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FREEDOM FROM WAR
THE UNITED STATES PROGRAM FOR GENERAL AND COMPLETE DISARMAMENT IN A
PEACEFUL WORLD
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
DEPARTMENT OF STATE PUBLICATION 7277
Disarmament Series 5
Released September 1961
Office of Public Services
BUREAU OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS
INTRODUCTION
The revolutionary development of modern weapons within a world divided by
serious ideological differences has produced a crisis in human history. In
order to overcome the danger of nuclear war now confronting mankind, the
United States has introduced at the Sixteenth General Assembly of the
United Nations a Program for General and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful
World.
This new program provides for the progressive reduction of the war-making
capabilities of nations and the simultaneous strengthening of international
institutions to settle disputes and maintain the peace. It sets forth a
series of comprehensive measures which can and should be taken in order to
bring about a world in which there will be freedom from war and security
for all states. It is based on three principles deemed essential to the
achievement of practical progress in the disarmament field:
First, there must be immediate disarmament action:
A strenuous and uninterrupted effort must be made toward the goal of
general and complete disarmament; at the same time, it is important that
specific measures be put into effect as soon as possible.
Second, all disarmament obligations must be subject to effective
international controls:
The control organization must have the manpower, facilities, and
effectiveness to assure that limitations or reductions take place as
agreed. It must also be able to certify to all states that retained forces
and armaments do not exceed those permitted at any stage of the disarmament
process.
Third, adequate peace-keeping machinery must be established:
There is an inseparable relationship between the scaling down of national
armaments on the one hand and the building up of international
peace-keeping machinery and institutions on the other. Nations are unlikely
to shed their means of self-protection in the absence of alternative ways
to safeguard their legitimate interests. This can only be achieved through
the progressive strengthening of international institutions under the
United Nations and by creating a United Nations Peace Force to enforce the
peace as the disarmament process proceeds.
-------------------
There follows a summary of the principal provisions of the United States
Program for General and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World. The full
text of the program is contained in an appendix to this pamphlet.
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FREEDOM FROM WAR
THE UNITED STATES PROGRAM FOR GENERAL AND COMPLETE DISARMAMENT IN A
PEACEFUL WORLD
SUMMARY
DISARMAMENT GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
The over-all goal of the United States is a free, secure, and peaceful
world of independent states adhering to common standards of justice and
international conduct and subjecting the use of force to the rule of law; a
world which has achieved general and complete disarmament under effective
international control; and a world in which adjustment to change takes
place in accordance with the principles of the United Nations.
In order to make possible the achievement of that goal, the program sets
forth the following specific objectives toward which nations should direct
their efforts:
The disbanding of all national armed forces and the prohibition of their
reestablishment in any form whatsoever other than those required to
preserve internal order and for contributions to a United Nations Peace
Force;
The elimination from national arsenals of all armaments, including all
weapons of mass destruction and the means for their delivery, other than
those required for a United Nations Peace Force and for maintaining
internal order;
The institution of effective means for the enforcement of international
agreements, and for the maintenance of peace in accordance with the
principles of the United Nations;
The establishment and effective operation of an International Disarmament
Organization within the framework of the United Nations to insure
compliance at all times with all disarmament obligations.
TASK OF NEGOTIATING STATES
The negotiating states are called upon to develop the program into a
detailed plan for general and complete disarmament and to continue their
efforts without interruption until the whole program has been achieved. To
this end, they are to seek the widest possible area of agreement at the
earliest possible date. At the same time, and without prejudice to progress
on the disarmament program, they are to seek agreement on those immediate
measures that would contribute to the common security of nations and that
could facilitate and form port of the total program.
GOVERNING PRINCIPLES
The program sets forth a series of general principles to guide the
negotiating states in their work. These make clear that:
As states relinquish their arms, the United Nations must be progressively
strengthened in order to improve its capacity to assure international
security and the peaceful settlement of disputes;
Disarmament must proceed as rapidly as possible, until it is completed, in
stages containing balanced, phased, and safeguarded measures;
Each measure and stage should be carried out in an agreed period of time,
with transition from one stage to the next to take place as soon as all
measures in the preceding stage have been carried out and verified and as
soon as necessary arrangements for verification of the next stage have been
made;
Inspection and verification must establish both that nations carry out
scheduled limitations or reductions and that they do not retain armed
forces and armaments in excess of those permitted at any stage of the
disarmament process; and
Disarmament must take place in a manner that will not affect adversely the
security of any state.
DISARMAMENT STAGES
The program provides for progressive disarmament steps to take place in
three stages and for the simultaneous strengthening of international
institution.
FIRST STAGE
The first stage contains measures which would significantly reduce the
capabilities of nations to wage aggressive war. Implementation of this
stage would mean that:
The nuclear threat would be reduced:
All states would have adhered to a treaty effectively prohibiting the
testing of nuclear weapons.
The production of fissionable materials for use in weapons would be stopped
and quantities of such materials from past production would be converted to
non-weapons uses.
States owning nuclear weapons would not relinquish control of such weapons
to any nation not owning them and would not transmit to any such nation
information or material necessary for their manufacture.
States not owning nuclear weapons would not manufacture them or attempt to
obtain control of such weapons belonging to other states.
