>> > If Debian developers who are responsible for resolvconf are reading this,
>> > and if they actually CARE about making things work correctly and sensibly,
>> > then here is yet another proposal: give us a way to QUICKLY and EASILY
>> > and RELIABLY tell resolvconf "never do anything".
>>
>> Granted, it might be nice if resolvconf had an easier way to configure
>> a static setup, but as it is now packages that need to access
>> resolv.conf should do this through resolvconf if it is available, so
>> installing and configuring it *is* the right way to handle this.
> I must argue
> Who's saying it must be installed? Maybe I've missed something, but I think
> the consensus in this discussion was that if you want your resolv.conf to be
> unmanaged/static/administrator-controlled, then don't have resolvconf
> installed.
This is a ridiculous idea. This thread is about a user
> Is it correct to call branch prediction the same as speculative execution?
Not really: they're closely related yet different.
Stefan
>> With TLB cache and all that? Pretty impressive :)
> I am not sure about the 68010 and its separate MMU. But beginning with 68020
> there surely was memory space separation per process and cache memory in the
> CPU.
The 68020 didn't have an MMU on chip (it required a separate chip
(MC68851) if
> It was installed because CraftCMS depends on it :)
Care to give some details? E.g. *how* was it installed, then?
IIUC your system needs it, so the removal caused some breakage (which
is why you noticed the issue).
Normally APT only auto-removes packages which are marked as
"automatically
> ... where Linux (as an OS--yes, I see you coming from here)
We usually call it GNU/Linux,
Stefan
> I'm using XEmacs 21.4.24 and gnome-terminal 3.26.2 in sid. And I can't copy
> a text from the terminal and paste it into XEmacs. I have tried marking the
> text and then middle button; Shift-Ctrl-C and then right-button to get the
> 'paste' option; and some other combinations of these. Nothing
> Hello, I want to buy a old Sony compact digital camera which supports
> only Memory Stick, a removable flash memory card format, before buy it,
> I get its memory card to check is it supported under Linux or not.
FWIW, if you use a USB-connected card reader, then the physical media
doesn't
>> Funny thing is, this is what the versioning says on those pages:
>> Package: libmpfr4 (3.1.6-1)
>> Package: libmpfr6 (4.0.1-1)
>>
>> ...ok, that's strange. Even weirder, they are both built from the same
>> sources: mpfr-4.0.1-1.
Indeed, I find that odd.
I suspect that the "3.1.6-1" in the
> I can't find any evidence for that without being told where to look.
It was in the previous message:
https://packages.debian.org/sid/libmpfr4
https://packages.debian.org/sid/libmpfr6
>> Doesn't explain why one says "Package: libmpfr4 (3.1.6-1)" and the other
>> says
>> I'm of the opinion we're all running different machines with
>> different sets of software, and this explains that (could be wrong,
>> though).
> I was just -so- sure we all had the exact same installs.
All joking aside: I've been maintaining about 4-5 Debian machines, all
using Debian testing
> If you meant hplip drivers, which are available from Debian
> repository, then I wonder what actually makes them so much "from
> Debian"? IMHO, their avalability from Debian repository does not
> really make them particulary "Debian". They are still developed by HP
> or their development is
> Yes. The all-in-ones are terrible at that, proprietary software or not.
FWIW, the XSane thingy worked fairly well for me with my last all-in-one
(using the HP driver bundled with Debian). It definitely worked much
better than with the crappy software they provided for Windows (I got
the
> I used to own MFC 7460DN. I own currently HL-L2389DW wireless -e xcellent
> unit. Any of them work under Ubuntu, Debian (my current distro), Fedora,
> OpenSuse, etc. without a problem. Installation is a breeze. The drivers
> available on Brother website.
Wait, does that mean the printer is
> Note that these settings use PCL6 emulation. Models that lack PCL6 support
> may need proprietary Brother CUPS drivers. When I checked, these were only
> available for i386. When I switched to the foomatic PCL6 driver, I was able
> to ditch the i386 drivers and my entire i386 arch support. This
>> What is the recommended method for preventing grub from using UUIDs to
>> refer to filesystems in the current Debian stable distribution?
