Hello everyone since I like this league as well as the NFL and NCAA I
pulled up information about Canadian football from Wikipedia so here is
the information I got.
Canadian football
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Football in Canada" redirects here. For the article about association
football in Canada, see Soccer in Canada.
Canadian football
Canadian football positions.jpg
The University of Alberta Golden Bears (at left, in white) line up on
offence against the University of Calgary Dinos.
Highest governing body
Canadian Football League
Nickname(s)
Football, Gridiron football
First played
November 9, 1861
Characteristics
Contact
Full-contact
Team members
12 at a time
Categorization
Outdoor
Equipment
Football
Olympic
No
File:Canadian_football_field
Diagram of a Canadian football field
File:CFL_footballs_and_helmet
Footballs and a helmet at a CFL team practice
Canadian football is a form of gridiron football played almost
exclusively in Canada in which two teams of 12 players each compete for
territorial control of a field of play 110 yards (101 m) long and 65
yards (59 m) wide[1] attempting to advance a pointed prolate spheroid
ball into the opposing team's scoring area (end zone). In Canada, the
term football usually refers to Canadian football and American football
collectively, or either sport specifically, depending on the context.
The two sports have shared origins and are closely related, but have
significant differences—in particular, 12 players on the field per team
in Canadian football rather than 11, and three downs per possession
rather than four. The fewer number of downs in Canadian football results
in less offensive rushing than in the American game.
Rugby football in Canada had its origins in the early 1860s,[2] and over
time, the unique game known as Canadian football developed. Both the
Canadian Football League (CFL), the sport's top professional league, and
Football Canada, the governing body for amateur play, trace their roots
to 1884 and the founding of the Canadian Rugby Football Union. Currently
active teams such as the Toronto Argonauts and Hamilton Tiger-Cats have
similar longevity. The CFL is the most popular and only major
professional Canadian football league. Its championship game, the Grey
Cup, is the country's single largest sporting event and is watched by
nearly half of Canada's population.[3] Canadian football is also played
at the high school, junior, collegiate, and semi-professional levels:
the Canadian Junior Football League and Quebec Junior Football League
are leagues for players aged 18–22, many post-secondary institutions
compete in Canadian Interuniversity Sport for the Vanier Cup, and senior
leagues such as the Alberta Football League have grown in popularity in
recent years. Great achievements in Canadian football are enshrined in
the Canadian Football Hall of Fame.
Other organizations across Canada perform senior league Canadian
football during the summer.
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 League play
3 The field
4 Play of the game
4.1 Kickoff
4.2 Stoppage of play
4.3 Scrimmage
4.4 Live play
4.5 Change in possession
4.6 Rules of contact
4.7 Infractions and penalties
4.8 Kicking
4.9 Scoring
4.9.1 Resumption of play
4.10 Game timing
4.11 Overtime
5 Players
5.1 Offence
5.2 Defence
5.3 Special teams
6 See also
7 Notes and references
8 External links
History
Wiki letter w cropped.svg
This section requires expansion.
The first documented gridiron football match was a game played on
November 9, 1861, at University College, University of Toronto
(approximately 400 yards west of Queen's Park). One of the participants
in the game involving University of Toronto students was (Sir) William
Mulock, later Chancellor of the school. A football club was formed at
the university soon afterward, although its rules of play at this stage
are unclear.[2]
In 1864, at Trinity College, Toronto, F. Barlow Cumberland and Frederick
A. Bethune devised rules based on rugby football. However, modern
Canadian football is widely regarded as having originated with a game of
rugby played in Montreal, in 1865, when British Army officers played
local civilians.[2] The game gradually gained a following, and the
Montreal Football Club was formed in 1868, the first recorded
non-university football club in Canada.
This rugby-football soon became popular at Montreal's McGill University.
McGill challenged Harvard University to a game, in 1874.[4]
Predecessors of the Canadian Football League include the Canadian Rugby
Football Union (CRFU), and the Canadian Rugby Union. The CRFU, original
forerunner to the current Canadian Football League, was established in 1882.
