I run into the same issue and subsequently found this blog and went
through every single suggestion provided so far but was not able to
resolve it.

Though, I finally figured it out and share it here in case someone else
gets the same trouble.

In my case, I only wanted to use "unoconv" on my headless (no X Server)
Ubuntu 11.04 (natty) chroot.
It took me many many hours. Therefore the sequence of steps outlined
below does not reflect what I have gone through but it shows the
relevant bits.

#Installed "unoconv"
$sudo apt-get install unoconv

#Run "unoconv"
$unoconv -f pdf mytext.txt
javaldx: Could not find a Java Runtime Environment! 
Please ensure that a JVM and the package libreoffice-java-common
is installed.
If it is already installed then try removing
~/.libreoffice/3/user/config/javasettings_Linux_*.xml
Error: Unable to connect or start own listener. Aborting.

#I followed the suggestion and installed "libreoffice-java-common" and
"openjdk-6-jre-headless".

#Run "unoconv"
$unoconv -f pdf mytext.txt

unoconv: UnoException during conversion: URL seems to be an unsupported
one.
The provided document cannot be converted to the desired format.

#Then I came across this debian bug 491456 discussion and followed the
suggestion to install
#"libreoffice-writer" "libreoffice-calc" "libreoffice-impress"

#Run "unoconv"
$unoconv -f pdf mytext.txt
Error: Unable to connect or start own listener. Aborting.

#Then I learned that (mentioned above in this thread) that the
LibreOffice process (soffice) needs to be running.
$ soffice
Failed to open display

#I didn't worry about this much and run the "unoconv" command again
$unoconv -f pdf mytext.txt
Error: Unable to connect or start own listener. Aborting.

#Eventually I figured out that the "soffice" process needs to be started
with the "-headless" and "-nofirststartwizard" parameters.
http://code.google.com/p/openmeetings/wiki/OpenOfficeConverter
Note: Make sure that you kill any previously started "soffice"
processes. To check this, run "ps -l | grep soffice".

$/usr/lib/libreoffice/program/soffice -headless -nofirststartwizard
-accept="socket,host=localhost,port=8100;urp;StarOffice.Service"

#Run "unoconv"
$unoconv -f pdf mytext.txt

Now, it worked. It successfully converted "mytext.txt" to "mytext.pdf".




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