> One method for you use case it to put /boot or at least /boot/grub
> in a plain partition on the same disk as GRUB's core image.
Indeed, that's what I
> An alternative is org mode in Emacs if you have Emacs already
> installed. Simple spreadsheet capabilities in tables.
There's also SES, also part of Emacs (i.e. C-x C-f .ses RET should
get you started). And Emacs being what it is, there's also the Dismal
package, which you can install from
> I will agree that it increases the unpredictability of execution time,
> and if I wanted to guarantee I could meet deadlines I'd turn it off.
Turning it off may indeed improve predictability of execution time in
some cases. Especially if the various active threads have different
real-time
> You just seem to have Decided, for reasons known only to you, that
> The Character Length Of A String Is Not Useful. Despite literally
> decades of programs that have used strlen() in various ways.
strlen was mostly used in a context where char-length = byte-length =
display-width. Most of
> But (mis-)using it as a data serialization language must be one
> of the worst (and ugliest) misunderstandings IT has had the last
> 20 years.
UUIC that's partly why it's finally losing popularity and being replaced
with json for that use. I'm not familiar enough with json to know if
it's
> curty@einstein:~$ apt-cache search integration | grep continuous
> debci - continuous integration system for Debian
> debci-collector - continuous integration system for Debian (collector daemon)
> debci-worker - continuous integration system for Debian (worker daemon)
> trac-bitten - continuous
>> UUIC that's partly why it's finally losing popularity and being replaced
>> with json for that use. I'm not familiar enough with json to know if
>> it's really a good replacement, but it does look like an improvement.
> that is simply not true.
Did you read the text to which I was responding?
> Following is a bash script which challenges the disk's fidelity in
> respect to small writes on a relatively small file over a long time.
I see no indication *at all* from Gene's description that the problem
could have anything to do with the OS or the hardware.
My guess is rather that his
> Actually people saying mbox is a bad database are in principle right
> (I never liked maildir either: dumping metadata into file names seemed
> to me a bit disgusting too, but I disgress). But there's something
> special about mail databases which eases that a bit: records (i.e.
> mails) are
> And eventually the updates made to the file are not actually saved,
Can you be more precise than "eventually"?
More importantly: what makes you think they're not actually saved?
Stefan
>> > And eventually the updates made to the file are not actually saved,
>> Can you be more precise than "eventually"?
> Probably 100+ edits and saves over 4 or 5 hours.
>> More importantly: what makes you think they're not actually saved?
> Going to another shell and cat'ing the file shows the
>> A big, rapidly blinking BLOCK cursor would help these old eyes find
>> it a lot easier. But in 20 years thats fallen out of style, dammit.
100% idle state is important to reduce power consumption, so blinking
while otherwise idle is to be avoided in general, yes. But it's OK to
blink when
>> So the actual disk isn't to blame (cat'ing a file that was just saved
>> won't look at the disk anyway).
> Whats it look at 5+ minutes later?
Same difference: if `cat` can't see it, then the change hasn't been
received by the OS at all (even less so by the underlying disk).
> The file had not
> I have an extremely simple real-world litmus test which every system
> I've ever seen so far has failed:
>
> How do I set MAIL=$HOME/Maildir/ in the login environment of every
> user, regardless of their shell, or how they log in (console, ssh,
> X Display Manager, GNOME Display Manager,
>> > What is the length of a string?
>> When is that relevant?
> When you're trying to display one on a screen, or print one on paper.
To display a string you don't just need its length, you need the actual
bitmap representation, and getting info such as length is trivial once
you've rendered the
> I'm running with a 'nouveau.noaccel=1' kernel parameter added at hand
[...]
> Is there any way to deactivate and reactivate such a parameter without
> the need to reboot?
You can try and change it with
# echo 0 > /sys/modules//parameters/noaccel
-- Stefan
> My new 2TB HD just arrived. Old 1.5TB to be rescued, made in 2010, has
> 8 pending sectors reported by smartctl.