File:Ottawa_and_Hamilton_Tigers_football_game_5
A game between the Hamilton Tigers and an unknown Ottawa team, 1910
File:Football_game_between_the_4th_Canadian_Armoured_Division_Atoms_and_the_1st_Canadian_Army_Red_and_Blue_Bombers
A game between the 4th Canadian Armoured Division Atoms and 1st Canadian
Army Red and Blue Bombers, in Utrecht, Netherlands, October 1945
File:Statute_touchdown_cfhof
Touchdown monument outside the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in
Hamilton, Ontario
League play
This section does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable
sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2010)
Canadian football is played at several levels in Canada. The
professional league in which the sport is played is the eight-team
Canadian Football League (CFL), and its champion is awarded the Grey
Cup, the oldest trophy in professional football,[citation needed]. The
CFL regular season begins in June, and playoffs are completed by
mid-November. In cities with outdoor stadiums such as Calgary, Edmonton,
Winnipeg, Montreal, Hamilton, and Regina, low temperatures and icy field
conditions can seriously affect the outcome of a game.
Amateur football is governed by Football Canada. At the university
level, 27 teams play in four conferences under the auspices of Canadian
Interuniversity Sport; the CIS champion is awarded the Vanier Cup.
Junior football is played by many after high school before joining the
university ranks. There are 20 junior teams in three divisions in the
Canadian Junior Football League competing for the Canadian Bowl. The
Quebec Junior Football League includes teams from Ontario and Quebec who
battle for the Manson Cup.
Semi-professional leagues have grown in popularity in recent years, with
the Alberta Football League becoming especially popular. The Northern
Football Conference formed in Ontario in 1954 has also surged in
popularity as College players that do not continue to or get drafted to
a professional team but still want to continue playing football. The
Ontario champion plays against the Alberta Football league champion for
the "National Championship". The Canadian Major Football League is the
governing body for the semi-professional game.
The field
File:Commonwealth_Stadium,_Edmonton,_August_2005
Edmonton's Commonwealth Stadium: the largest venue in the Canadian
Football League
The Canadian football field is 110 yards (101 m) long and 65 yards (59
m) wide with end zones 20 yards (18 m) deep. At each goal line is a set
of 40-foot-high (12 m) goalposts, which consist of two uprights joined
by an 181⁄2-foot-long (5.6 m) crossbar which is 10 feet (3 m) above the
goal line. The goalposts may be H-shaped (both posts fixed in the
ground) although in the higher-calibre competitions the tuning-fork
design (supported by a single curved post behind the goal line, so that
each post starts 10 feet (3 m) above the ground) is preferred. The sides
of the field are marked by white sidelines, the goal line is marked in
white, and white lines are drawn laterally across the field every 5
yards (4.6 m) from the goal line.[1] These lateral lines are called
"yard lines" and are marked with the distance in yards from the nearest
goal line, except for the yard line in the centre of the field, which is
usually marked with a "C" for "Centre line" ."Hash marks" are painted in
white, parallel to the yardage lines, at 1 yard (1 m) intervals, 24
yards (22 m) from the sidelines.
On fields that have a surrounding running track, such as Commonwealth
Stadium, Molson Stadium, and many universities, the endzones are often
cut off in the corners to accommodate the track.
Play of the game
Question book-new.svg
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Teams advance across the field through the execution of quick, distinct
plays, which involve the possession of a brown, prolate spheroid ball
with ends tapered to a point. The ball has two one-inch-wide white stripes.
Kickoff
Play begins with one team place-kicking the ball from its own 35-yard
line. Both teams then attempt to catch the ball. The player who recovers
the ball may run while holding the ball, or lateral throw the ball to a
teammate.
Stoppage of play
Play stops when the ball carrier's knee, elbow, or any other body part
aside from the feet and hands, is forced to the ground (a tackle); when
a forward pass is not caught on the fly (during live play); when a
touchdown (see below) or a field goal is scored; when the ball leaves
the playing area by any means (being carried, thrown, or fumbled out of
bounds); or when the ball carrier is in a standing position but can no
longer move. If no score has been made, the next play starts from scrimmage.