A Commission of Experts would be established to report on the feasibility
and means for the verified reduction and eventual elimination of nuclear
weapons stockpiles.
Strategic delivery vehicles would be reduced:
Strategic nuclear weapons delivery vehicles of specified categories and
weapons designed to counter such vehicles would be reduced to agreed levels
by equitable and balanced steps; their production would be discontinued or
limited; their testing would be limited or halted.
Arms and armed forces would be reduced:
The armed forces of the United States and the Soviet Union would be limited
to 2.1 million men each (with appropriate levels not exceeding that amount
for other militarily significant states); levels of armaments would be
correspondingly reduced and their production would be limited.
An Experts Commission would be established to examine and report on the
feasibility and means of accomplishing verifiable reduction and eventual
elimination of all chemical, biological and radiological weapons.
Peaceful use of outer space would be promoted:
The placing in orbit or stationing in outer space of weapons of mass
destruction would be prohibited.
States would give advance notification of space vehicle and military
launchings.
U.N. peace-keeping powers would be strengthened:
Measures would be taken to develop and strengthen United Nations
arrangements for arbitration, for the development of international law, and
for the establishment in Stage II of a permanent U.N. Peace Force.
An International Disarmament Organization would be established for
effective verification of the disarmament program:
Its functions would be expanded progressively as disarmament proceeds.
It would certify to all states that agreed reductions have taken place and
that retained forces and armaments do not exceed permitted levels.
It would determine the transition from one stage to the next.
States would be committed to measures to reduce international tension and
to protect against the chance of war by accident, miscalculation, or
surprise attack:
States would be committed to refrain from the threat or use of any type of
armed force contrary to the principles of the U.N. Charter and to refrain
from indirect aggression and subversion against any country.
A U.N. peace observation group would be available to investigate any
situation which might constitute a threat to or breach of the peace.
States would be committed to give advance notice of major military
movements which might cause alarm, observation posts would be established
to report on concentrations and movements of military forces.
SECOND STAGE
The second stage contains a series of measures which would bring within
sight a world in which there would be freedom from war. Implementation of
all measures in the second stage would mean:
Further substantial reductions in the armed forces, armaments, and military
establishments of states, including strategic nuclear weapons delivery
vehicles and countering weapons;
Further development of methods for the peaceful settlement of disputes
under the United Nations;
Establishment of a permanent international peace force within the United
Nations;
Depending on the findings of an Experts Commission, a halt in the
production of chemical, bacteriological, and radiological weapons and a
reduction of existing stocks or their conversion to peaceful uses;
On the basis of the findings of an Experts Commission, a reduction of
stocks of nuclear weapons;
The dismantling or the conversion to peaceful uses of certain military
bases and facilities wherever located; and
The strengthening and enlargement of the International Disarmament
Organization to enable it to verify the steps taken in Stage II and to
determine the transition to Stage III.
THIRD STAGE
During the third stage of the program, the states of the world, building on
the experience and confidence gained in successfully implementing the
measures of the first two stages, would take final steps toward the goal of
a world in which:
States would retain only those forces, non-nuclear armaments, and
establishments required for the purpose of maintaining internal order; they
would also support and provide agreed manpower for a U.N. Peace Force.
The U.N. Peace Force, equipped with agreed types and quantities of
armaments, would be fully functioning.
The peace keeping capabilities of the United nations would be sufficiently
strong and the obligations of all states under such arrangements
sufficiently far-reaching as to assure peace and the just settlement of
differences in a disarmed world.
-------------------
APPENDIX
DECLARATION ON DISARMAMENT
THE UNITED STATES PROGRAM FORGENERAL AND COMPLETE DISARMAMENT IN A PEACEFUL
WORLD
The nations of the world,
Conscious of the crisis in human history produced by the revolutionary
development of modern weapons within a world divided by serious ideological
differences;
Determined to save present and succeeding generations from the scourge of
war and the dangers and burdens of the arms race and to create conditions
in which all peoples can strive freely and peacefully to fulfill their
basic aspirations;
Declare their goal to be: A free, secure, and peaceful world of independent
states adhering to common standards of justice and international conduct
and subjecting the use of force to the rule of law; a world where
adjustment to change takes place in accordance with the principles of the
United Nations; a world where there shall be a permanent state of general
and complete disarmament under effective international control and where
the resources of nations shall be devoted of man's material, cultural, and
spiritual advance;
Set forth as the objectives of a program of general and complete
disarmament in a peaceful world:
(a) The disbanding of all national armed forces and the prohibition of
their reestablishment in any form whatsoever other than those required of
preserve internal order and for contributions to a United Nations Peace
Force;
(b) the elimination from national arsenals of all armaments, including all
weapons of mass destruction and the means for their delivery, other than
those required for a United Nations Peace Force and for maintaining
internal order;
Nations to ensure compliance at all times with all disarmament obligations;
(d) The institution of effective means for the enforcement of international
agreements, for the settlement of disputes, and for the maintenance of
peace in accordance with the principles of the United Nations.
Call on the negotiating states:
(a) To develop the outline program set forth below into an agreed plan for
general and complete disarmament and to continue their efforts without
interruption until the whole program has been achieved;
(b) To this end to seek to attain the widest possible area of agreement at
the earliest possible date;
(c) Also to seek - without prejudice to progress on the disarmament program
- agreement on those immediate measures that would contribute to the common
security of nations and that could facilitate and form a part of that
program.
