgotten after receiving the World Bank chief and meeting him briefly in the lounge. He remembered it only when he was approaching the helicopter and waved at the mediamen to come but the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Commandant firmly turned it down saying they cannot be allowed on to the runway. Mr. Naidu and Mr. Wolfensohn then walked down close to the mediapersons and posed for a picture. With the nine Left parties making it clear they would stage protest demonstrations against the World Bank chief, the police appeared determined to thwart them. After rejecting permission for taking out processions and rallies, police personnel were stationed at the airport, the Grand Kakatiya Hotel where the World Bank chief was staying, the route to be taken by him and some of the Left party offices. Undeterred the nine Left party leaders gave the policemen camping in front of the CPI(M) State Office, M B Bhavan, a slip and managed to take out a rally for a distance, till Ramakrishna Studios. Wearing black T-shirts, the group including the CPI (M) State Secretary, Mr. B. V. Raghavulu, raised slogans like "World Bank down down" and "Wolfensohn go back". It took quite some time for the police to catch up with them. About 20 leaders and demonstrators were arrested, for defying the orders prohibiting processions. Earlier in a pre-dawn swoop, the police arrested some CPI (M) and CPI leaders, from their homes and offices. The police searched the house of Mr. Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy, secretary of the State Council of the CPI, and did not leave though they were told that he was out of station. The others arrested include Mr. P. Madhu, State Committee member, Mr. C. H. Krishna Rao and Mr. Krishnaswamy, leaders of the City unit of the Centre for Indian Trade Unions, and Mr. Raghu, president of the city unit of the Student Federation of India. The CPI city secretary, Mr. Aziz Pasha, was arrested on his arrival at Hyderabad Airport from Visakhapatnam in the morning. Mr. Paturi Ramaiah, CPI (M) central committee member, was picked up from his house in MLA quarters. The nine Left parties condemned the arrests and the repressive measures adopted by the State Government to foil the protest demonstrations. In a statement, the State Council of the CPI charged the Chief Minister with working in favour of the World Bank and `pawning' the interests of the State. The party expected that the Government would change its ways after the Left parties led movement against the electricity tariff hike and the bloodshed during "Chalo Assembly" rally on August 28. But it was "abhorrent" that the Government continued with its repressive measures to please the World Bank bosses, proving once again that democratic protests would not be tolerated. Effigy burnt Escaping the police dragnet successfully, activists of 10 political parties burnt the effigy of the World Bank chief near the Jagjivan Ram statue here on Thursday. Earlier, addressing a joint press conference, leaders of the parties accused the Chief Minister, Mr.N.Chandrababu Naidu, of abiding the orders of the World Bank in the process of pursuing anti-people privatisation policies. They said the Chief Minister was running the State at the behest of the World Bank increasing tariffs and imposing taxes and scrapping welfare measures. The `LPG effect' (liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation' was crippling the downtrodden and even the middle class, they said. The visit of the World Bank president was more to oversee whether their conditions were being implemented properly and to ensure the entry of multinationals, they said. Govt attitude condemned The Congress(I) official spokesperson, Mr.K.Rosaiah, has condemned the "undemocratic" attitude of the Government in effecting pre-dawn arrests of several leaders belonging to the nine Left parties on the occasion of the visit of the World Bank president. In a statement, he said the State Government on the one hand invited interested persons to represent to the World Bank president and on the other resorted to oppressive measures. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Real Thing: Democracy as a Contact Sport 13 Dec 2000 By Russell Mokhiber and Robert Weissman A couple weeks ago, we received an invitation to attend an event at the Library of Congress. Coca-Cola was about to make an "historic contribution" to the Library of Congress, and the Library, and Coca-Cola, were inviting reporters to cover the event. We accepted the invitation. We learned from the morning papers that the "historic contribution" was a complete set of 20,000 television commercials pushing Coca-Cola into the American digestive system. Remember the one where the kid hands Pittsburgh Steeler Mean Joe Greene his bottle of Coke, and in return, Mean Joe tosses the kid his football jersey? Or what about on a hilltop in Italy where the folks start sing "I'd like to buy the world a Coke and keep it company"? The event was at the Great Hall of the Thomas Jefferson Building -- named after the Thomas Jefferson who, in 1816, wrote: "I hope we shall crush in its birth the aristocracy of our monied corporations which dare already to challenge our government to a trial of strength, and bid defiance to the laws our country." Anyway, we pull up at the appointed hour (7:15 p.m. on November 29, 2000) at the Thomas Jefferson building, and there's a traffic jam created by stretch limousines blocking the entrance. In addition to lowly reporters, the 400 or so guests included ambassadors, members of Congress, corporate chieftains and other dignitaries. Good thing we dressed up. The Main Hall is this absolutely stunning room, with