Scrimmage
Before scrimmage, an official places the ball at the spot it was at the
stop of clock, but no nearer than 24 yards from the sideline or 1 yard
from the goal line. The line parallel to the goal line passing through
the ball (line from sideline to sideline for the length of the ball) is
referred to as the line of scrimmage. This line is a sort of "no-man's
land"; players must stay on their respective sides of this line until
the play has begun again. For a scrimmage to be valid the team in
possession of the football must have seven players, excluding the
quarterback, within one yard of the line of scrimmage. The defending
team must stay a yard or more back from the line of scrimmage.
Live play
File:Anthony_Calvillo_game_action,_93rd_Grey_Cup
Montreal Alouettes quarterback Anthony Calvillo looks down field with
the ball during the 93rd Grey Cup game at BC Place.
On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11
in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence
and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a
backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive
team, to the quarterback or punter. If the quarterback or punter
receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:
•run with the ball, attempting to run farther down field (gaining
yardage). The ball-carrier may run in any direction he sees fit
(including backwards).
•drop-kick the ball, dropping it onto the ground and kicking it on the
bounce. (This play is exceedingly rare in both Canadian and American
football, although in the Canadian game it is sometimes used as a
last-second "desperation play" if the team is behind by less than three
points.)
•pass the ball laterally or backwards to a teammate. This play is known
as a lateral, and may come at any time on the play. A pass which has any
amount of forward momentum is a forward pass (see below); forward passes
are subject to many restrictions which do not apply to laterals.
•hand-off—hand the ball off to a teammate, typically a halfback or the
fullback.
•punt the ball; dropping it in the air and kicking it before it touches
the ground. When the ball is punted, only opposing players (the
receiving team), the kicker, and anyone behind the kicker when he punted
the ball are able to touch the ball, or even go within five yards of the
ball until it is touched by an eligible player (the No Yards rule, which
is applied to all kicking plays).
•place the ball on the ground for a place kick
•throw a forward pass, where the ball is thrown to a receiver located
farther down field (closer to the opponent's goal) than the thrower is.
Forward passes are subject to the following restrictions:
•They must be made from behind the line of scrimmage
•Only one forward pass may be made on a play
•The pass must be made in the direction of an eligible receiver or pass
10 yards after the line of scrimmage
Each play constitutes a down. The offence must advance the ball at least
ten yards towards the opponents' goal line within three downs or forfeit
the ball to their opponents. Once ten yards have been gained the offence
gains a new set of three downs (rather than the four downs given in
American football). Downs do not accumulate. If the offensive team
completes 10 yards on their first play, they lose the other two downs
and are granted another set of three. If a team fails to gain ten yards
in two downs they usually punt the ball on third down or try to kick a
field goal (see below), depending on their position on the field. The
team may, however use its third down in an attempt to advance the ball
and gain a cumulative 10 yards.
Change in possession
The ball changes possession in the following instances:
•If the offence scores a field goal, the scoring team must kickoff from
their own 35-yard line.[5]
•If the offence scores a touchdown, the scoring team must kickoff from
their own 35-yard line. This also applies when the defence scores on a
turnover which is returned for a touchdown—technically, they become the
offence until the conclusion of the play, and the scoring team must
still kickoff.
•If the defence scores on a safety (bringing the ball down in the
offence's own end zone), they have the right to claim possession.
•If one team kicks the ball; the other team has the right to recover the
ball and attempt a return. If a kicked ball goes out of bounds, or the
kicking team scores a single or field goal as a result of the kick, the
other team likewise gets possession.
•If the offence fails to make ten yards in three plays, the defence
takes over on downs.
•If the offence attempts a forward pass and it is intercepted by the
defence; the defence takes possession immediately (and may try and
advance the ball on the play). Note that incomplete forward passes
(those which go out of bounds, or which touch the ground without being
first cleanly caught by a player) result in the end of the play, and are
not returnable by either team.