Affirm that disarmament negotiations should be guided by the following
principles:
(a) Disarmament shall take place as rapidly as possible until it is
completed in stages containing balanced, phased and safe-guarded measures,
with each measure and stage to be carried out in an agreed period of time.
(b) Compliance with all disarmament obligations shall be effectively
verified from their entry into force. Verification arrangements shall be
instituted progressively and in such a manner as to verify not only that
agreed limitations or reductions take place but also that retained armed
forces and armaments do not exceed agreed levels at any stage.
(c) Disarmament shall take place in a manner that will not affect adversely
thesecurity of any state, whether or not a party to an international
agreement or treaty.
(d) As stated relinquish their arms, the United Nations shall be
progressively strengthened in order to improve its capacity to assure
international security and the peaceful settlement of differences as will
as to facilitate the development of international cooperation an common
tasks for the benefit of mankind.
(e) Transition from one stage of disarmament to the next shall take place
as soon as all the measures in the preceding stage have been carried out
and effective verification is continuing and as soon as the arrangements
that have been agreed to be necessary for the next stage have been
instituted.
Agree upon the following outline program for achieving general and complete
disarmament:
STAGE I
A. To Establish an International Disarmament Organization:
(a) An International Disarmament Organization (IDO) shall be established
within the framework of the United Nations upon entry into force of the
agreement. Its functions shall be expanded progressively as required for
the effective verification of the disarmament program.
(b) The IDO shall have: (1) a General Conference of all the parties; (2) a
Commission consisting of representatives of all the major powers as
permanent members as permanent members and certain other states on a
rotating basis; and (3) an Administrator who will administer the
Organization subject to the direction of the Commission and who will have
the authority, staff, and finances adequate to assure effective impartial
implementation of the functions of the Organization.
(c) The IDO shall: (1) ensure compliance with the obligations undertaken by
verifying the execution of measures agreed upon; (2) assist the states in
developing the details of agreed further verification and disarmament
measures; (3) provide for the establishment of such bodies as may be
necessary for working out the details of further measures provided for in
the program and for such other expert study groups as may be required to
give continuous study to the problems of disarmament; (4) receive reports
on the progress of disarmament and verification arrangements and determine
the transition from one stage to the next.
B. To Reduce Armed Forces and Armaments:
(a) Force levels shall be limited to 2.1 million each for the U.S. and
U.S.S.R. and to appropriate levels not exceeding 2.1 million each for all
other militarily significant states. Reductions to the agreed levels will
proceed by equitable, proportionate, and verified steps.
(b) Levels of armaments of prescribed types shall be reduced by equitable
and balanced steps. The reductions shall be accomplished by transfers of
armaments to depots supervised by the IDO. When, at specified periods
during the Stage I reduction process, the states party to the agreement
have agreed that the armaments and armed forces are at prescribed levels,
the armaments in depots shall be destroyed or converted to peaceful uses.
(c) The production of agreed types of armaments shall be limited.
(d) A Chemical, Biological, Radiological (CBR) Experts Commission shall be
established within the IDO for the purpose of examining and reporting on
the feasibility and means for accomplishing the verifiable reduction and
eventual elimination of CBR weapons stockpiles and the halting of their
production.
C. To Contain and Reduce the Nuclear Threat:
(a) States that have not acceded to a treaty effectively prohibiting the
testing of nuclear weapons shall do so.
(b) The production of fissionable materials for use in weapons shall be
stopped.
(c) Upon the cessation of production of fissionable materials for use in
weapons, agreed initial quantities of fissionable materials from past
production shall be transferred to non-weapons purposes.
(d) Any fissionable materials transferred between countries for peaceful
uses of nuclear energy shall be subject to appropriate safeguards to be
developed in agreement with the IAEA.
(e) States owning nuclear weapons shall not relinquish control of such
weapons to any nation not owning them and shall not transmit to any such
nation information or material necessary for their manufacture. States not
owning nuclear weapons shall not manufacture such weapons, attempt to
obtain control of such weapons belonging to other states, or seek or
receive information or materials necessary for their manufacture.
(f) A Nuclear Experts Commission consisting of representatives of the
nuclear states shall be established within the IDO for the purpose of
examining and reporting on the feasibility and means for accomplishing the
verified reduction and eventual elimination of nuclear weapons stockpiles.
D. To Reduce Strategic Nuclear Weapons Delivery Vehicles:
(a) Strategic nuclear weapons delivery vehicles in specified categories and
agreed types of weapons designed to counter such vehicles shall be reduced
to agreed levels by equitable and balanced steps. The reduction shall be
accomplished in each step by transfer to depots supervised by the IDO of
vehicles that are in excess of levels agreed upon for each step. At
specified periods during the Stage I reduction process, the vehicles that
have been placed under supervision of the IDO shall be destroyed or
converted to peaceful uses.
(b) Production of agreed categories of strategic nuclear weapons delivery
vehicles and agreed types of weapons designed to counter such vehicles
shall be discontinued or limited.