FWIW, there's a good chance that your old drive is still perfectly
usable: after backing up your data, a pass of overwriting the whole disk
(e.g. dd /dev/sdXX) will probably bring
> since my bank forced me to an upgrade to Firefox 58 I am runing into the
Just install UAControl (or any other such plugin that lets you control
your user-agent string) and keep using the version you prefer.
Stefan
> Can someone advise me of the best-practice way to completely disable
> Hibernation system-wide?
I don't know the "best-practice way" to do it, but a hackish way you can
do it is by adding
touch /var/run/do-not-hibernate
to your /etc/rc.local.
Stefan
>> probably do not support the hardware anymore). As new versions of Mac
>> OS are no longer supported on this computer, would it be possible to
>> install Debian Linux as the default OS on this machine
Without a doubt. Have you tried and encountered problems?
A trivial search for "install
Andy Smith writes:
I definitely stand by your recommendation of LVM and most of what you
said, but you seem to assume a "server" context, whereas we're talking
about a laptop, so there are a few differences:
> Seems excessive. Without service-specific data or /var, my servers
> generally use
For a while now I noticed that aptitude is very slow on one of my
machine (Thinkpad T61) running Debian testing. At first I thought it
was because its disk (a fairly old 120GB SSD) was suffering from some
kind of problem, so I replaced it with an almost new 240GB Samsung 840.
It seemed to bet
>> may i ask, based on the post I wrote starting this thread, what gives you
>> the impression that Firefox runs in a strict shell environment?
> There is a serious lack of clarity here. The subject header says
> "a low graphics environment". What in the hell does that even MEAN?
The
> However my main concern is with the linux partition. How can I migrate it?
> If I simply clone the linux partition from the old drive to the new drive,
> I fear something would go wrong, as the new drive is different and would
> require different drivers, missing in the original linux system.
I
> I was reading about swap recently and fell upon (like a sword) this
> remark from 2005 from Andrew Morton:
>
> Create the swapfile when the filesystem is young and empty, it'll be
> nice and contiguous. Once created the kernel will never add or
> remove blocks.
He's talking about swap
> "escalate" the call. Paypal I think, runs on linux.
You mean Android/Linux or GNU/Linux?
In any case, this is like saying that Toyota uses diesel-powered
vehicules to ship its cars (and parts), so of course its vehicules will
also accept diesel.
Stefan
> Well, I did specify in the subject line, low graphics environment. when
> I checked the link provided for browsh, and it referenced Firefox, I could
> not understand why it was suggested.
Because browsh renders its output in a text terminal (it uses Firefox
internally only). It's the only
> More for those using tools like links then tools like Firefox, because
> I only have access to Linux via a shell.
> Is there an alternative door to paypal, or a paypal alternative?
Tried browsh (https://www.brow.sh/)?
Stefan
>> I use LVM volumes for my swap space, which is yet another option, one
>> that can be grown and shrunk easily, online.
> You can resize a logical volume online, but AFAIK you cannot resize a swap
> area online (while in use) ;
Indeed, in the general case you'll need to do it like:
lvcreate
>> [ Sadly --resizefs doesn't work on a swap partition, AFAICT. ]
> Because there is no swap resizing tool.
There is no "online" swap resizing tool, but `mkswap` should work to
resize a (currently unused) swap.
Stefan
>>It seemed to bet better at first, but maybe it was just an impression.
>>In any case, now it's definitely very slow. Digging more into it,
>>I found out that part of the problem seems to be very slow writes to
>>the disk. I can reproduce tests where `dd`ing a 40MB file proceeds at
>>the
freedomfromr...@redchan.it writes:
[ blabla ]
I see you're probably new here: I think we need more info to be able to
help you; for example you might start by telling us which version of
Debian you're using,
Stefan
> [...]
>> >The benefit is that one cannot pinpoint the real attacker, of course.
>> Isn't the same benefit provided by just forging the source address ?
> If all the routers in the path play along... but then, they are all
> broken.
There's also the fact that all those RST packets can come from
> I've got 8 of them:
So you should be all set.