marble staircases. A string quartet is playing. Waiters are serving Coke in classic bottles. The food is fabulous -- lamb chops, trout, Peking duck. We rub shoulders with the Ambassador from Burma. The "aristocracy of our monied corporations," as Jefferson put it, had taken over the place, and Coca-Cola wanted to make sure that everybody knew it. After all, Coke could have just donated the ads to the Library and left it at that. But this wasn't about Coke's largesse. It was about public relations -- whether the public would view the company as a racist company (Coke had just agreed to pay $192.5 million to settle allegations that it routinely discriminated against black employees in pay, promotions and performance evaluations) or a junk food pusher (consuming large quantities of sugared Coca-Cola has led to ours being one of the most overweight generations in history) -- or instead, a generous contributor to the Library of Congress. James Billington, the Librarian of Congress, was called on to deliver good things to Coke, and he did. He turned over the keys of the Main Hall to Coke, and Coke decked the place out with its logo, stitched in red beside the logo of the Library of Congress. Television sets were placed throughout the hall, the better for the Ambassadors and members of the Democratic Leadership Council to check out the commercials. Billington was selling the soul of the library to one of the world's most powerful corporations. In addition to the ads, Coke was establishing a fellowship at the Library for the study of "culture and communication" -- one fellow will receive $20,000 a year for the next five years. Gary Ruskin, director of Commercial Alert, was outside the event, protesting. "It is not the proper role of the taxpayer-financed Library of Congress to help promote junk food like Coca-Cola to a nation that is suffering skyrocketing levels of obesity," Ruskin said. "It is crass commercialism for James Billington to degrade Jefferson's library and founding ideals into a huckster's backdrop." But without shame, Billington introduced Doug Daft, the president of Coca-Cola, who said that "Coca-Cola has become an integral part of people's lives by helping to tell these stories." Nothing about profits. Nothing about overweight kids. Nothing about racism. After Daft spoke, the room went dark, and the ads ran on the television screens. Nostalgia swept the room. When the ads were finished, the lights went back on and the crowd cheered. About 80 high school students, dressed in Coca-Cola red sweaters, filled the marble staircases and sang -- "I want to buy the world a Coke." Again, the crowd cheered. Doug Daft, standing downstairs, came back to the microphone to continue his statement. We were upstairs at this point, and we looked down at him and asked, in a loud voice -- "Why are you using a public library to promote a junk food product?" The room went quiet. Library of Congress police charged up the marble staircase. Doug Daft put his hand to his ear and shouted back to us: "What did you say?" In a louder voice, we shouted back: "Why are you using a public institution to promote a junk food product?" The next thing we know, we are on the ground. The Library of Congress police had tackled us. Again, the crowd cheered -- not for our question, but for the tackle. We were dragged downstairs, past the Ambassador from Burma, and hauled outside, where police officers from the District of Columbia were waiting for us. Out of the Thomas Jefferson building came running a man from Coke. "This is a private event," the man from Coke told the police. "I'm from Coca-Cola." At first, the police wanted nothing to do with the man from Coke. But the man from Coke insisted. They huddled. Apparently, the man from Coke didn't want us arrested for asking an obvious question. Apparently, the man from Coke didn't want a public trial. The man from Coke was standing up for our First Amendment rights to ask his boss a question. The police said we were to leave the grounds. And we weren't to come back. Ever. --- Russell Mokhiber is editor of the Washington, D.C.-based Corporate Crime Reporter. Robert Weissman is editor of the Washington, D.C.-based Multinational Monitor. They are co-authors of Corporate Predators: The Hunt for MegaProfits and the Attack on Democracy (Monroe, Maine: Common Courage Press, 1999). ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Protesters Taunt Troops with Mirrors Friday, Dec. 8, 2000 MARJAYOUN, Lebanon (Reuters) - Sunlight has replaced stones as the weapon of choice for Lebanese flocking to the border with Israel to taunt Israeli troops stationed there. Lebanese venting their rage at the Jewish state are using mirrors to reflect sunlight straight into the troops' eyes and into the lenses of Israeli surveillance cameras. "This is our weapon for the 21st century," one of the demonstrators told Reuters at the border near the southern Lebanese town of Marjayoun. Since Israel ended its 22-year-old occupation of south Lebanon in May, hundreds of Lebanese have lobbed rocks and insults at soldiers on the other side of the border fence. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linked stories: ******************** Posters for J20 <http://www.bradkayal.com/i20/> Downloadable posters for the Inauguration of the Naked Emperor. ******************** ====================================================== "Anarchy doesn't mean out of control. It means out of 'their' control." -Jim Dodge ====================================================== "Communications without intelligence is noise; intelligence without communications is irrelevant." -Gen. Alfred. M. 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