(c) Testing of agreed categories of strategic nuclear weapons delivery
vehicles and agreed types of weapons designed to counter such vehicles
shall be limited or halted.
E. To Promote the Peaceful Use of Outer Space:
(a) The placing into orbit or stationing in outer space of weapons capable
of producing mass destruction shall be prohibited.
(b) States shall give advance notification to participating states and to
the IDO of launchings of space vehicles and missiles, together with the
track of the vehicle.
F. To reduce the Risks of War by Accident, Miscalculation, and Surprise
Attack:
(a) States shall give advance notification to the participating states and
to the IDO of major military movements and maneuvers, on a scale as may be
agreed, which might give rise to misinterpretation or cause alarm and
induce countermeasures. The notification shall include the geographic areas
to be used and the nature, scale and time span of the event.
(b) There shall be established observation posts at such locations as major
ports, railway centers, motor highways, and air bases to report on
concentrations and movements of military forces.
(c) There shall also be established such additional inspection arrangements
to reduce the danger of surprise attack as may be agreed.
(d) An international commission shall be established immediately within the
IDO to examine and make recommendations of the possibility of further
measures to reduce the risks of nuclear war by accident, miscalculation, or
failure of communication.
G. To Keep the Peace:
(a) States shall reaffirm their obligations under the U.N. Charter to
refrain from the threat or use of any type of armed force - including
nuclear, conventional, or CBR - contrary to the principles of the U.N.
Charter.
(b) States shall agree to refrain from indirect aggression and subversion
against any country.
(c) States shall use all appropriate processes for the peaceful settlement
of disputes and shall seek within the United Nations further arrangements
for the peaceful settlement of international disputes and for the
codification and progressive development of international law.
(d) States shall develop arrangements in Stage I for the establishment in
Stage II of a U.N. Peace Force.
(e) A U.N. peace observation group shall be staffed with a standing cadre
of observers who could be despatched to investigate any situation which
might constitute a threat to or breach of the peace.
STAGE II
A. International Disarmament Organization:
The powers and responsibilities of the IDO shall be progressively enlarged
in order to give it the capabilities to verify the measures undertaken in
Stage II.
B. To Further Reduce Armed Forces and Armaments:
(a) Levels of forces for the U.S., U.S.S.R., and other militarily
significant states shall be further reduced by substantial amounts to
agreed levels in equitable and balanced steps.
(b) Levels of armaments of prescribed types shall be further reduced by
equitable and balanced steps. The reduction shall be accomplished by
transfers of armaments to depots supervised by the IDO. When, at specified
periods during the Stage II reduction process, the parties have agreed that
the armaments and armed forces are at prescribed levels, the armaments in
depots shall be destroyed or converted to peaceful uses.
(c) There shall be further agreed restrictions on the production of
armaments.
(d) Agreed military bases and facilities wherever they are located shall be
dismantled or converted to peaceful uses.
(e) Depending upon the findings of the Experts Commission on CBR weapons,
the production of CBR weapons shall be halted, existing stocks
progressively reduced, and the resulting excess quantities destroyed or
converted to peaceful uses.
C. To Further Reduce the Nuclear Threat:
Stocks of nuclear weapons shall be progressively reduced to the minimum
levels which can be agreed upon as a result of the findings of the nuclear
Experts Commission; the resulting excess of fissionable material shall be
transferred to peaceful purposes.
D. To Further Reduce Strategic Nuclear Weapons Delivery Vehicles:
Further reductions in the stocks of strategic nuclear weapons delivery
vehicles and agreed types of weapons designed to counter such vehicles
shall be carried out in accordance with the procedure outlined in Stage I.
E. To Keep the Peace:
During Stage II, states shall develop further the peace-keeping processes
of the united Nations, to the end that the United Nations can effectively
in Stage III deter or suppress any threat or use of force in violation of
the purposes and principles of the united Nations:
(a) States shall agree upon strengthening the structure, authority, and
operation of the united Nations so as to assure that the United Nations
will be able effectively to protect states against threats to or breaches
of the peace.
(b) The U.N. Peace Force shall be established and progressively
strengthened.
(c) States shall also agree upon further improvements and developments in
rules of international conduct and in processes for peaceful settlement of
disputes and differences.
STAGE III
By the time Stage II has been completed, the confidence produced through a
verified disarmament program, the acceptance of rules of peaceful
international behavior, and the development of strengthened international
peace-keeping processes within the framework of the U.N. should have
reached a point where the states of the world can move forward to Stage
III. In Stage III progressive controlled disarmament and continuously
developing principles and procedures of international law would proceed to
a point where no state would have the military power to challenge the
progressively strengthened U.N. Peace Force (emphasis added) and all
international disputes would be settled according to the agreed principles
of international conduct.
The progressive steps to be taken during the final phase of the disarmament
program would be directed toward the attainment of a world in which:
(a) States would retain only those forces, non-nuclear armaments, and
establishments required for the purpose of maintaining internal order; they
would also support and provide agreed manpower for a U.N. Peace Force.
(b) The U.N. Peace Force, equipped with agreed types and quantities of
armaments, would be fully functioning.
(c) The manufacture of armaments would be prohibited except for those of
agreed types and quantities to be used by the U.N. Peace Force and those
required to maintain internal order. All other armaments would be destroyed
or converted to peaceful purposes.