Stefan
> swapped it into was running the last stable rock solid for years.
>
> I am kind of lost. I cannot reproduce it at will. I know it is not the
> xserver, I know it is not the hardware, I know it is not the memory.
Usually/often/ideally a hard crash like you describe can only be caused
by either a
> it's android without the "I'd like to call home' parts, if you choose the
> bare install.
AFAIK the bare install will still call home: every time you connect to
a wifi network it performs an HTTP request to a Google server in order to
detect whether the local connection gives you access to the
> Must it be a tablet?
The main requirement on that side seems to be resistance to dust, so it
has to be fanless and ideally closed more or less hermetically, so
a non-mechanical keyboard is likely preferable as well.
I think mainline Linux support for some ARM SoCs has improved enough
that
> didn't find any for debian but maybe lineageos > https://lineageos.org/
LineageOS is nice, I strongly recommend it, BUT it is Android (just
a nicer distribution of Android), so it doesn't fit the requirements,
I think.
Stefan
> I've always wondered how Android (and Windows) "know" whether you're
> connected to the internet or not. I guess what you say make sense. Is
> this documented somewhere? Is there a way to change the HTTP request to
> some other host of your choosing?
Supposedly there is, but I haven't found one
>> AFAIK the bare install will still call home: every time you connect to
>> a wifi network it performs an HTTP request to a Google server in order to
>> detect whether the local connection gives you access to the internet or
>> not (and if not, it presumes it's a captive portal and offers you to
> They are different in shape, price, ruggedness and safety against
> inadverted overwriting.
Probably also in terms of ecological footprint, BTW.
Stefan
> "Energy"? Or "environmental externalities confounded?"
I remember it talking specifically about energy.
Stefan
> My hunch is that those chips are fairly expensive, ecologically, but
> where's the tipping point?
I remember reading somewhere that back around the turn of the century
a laptop's RAM chips needed about the same energy to produce as the
laptop's energy consumption during its lifetime. And AFAIK
>> yes indeed, unless those few blocks are part of a tar file :)
> Hm. Now there would be some utility for an error-correcting encoder
> as easy to use as gzip. Perusing the debian repos I do see some
> libraries made for that (reed-solomon and friends).
Indeed, e.g. `par2` (that's what `bup`
>> > "Energy"? Or "environmental externalities confounded?"
>> I remember it talking specifically about energy.
> Interesting.
Part of the discussion was about it being useless to recycle those
material 'cause most of the damage is in the form of energy used to put
those material in this
> 4 23.2GB 31.2GB 8000MB linux-swap(v1) swap
> 5 31.4GB 121GB 89.8GB ext4linux
Didn't use LVM? Too bad: that means there's a risk your new dirve and
partitions will get new identifiers so your fstab may need to be adjusted.
> Now, here is what I would perform:
>
>> 1- take out the old SSD and put it into an external reader that you can
>>connect via USB
> I think that's going to be difficult-to-expensive: it's not a
> SATA SSD, it connects through NVMe PCIe.
Really? I thought his old drive was SATA (hence his worries that his
new drive would need
>> Really? I thought his old drive was SATA (hence his worries that his
>> new drive would need new drivers).
> No, the old original drive is PCIe 3.0 x4 AHCI. The new one is PCIe 3.0
> x4 NVMe.
If we can't get the two drives connected to the same system at the same
time, I guess I'd use a third
>> > more research, I've concluded I have no need for LVM, but encryption
>> Side note: whether I need LVM or not, I just always use it.
> I never could understand that type of "reasoning." With me, if there's
> no NEED, it's not done. I'm very much the pragmatist.
Not sure if pragmatism has
> more research, I've concluded I have no need for LVM, but encryption
Side note: whether I need LVM or not, I just always use it.
It's just a much nicer option than partitions and UUIDs.
Stefan
>> BTW, am I the only one here bothered that his 250MB /boot partition
>> tends to fill up, even though a 500MB HDD was plenty to hold the whole
>> OS plus lots and lots of free space, on a 64bit workstation like the
>> original DEC Alphas?