•If the offence fumbles (a ball carrier drops the football, or has it
dislodged by an opponent, or if the intended player fails to catch a
lateral pass or a snap from centre, or a kick attempt is blocked by an
opponent), the ball may be recovered (and advanced) by either team. If a
fumbled ball goes out of bounds, the team whose player last touched it
is awarded possession at the spot where it went out of bounds. A fumble
by the offence in their own end zone, which goes out of bounds, results
in a safety.
•When the first half ends, the team which kicked to start the first half
may receive a kickoff to start the second half.
Rules of contact
There are many rules to contact in this type of football. First, the
only player on the field who may be legally tackled is the player
currently in possession of the football (the ball carrier). Second, a
receiver, that is to say, an offensive player sent down the field to
receive a pass, may not be interfered with (have his motion impeded, be
blocked, etc.) unless he is within one yard of the line of scrimmage
(instead of 5 yards (4.6 m) in American football). Any player may block
another player's passage, so long as he does not hold or trip the player
he intends to block. The kicker may not be contacted after the kick but
before his kicking leg returns to the ground (this rule is not enforced
upon a player who has blocked a kick), and the quarterback, having
already thrown the ball, may not be hit or tackled.
Infractions and penalties
Infractions of the rules are punished with penalties, typically a loss
of yardage of 5, 10 or 15 yards against the penalized team. Minor
violations such as offside (a player from either side encroaching into
scrimmage zone before the play starts) are penalized five yards, more
serious penalties (such as holding) are penalized 10 yards, and severe
violations (such as face-masking) of the rules are typically penalized
15 yards. Depending on the penalty, the penalty yardage may be assessed
from the original line of scrimmage, the spot the violation occurred
(for example, for a pass interference infraction), or the place the ball
ended after the play. Penalties on the offence may, or may not, result
in a loss of down; penalties on the defence may result in a first down
being automatically awarded to the offence. For particularly severe
conduct, the game official(s) may eject players (ejected players may be
substituted for), or in exceptional cases, declare the game over and
award victory to one side or the other. Penalties do not affect the yard
line which the offence must reach in order to reach first down (unless
the penalty results in a first down being awarded); if a penalty against
the defence results in the first down yardage being attained, then the
offence is awarded a first down.
Penalties may occur before a play starts (such as offsides), during the
play (such as holding), or in a dead-ball situation (such as
unsportsmanlike conduct).
Penalties never result in a score for the offence. For example, a
point-of-foul infraction committed by the defence in their end zone is
not ruled a touchdown, but instead advances the ball to the one-yard
line with an automatic first down. For a distance penalty, if the
yardage is greater than half the distance to the goal line, then the
ball is advanced half the distance to the goal line, though only up to
the one-yard line (unlike American football, in Canadian football no
scrimmage may start inside either one-yard line). If the original
penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball
past the goal line, a first down is awarded.
In most cases, the non-penalized team will have the option of declining
the penalty; in which case the results of the previous play stand as if
the penalty had not been called. One notable exception to this rule is
if the kicking team on a 3rd down punt play is penalized before the kick
occurs: the receiving team may not decline the penalty and take over on
downs. After the kick is made, change of possession occurs and
subsequent penalties are assessed against either the spot where the ball
is caught, or the runback.
Kicking
Canadian football distinguishes three ways of kicking the ball:
•Place kick
Kicking a ball held on the ground by a teammate, or, on a kickoff
(resuming play following a score), placed on a tee.
•Drop kick
Kicking a ball after bouncing it on the ground. Although rarely used
today, it has the same status in scoring as a place kick. This play is
part of the game's rugby heritage, and was largely made obsolete when
the ball with pointed ends was adopted. Unlike the American game,
Canadian rules allow a drop kick to be attempted at any time by any
player, but the move is very rare.
•Punt
Kicking the ball after it has been released from the kicker's hand and
before it hits the ground. Punts may not score a field goal, even if one
should travel through the uprights. As with drop kicks, players may punt
at any time.
On punts and field goal attempts (but not kickoffs), members of the
kicking team, other than the kicker and any teammates who are onside
(behind the kicker at the time of the kick), may not approach within
five yards of the ball until it has been touched by the receiving team.