(d) The peace-keeping capabilities of the United Nations would be
sufficiently strong and the obligations of all states under such
arrangements sufficiently far-reaching as to assure peace and the just
settlement of differences in a disarmed world.
The end of Publication 7277.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
THE JOHN BIRCH SOCIETY BULLETIN
Less Government, More Responsibility, And
- With God's Help -
A Better World
No. 383 April 1991
WHOSE SIDE ARE THEY ON?
by
John F. McManus
In the interest of peace, many Americans have been persuaded to support
disarmament programs and to create as a substitute for each nation's
military a United Nations Peace Force. Most feel certain that their own
rights and the independence of their nation would in no way be placed in
jeopardy. But there is a vital question few seem willing or able to ask:
Who would be left to restrain the all-powerful United Nations?
For his Secretaries of State and Defense, President John F. Kennedy
selected Dean Rusk and Robert S. McNamara. Each was a member of the New
York-based Council on Foreign Relations, a private organization formed in
1921 for the purpose of bringing about a one-world government.
Only nine months into his administration - on September 25, 1961, to be
precise - Mr. Kennedy travelled to UN headquarters in New York to present a
proposal entitled Freedom From War: The United States Program For General
and Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World. The work of the Rusk-led
State Department, with the willing acquiescence of the McNamara-led Defense
Department, the proposal was published as "Department of State Publication
7277."
In his remarks before the UN, President Kennedy asked for a commitment from
all nations "not to an arms race, but to a peace race - to advance together
step by step, stage by stage, until general and complete disarmament has
been achieved." He did not get any such commitment, yet the United States
embarked on the Kennedy-launched program.
Freedom From War (or "7277," as it is frequently called) proposes three
stages of disarmament ending with the transfer of the armed forces of our
nation to the United Nations. As Senator Joseph Clark of Pennsylvania
approvingly reminded his colleagues in a Senate speech on March 1, 1962,
this program is "the fixed, determined and approved policy of the
government of the United States."
A reading of the document itself confirms that disarmament "would proceed
to a point where no state would have the military power to challenge the
progressively strengthened U.N. Peace Force...." In other words, the only
significant military power left in the world would be the United Nations.
The provisions of the treacherous proposal would actually leave our nation
defenseless before the UN, and before any other nation that didn't
similarly disarm. And it would place the UN's superior military power in
the hands of the UN's Undersecretary for Political and Security Council
Affairs, the overseer of all UN military activity. This post, by virtue of
a secret agreement concluded at the founding of the UN (an arrangement
later confirmed by an astonished former UN Secretary General named Trygve
Lie), has always been held by a communist. The man who holds it today, is
Vasiliy S. Safronchuk of the Soviet Union. Unless our leaders are stopped,
they will succeed in turning over our military forces to the United Nations
where they will be controlled by a communist.
---------------------------------------------------------
Since the UN was created, there have been 14 Undersecretaries for Political
and Security Council Affairs. All have been communists, and all but one
have come from the Soviet Union.
1946-1949 Arkady Sobolev 1963-1965 V.P. Suslov
(USSR) (USSR)
1949-1953 Konstantin Zinchenko 1965-1968 Alexei E. Nesterenko
(USSR) (USSR)
1953-1954 Ilya Tchernychev 1968-1973 Leonid N. Kutakov
(USSR) (USSR)
1954-1957 Dragoslav Protitch 1973-1978 Arkady N. Shevchenko
(Yugoslavia) (USSR)
1958-1960 Anatoly Dobrynin 1978-1981 Mikhail D. Styenko
(USSR) (USSR)
1960-1962 Georgy Arkadev 1981-1986 Viacheslav A. Ustinov
(USSR) (USSR)
1962-1963 E.D. Kiselev 1987- Vasiliy S. Safronchuk
(USSR) (USSR)
---------------------------------------------------------
Subverting Our Sovereignty
Are our leaders really implementing this plan? Yes, they are! The Nuclear
Test Ban Treaty is part of it; the treaty banning the use of outer space
for nuclear weapons is part of it; the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is
part of it; and so is the Intermediate Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty, signed
by President Reagan and Soviet leader Gorbachev and ratified by the U.S.
Senate in 1988.
When Freedom From War was first made public, many startled Americans tried
to obtain a copy. It was quickly declared "out of print" by federal
authorities. Then, it was superseded in April 1962 by a "more precise"
statement of the U.S. disarmament policy in a document entitled Blueprint
For the Peace Race: Outline of Basic Provisions of a Treaty on General and
Complete Disarmament in a Peaceful World.
Presented formally to an 18-nation UN Committee on Disarmament meeting in
Geneva, the foreword to the Blueprint states that it doesn't cancel the
plans given in Freedom From War. It merely "elaborates and extends the
proposals of September 25," the date that Freedom From War was unveiled at
UN headquarters by President Kennedy. In complete accord with Freedom From
War, the Blueprint spells out its overall goal in the third of its three
stages: "The Parties to the Treaty would progressively strengthen the
United Nations Peace Force established in Stage II until it had sufficient
armed forces and armaments so that no state could challenge it."