> you may consider removing old images that you do not
> So, make /boot a big larger, say couple GiBs, and set data=journalled
BTW, am I the only one here bothered that his 250MB /boot partition
tends to fill up, even though a 500MB HDD was plenty to hold the whole
OS plus lots and lots of free space, on a 64bit workstation like the
original DEC
> BUT, /boot is kinda critical (thus "ext2 is simpler"), BUT "data
> journaled" actually might be most sensible for /boot - ext3/4 by
> default (AIUI) only journals metadata, so that the fs is at least
> readable/ sane from kernel perspective, but when booting, we REALLY
> want sane data to be
> That's a notification from Firefox that you're accessing a site that
> requires DRM. Since you have DRM turned off, you're going to get this
> notification. You could disable ALL notifications. Or don't access
> sites that require DRM.
It's too easy to click it by mistake.
I want to turn off
> Sorry not. While Elisp is a Lisp dialect, therefore is a language that
> has been formally proved to be equivalent to turing-machine, that is
> not certain for vimscript.
Vimscript may not be as elegant and powerful as Elisp, but there is no
doubt that it is Turing-complete (pretty much any
> No tengo idea de como hacerlo.
>
> seria algo asi como:
>
> dd if=/dev/sda | pv | dd of=/home/knoppix/disco/imgwindows7x.img
> count=43010047
Al parecer sí tenés idea: me parece correcto.
En cualquier caso, podés probarlo, no le va hacer mal a nada.
Stefan
>> I use vim.
> I use crispr!
I was tempted to try it out, but I heard it only handles
a 4-char alphabet. How do you handle accents?
Stefan
> And, for people coming from Windows, EMACS (at least before a WYSIWYG / mouse
> version (which I think exists now
Not sure what you mean by "now", but assuming you mean a time after
1994, then yes it exists "now".
Stefan
>> Not completely sure if "you assume" or "you know" it to be the case.
> Sorry, I should have tried to be more clear -- sort of a digression, but I
> came from an environment where anytime someone used the word assume, someone
> else would point out what (they thought) that meant (it makes an
> When I use "apt source sl" (from sid, into its own directory) and compare
> that tree (?) with what I get if I download via what that suggests (git
> clone https://salsa.debian.org/debian/sl.git) (into its own directory), I
> notice that the Makefile in the Debian version is slightly
> more
>>nofail is intended for removable drives that could be missing on boot,
>>such as Thinkpad ultrabay drives/CF or SD cards.
> It is also, as he said, useful if you don't want a failure of
> a non-essential disk to make the system drop to single user on boot.
Yup. `nofail` corresponds to the
> Sorry for being so clear, but I feel strongly about mail: it's the last
> means of communication left where I have the choice of client software,
Mostly true. It does suffer from a terrible design w.r.t encryption, tho.
The other existing mediums (with a choice of clients) I'm aware of are
> What do I need to do in the NetworkManager VPN configuration, to ensure
> that when I've enabled that VPN it will apply to internet addresses but
> not local non-routable LAN addresses?
AFAIK this happens automatically by default (because the system is
normally configured with the VPN as the
> Does it help understanding what I'm trying to do?
It just confirms what I guessed. Did you try my suggestion?
Stefan
> While bearing in mind that 'free' doesn't mean 'problem-free'.
> Remember how many people audited the Heartbleed code before it was
> released?
Indeed. But it doesn't take more time to update openssl than to update
a virus scanner.
Stefan
> Starting assumption: I do want to run A/V.
You have it: it's called `apt` (i.e. in the world of Debian, the
response to "viruses" is to plug the hole they try to exploit, instead
of leaving those holes gaping while wasting resources trying to look for
known attacks).
> * (Clamscan already
> Ip range on server a: 172.17.232.0/24
> IP range on server b: 192.168.3.0/24
That's very vague.
But I'll assume that your "server b" has an address 172.17.232.NN
on one network interface and 192.168.3.1 on another.
