Here's what I experienced was that after a distr-update which included libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:amd (from 2.30.7-1 to 2.30.8-1). I received the warning that the install was likely broken, and tried the recommendation (below) which failed. "/usr/lib/gdk-pixbuf-2.0/gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders > /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/gdk-pixbuf-2.0/2.10.0/loaders.cache"
The problem was that the command itself ('gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders') was broken. (If you open it, it will tell you it is is broken, can't save, failed sanity check, etc.) So in terminal mode, as I couldn't get a gui, I used dpkg-reconfigure libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:amd64 and for good measure dpkg-reconfigure gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0:amd64, rebooted, and voila back to normal. I hope this is helpful! Cheers!