When questioned about the commitment of the United States to the Blueprint,
A. Richard Richstein, General Council of the U.S. Arms Control and
Disarmament Agency, stated in a May 11, 1982 letter that "the United States
has never formally withdrawn this proposal." In January 1991, William Nary,
the official; historian of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency,
confirmed again that "the proposal has not been withdrawn." Mr. Nary also
confirmed that "certain features of it have been incorporated into
subsequent disarmament agreements."
In summary, the plan to disarm the United States in favor of an
all-powerful United Nations Peace Force is unfolding. It calls for
relinquishing virtually all of our nation's military forces to a UN command
whose leader, by agreement between the U.S. and the USSR during the
founding sessions leading to the creation of the UN, will always be a
communist. In the end, "no state could challenge" the communist-led
military power of the United Nations.
This supposed "disarmament" program, therefore, is not as much about
weapons elimination as it is about weapons distribution and control. If the
program succeeds, only the UN and those nations skirting UN weapons
prohibitions will be armed. It is remarkably similar to the drive that
would outlaw private ownership of firearms. (emphasis added) If that drive
should ever succeed, only the government and those who are outlaws would
possess guns. Law-abiding citizens would be at their mercy in the latter
case; law-abiding nations would be at the mercy of the UN and outlaw
nations in the other.
Background To This Situation
How did we get into such a situation? Who are the individuals promoting
such a suicidal proposal? Why is Congress going along instead of
repudiating this dangerous program? How do we get out of it before it's too
late?
At the founding of the United Nations in 1945, the delegation from the
United States included a young State Department official named Alger Hiss.
Widely acclaimed for both his ability and his enthusiasm for the world
organization, he rose to become the acting secretary general of the
founding UN conference. As a member of the steering and executive
committees of the conference, he played a major role in drafting the UN
Charter. He also helped to staff the U.S. delegation and was chosen by his
peers for the prestigious task of personally transporting the Charter to
the President and to the Senate for ratification.
Alger Hiss, however, was later found to have been a secret communist, more
loyal to a foreign power than to the nation of his birth. A 1950 State
department document named 15 other key U.S. government officials who were
responsible for planning the creation of the UN. They, too, were
subsequently named as secret communists by official agencies.
---------------------------------------------------------
Five years after the 1945 founding of the United nations, official records
released by the State Department# identified the individuals listed below
as key U.S. contributors to the planning for the world organization. Each
of the 16 was subsequently identified in sworn testimony before U.S.
government agencies as a secret communist.
Alger Hiss Nathan Gregory Silvermaster
Harry Dexter White Harold Glasser
Virginius Frank Coe Victor Perlo
Noel Field Irving Kaplan
Laurence Duggan Solomon Adler
Henry Julian Wadleigh Abraham George Silverman
John Carter Vincent William K. Ullman
David Weintraub William H. Taylor
# Postwar Foreign Policy Preparation, 1939-1945, U.S. State Department
---------------------------------------------------------
Not only was the U.S. represented by a sizable number of communists, our
nation's delegation also contained 43 individuals who were then or soon
would be members of America's leading Establishment organization, the
privately-run Council on Foreign Relations. Alger Hiss himself was both a
communist and a CFR member as was another U.S. member of the UN planning
team, Lauchlin Currie. As communists, and as CFR members, they worked
diligently to bring the world government into existence, and they labored
just as hard to have the United States a part of it.
There were, of course, delegations from the USSR and the other founding
nations. These were made up of communists, socialists, one-worlders, and
easily manipulated starry-eyed dreamers. All were committed to world
government at the expense of national sovereignty. All wanted the United
Nations to be supreme. There was to be no more war as soon as the United
Nations was given sufficient power, especially unchallenged military power,
to keep the peace.
For the past 45 years, intense pro-UN propaganda has convinced many
Americans (and many others as well) that the words "peace" and "United
Nations" are virtually interchangeable. Anyone who opposes the UN risks
being labelled a warmonger. Those who support the UN customarily find
themselves showered with accolades.
Peace is so universally desired that almost anything seems reasonable to
achieve it. Proposals to empower the UN with the world's dominant military
capability have received widespread support. At first glance, the idea may
seem to have some merit. A world police force formed to keep the peace.
Wouldn't it be wonderful!
Suppose, however, that the unchallengeable power of the United Nations fill
into the wrong hands? Suppose it ended up at the disposal of Alger Hiss and
his comrades? Couldn't it be used to impose a tyranny on the rest of
mankind? Wouldn't any would-be tyrant gravitate to the organization?
Even if the UN wire not run by communists, socialists, and one-worlders who
despise nationhood, wouldn't the awesome power we are talking about be
sufficient to corrupt anyone? Who would be able to bridle any UN leaders
who had been given greater power than anyone else on earth?
Don't Discard Americanism
It can't be said too often that America is unique. Our nation began with
the thunderous assertion in the Declaration of Independence that "men...are
endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights." According to the
founding premise of this nation, rights come from God, not from government.
And the declaration then declared that governments are formed solely "to
secure those rights." That's all! Secure God-given rights, not provide for
wants, redistribute the wealth, or make dependent serfs out of the people.