> If I enable MASQUERADING on server b everything works as expected but as
>
> Not that I'm aware of. The thing is - instead of taking an insecure OS
> and building assorted kludges (in the form of anti-virus) around it,
> it's considered wise here to use a secure OS from the beginning.
This is misleading: all OSes are somewhat insecure, in practice.
The question is what
> I think the premises of your syllogism might lead some to another
> conclusion---that the livelihood of the AV software houses depends upon
> the innate insecurity of the Windows OS.
Hmm... they don't actually need that: they only need people to
think that they're vulnerable (regardless if
> OP has a point though. The real world happens to have a huge amount of
> heterogeneous networks, and asking for tools to keep those systems safe
> is legitimate.
I did not perceive the OP's request to be about the case where you
administer lots of machines and you want to use a Debian machine
> There is a spectrum of Windows software than runs between evil malware
> and legitimate programs, it isn't just black and white, and many
Agreed, but I doubt A/V software will know where to draw the line.
Stefan
> re: apt solving all? I understand it recently had a long-time vulnerability
> itself...
> Linux will get hit more as it gets more popular.
My point is not that APT and/or Debian is bullet-proof (I live under no
delusion in this respect). Just that instead of keeping your A/V
up-to-date, the
> results. I do remember that cached reads were about 1.1 GB/s for both
> the old and the new SSD after the slowness started.
FWIW, the "cached read" speed of hdparm doesn't have much to do with the
SSD (it reads from the in-RAM cache, not from the in-"disk" cache, AFAIK).
Stefan
> Since it was the industry standard for "sneakernet" file
> transfer for over a decade, I don't think it's a strange use case.
> What did I miss?
The two decades that passed by since? ;-)
Especially since the media was notoriously unreliable back then and it
probably hasn't gotten better with
> I got myself a USB 3.5" disk drive and want to format a 3.5" HD disk
> so that it Just Works™ as a standard MS-DOS floppy.
Reading the manpage of mkfs.fat gives me the impression that
mkfs.fat /dev/sdc
should do the trick. Have you tried?
Stefan
> Would anybody care to voice an opinion on USB external hard drives in the
> 2 terabyte size range, for automated backup purposes?
I personally use my external HDDs without enclosures.
I.e. I use a USB<->SATA adapter
(e.g.
> Anyway, I edit large files many times a day and try to save it at each
> edit or partial edit (at a guess, one particular file is around 100
> MB, and I may save it 200 or more times a day).
So, we're looking in the order of 100GB / day.
> 1. I'd like to count how many times a day I actually
> $ getcap /bin/ping
> /bin/ping = cap_net_raw+ep
BTW, if these caps are missing you can recover them with:
dpkg-reconfigure iputils-ping
-- Stefan
> If the filesystem and the volume manager both agree on 4GB, I don't
> know where df is getting the notion that it's 3GB. It seems very
Sure looks like a bug. I think reporting it as a bug to the ext234
people is The Right Thing to do.
Stefan
> For good description of the problem (unpredictable names) and the logic
> behind the chosen solution:
>> https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames/
The one thing I can't understand is why we still don't have "network
interface aliases" (equivalent to
>>The one thing I can't understand is why we still don't have "network
>>interface aliases" (equivalent to symlinks), so that systemd can name my
>>interface enp2s0 *and* eth0 instead of having to choose between those
>>two, just like it has no problem naming my SSD /dev/sda and
> I was finally able to find an app which does what I want
> (https://www.nikse.dk/subtitleedit/)
Any chance this can be packaged for Debian?
Stefan
> The klystron had one major flaw that proved Einstein was right when he
> wrote E=MV2.
Hmm... isn't E=MV² the kinetic formula from classical mechanics, whereas
Einstein's similarly-sounding formula is E=MC² where speed doesn't enter
the picture?
> beam. So this beam was moving fast enough that
>> Most of those ARM SBCs come with a µSD slot plus other things.
>> Even if you connect a SATA disk, you'll often need a µSD because some
>> of those SBCs don't have any on-board flash memory, so you need the µSD
>> to hold the U-Boot (which plays the role of the BIOS) without which the
>> board
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