With the marvelous foundation laid in the Declaration, the men who formed
this unique and wonderful nation the wrote a Constitution whose sole
purpose was to govern the government, not the people. America was expected
to be a nation where the government was limited by law and the people were
limited by freely accepted moral codes such as those found in the Ten
Commandments.
Nothing like America had ever existed in all history. And did this nation
prosper! Millions left the old world to come here penniless - not to be
cared for but to enjoy freedom and opportunity. America became the hope of
the world - even for these who were not fortunate enough to live within our
borders.
The United Nations, on the other hand, has no place for God. If rights
don't come from God, the presumption is that they are granted by
government. The UN actually fosters such a presumption, as can be
discovered in its International Covenants on Human Rights.
What must be understood is that a government that presumes to grant
fundamental rights - which is what the UN does - is a government that can
suspend them at will. If the "self evident " truths in the Declaration of
Independence are canceled or forgotten in favor of the UN's ways, all
rights given us by our Creator will exist only at the extremely dubious
pleasure of the United Nations.
The reality here is that the UN turns the entire American system on its
head. To consider submitting our nation to the dictates of the
anti-American, pro-communist and Godless United Nations is suicidal. Yet,
this is exactly what our leaders have been working towards for several
decades. Sad to say, it is perfectly obvious that this is precisely what
President Bush is talking about when he repeatedly expresses his desire to
create a "new world order."
Unfortunately, the desire for peace has clouded the vision of many
otherwise clear-thinking Americans. Many have been persuaded to think only
of the concept of "peace," but not what kind of peace. No one should ever
forget that there is the peace of the grave, the peace of submission, and
the communist peace that consists of no opposition to communism. Peace with
justice, the goal of anyone possessing good will, is as likely under United
Nations domination as is the chance that water will flow uphill.
Whenever thoughts such as these are brought to the attention of sensible
Americans, enthusiasm for UN-style peace diminishes rapidly. "Let's keep
our independence!" is a common response. "Why should we trust others to
look after our well-being?" is another. But too few are aware of the
dangers inherent in an all-powerful world government. And too few,
therefore, have been guarding against transferring U.S. military forces and
U.S. sovereignty to the United Nations.
The "New World Order"
In an exclusive interview published in the December 31, 1990/January 7,
1991 issue of U.S. News and World Report, President Bush called for "a
reinvigorated United Nations" that he hoped would bring about the "new
world order." What should be reinvigorated instead are the U.S. Declaration
of Independence and Constitution.
During a January 9, 1991 press conference, Mr. Bush said that the crisis in
the Middle East "has to do with a new world order [that] is only going to
be enhanced if this newly activated peacekeeping function of the United
Nations proves to be effective." Obviously, he considers our forces in the
Middle East to have been under the UN's peacekeeping jurisdiction. And
isn't it curious that this supposed "peace" organization's authority was
used in starting the war in the Middle East?
Then, in his January 19, 1991 speech to the nation, the President again
touted the "new world order," describing it as "an order in which a
credible United Nations can use its peacekeeping role to fulfill the
promise and vision of the UN's founders." He didn't remind anyone that the
UN's founders were communists, socialists, one-worlders, and starry-eyed
dreamers who would happily tear down the unique foundations of the United
States and replace them with the UN Charter.
What To Do To Save America
Answers to some of the questions we have already raised, and to others that
anyone reading this pamphlet must have, begin with an understanding of the
grip on America held by the Council on Foreign Relations. Mr. Bush, a
member of the CFR's Board of Directors as recently as 1979, can point to
more than 350 CFR members currently serving as U.S. Government officials. A
similar CFR dominance prevailed during the Reagan years and in several
previous administrations.
Current U.S. Officials holding membership in the CFR include Secretary of
Defense Cheney, National Security Advisor Scowcroft, Joint Chiefs Chairman
Powell, CIA Director Webster, and Deputy Secretary of State Eagleburger.
Don't expect any to block furtherentanglement of the United States in the
UN.
There are also 16 U.S. senators and a like number of U.S. representatives
who hold membership in this organization. Don't expect them to protect our
nation from UN domination.
Realize too, that practically nationally important organ of the news media
is led by a CFR member. Any senator or representative who wishes to receive
favor from the media goes along with subverting America to internationalist
goals. Any senator or representative who tries to keep our nation
independent runs the risk of having the media make him seem like a lunatic.
The great majority of the American people who value their freedom and their
nation's independence have to become informed and alarmed about the path
down which we are being taken. There will be no change without a rising
tide of indignation. And there will be no rising tide of indignation until
the frightening details about the ongoing subversion of this nation have
been placed in the hands of many more Americans.
Happily, there are reliable sources of information both about President
George Bush's commitment to his "new world order" and about the Council on
Foreign Relations itself. We highly recommend two books:
1. The Establishment's Man, by James J. Drummey, a tastefully written yet
devastating expose' of the political career of George Bush;
2. The Shadows of Power, by James Perloff, a history of the Council on
Foreign Relations taken from its own papers and publications.
The enemy is within the gates of our great land. Those who would deliver
out nation to a UN-controlled "new world order" have achieved great power
and influence. Whether they are stopped in time is up to individuals who
will read a pamphlet like this one, books like those recommended above, and
a great deal more information that is available to anyone. Once informed,
an American worthy of the name will work with others to throw the rascals
out of office, and, in the words of George Washington, "put none but
Americans" in charge of guarding this nation.
The following material was prepared and distributed by Bernadine Smith of
the Second Amendment Committee, P.O. Box 1776, Hanford,CA 93232, telephone
(209) 584-5209.
--------------------------------------
DO YOU WANT TO KNOW WHY PUBLIC OFFICIALS
ARE VOTING TO TAKE AWAY YOUR FIREARMS?
If you want to know why, go to your local library, no matter where you live
in the United States. Tell the librarian to show you where the United
States Code books are shelved. There are 25 books in the set. They are
reddish-brown in color. They are printed by the Government Printing Office
in Washington, DC. These hard-covered books are printed every 8-10 years.
They are updated with annual soft-back supplements each year until a new
hard-cover issue comes out. At the present time the 1988 hardbacks are on
library shelves.
OPEN VOLUME 9. The page numbers are in the center near the middle binding.
The section numbers are along the edges.
TURN TO PAGE 651. Here you will find Public Law 87-297 which calls for the
United States to eliminate its armed forces. This law was signed for the
United States in 1961. John F. Kennedy signed it and every president since
has worked to enact its provisions. The government knows you will not
approve which is why they want to take away your firearms. (This is Title
22 USC section 2551)
TURN TO PAGE 652. Here you will find the definition of what the government
means by "disarmament." The disarmament calls for the elimination of our
armed forces. It also calls for the elimination of weapons of all kinds.
(This is Title 22 USC 2552 (a)).
TURN TO PAGE 654. Here you will find it stated as item (a) "control,
reduction and elimination of armed forces..." and as Item (d)
"...Elimination of armed forces...". What you need to know is that your
armed forces are being eliminated from national control which, in turn,
wipes out our sovereignty as a nation. In two stages, we will have no more
army, no more navy, no more air force. In the third stage, we shall have a
"zero" military. Before Stage I closes, all citizen owned guns will be
banned. (This is Title 22 USC Section 2571 (a).
Public Law 87-297 is further explained in the State Department Document,
called Publication 7277. Your librarian can also furnish you a copy. Ask
the librarian to get you a copy of "The Blue Print for the Peace Race." It
is a 35 page booklet printed by the United States Arms Control and
Disarmament Agency as Publication No. 4 - General Series 3 - Released May,
1962. Publication No. 4 is the unabridged version of State Department
Document 7277.
Both of these booklets explain how our military is to be reduced to 2.1
million men. China and the Soviets are to be reduced to that level also. At
this point, we are at Stage I at which time we are to transfer (on a
permanent basis) one-half of our armed forces to be merged with the Russian
and Chinese armies. In Stage II the remaining one-half of our armed forces
is then turned over to this same Security Council of the United Nations.
The person in charge of the merged armies must, by agreement, always be a
Russian. The world's smaller nations turn 100% of their armies over to the
same under-secretary of the Security, Council in Stage II. President George
Bush and Admiral Wm. J. Crowe [have refered] to this process as being "in
transition."
TURN TO PAGE 655. On this page in Volume 9 of the United States Code, read
"Policy Formation." The directives there (written in 1963 to pacify
objectors) are supposedly to restrain anyone fromdisarmament, reducing or
limiting our armaments, or taking guns away from the people unless it is
pursuant to the treaty-making power of the president, or if it is
authorized by further legislation by the Congress. (This is title 22,
Section 2573.)
Every couple of years the House of Representatives votes to appropriate
funds for this on-going program. Since P.L. 87-297 was first passed into
law in 1961, there have been 18 updates to it - all bad - with no deletions
of these issues I lay before you now. The Congress knows that the plan
includes the policing of the United States by foreign troops. (The world
army they are forming.) The Congress is allowing our military bases to
beclosed down, except for those which will be used by the world army. You
will find that plan in Publication 7277 and in "The Blueprint for the Peace
Race."
If the president and Congress can promote a "Constitutional Convention" you
will find yourself with two new constitutions(communist in structure) which
in one states in Article VIII, Section 12: "No person shall bear arms or
possess lethal weapons except the police and members of the armed
forces...." TheCongress has praised these documents and is on record in
Senatehearings seeking ways to install these constitutions. Ask
yourlibrarian for "Revision of the United Nations Charter - Hearings Before
a Subcommittee (Foreign Relations) Feb. 2-20, 1950 U.S.Government Printing
Office." Nothing has changed since. Theyare still viable.
End of Second Amendment Committee written material
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The ultimate goal to be reached in Stage III of the disarmament process is
to "proceed to a point where no state [nation] would have the military
power to challenge the progressively strengthened U.N. Peace Force..."
Anyone who doubts the truthfulness of what has been presented here is free
to go to the library and go through the steps which have been outlined
above. While you are at it, look up PublicLaw 101-216.
State Department Publication 7277 is available in electronic form as file
PUB_7277.ZIP on at least the following bulletin boards:
Paul Revere - San Jose (408) 947-7800 or (408) 279-0872
The Rising Storm (408) 739-8693
If in future years your children or grandchildren ask why you allowed their
freedom to slip through your fingers, no one who has read this material
will be able to say; "if only I had known." Now that you have read this,
you know. The questionis; what are you going to do about it?