Scoring
The methods of scoring are:
•Touchdown
Achieved when the ball is in possession of a player in the opponent's
goal area, or when the ball in the possession of a player crosses or
touches the plane of the opponent's goal-line, worth 6 points (5 points
until 1956). A touchdown in Canadian football is often referred to as a
"major score" or simply a "major."
•Conversion (or Convert)
After a touchdown, the team that scored attempts one scrimmage play from
any point between the hash marks on or outside the opponents' 5-yard
line. If they make what would normally be a field goal, they score one
point; what would normally be a touchdown scores two points (a
"two-point conversion"). No matter what happens on the convert attempt,
play then continues with a kickoff (see below).
•Field goal
Scored by a drop kick or place kick (except on a kickoff) when the ball,
after being kicked and without again touching the ground, goes over the
cross bar and between the goal posts (or between lines extended from the
top of the goal posts) of the opponent's goal, worth three points. If
the ball hits the upright above the cross-bar before going through, it
is not considered a dead ball, and the points are scored. (Rule 5, Sect
4, Art 4(d))
•Safety
Scored when the ball becomes dead in the possession of a team in its own
goal area, or when the ball touches or crosses the dead-line, or
side-line-in-goal and touches the ground, a player, or some object
beyond these lines as a result of the team scored against making a play.
It is worth two points. This is different from a single (see below) in
that the team scored against begins with possession of the ball. The
most common safety is on a third down punt from the end zone, in which
the kicker decides not to punt and keeps the ball in his team's own goal
area. The ball is then turned over to the receiving team (who gained the
two points), by way of a kickoff from the 25 yard line or scrimmaging
from the 35-yard (32 m) line on their side of the field.
•Single
Scored when the ball becomes dead in the possession of a team in its own
goal area, or when the ball touches or crosses the dead-line, or
side-line-in-goal, and touches the ground, a player, or some object
beyond these lines as a result of the ball having been kicked from the
field of play into the goal area by the scoring team. It is worth one
point. This is different from a Safety (see above) in that team scored
against receives possession of the ball after the score.
Officially, the single is called a rouge (French for "red") but is often
referred to as a single. The exact derivation of the term is unknown,
but it has been thought that in early Canadian football, the scoring of
a single was signalled with a red flag.
Resumption of play
Resumption of play following a score is conducted under procedures which
vary with the type of score.
•Following a touchdown and convert attempt (successful or not), play
resumes with the scoring team kicking off from its own 35-yard line
(45-yard line in amateur leagues).
•Following a field goal, the non-scoring team may choose for play to
resume either with a kickoff as above, or by scrimmaging the ball from
its own 35-yard line.
•Following a safety, the scoring team may choose for play to resume in
either of the above ways, or it may choose to kick off from its own
35-yard line.
•Following a single or rouge, play resumes with the non-scoring team
scrimmaging from its own 35-yard line, unless the single is awarded on a
missed field goal, in which case the non-scoring team scrimmages from
either the 35-yard line or the yard line from which the field goal was
attempted, whichever is greater.
Game timing
The game consists of two 30-minute halves, each of which is divided into
two 15-minute quarters. The clock counts down from 15:00 in each
quarter. Timing rules change when there are three minutes remaining in a
half. A short break interval occurs after the end of each quarter (a
longer break at halftime), and the two teams then change goals.
In the first 27 minutes of a half, the clock stops when:
•points are scored,
•the ball goes out of bounds,
•a forward pass is incomplete,
•the ball is dead and a penalty flag has been thrown,
•the ball is dead and teams are making substitutions (e.g., possession
has changed, punting situation, short yardage situation),
•the ball is dead and a player is injured, or
•the ball is dead and a captain calls a time-out.
The clock starts again when the referee determines the ball is ready for
scrimmage, except for team time-outs (where the clock starts at the
snap), after a time count foul (at the snap) and kickoffs (where the
clock starts not at the kick but when the ball is first touched after
the kick).
In the last three minutes of a half, the clock stops whenever the ball
becomes dead. On kickoffs, the clock starts when the ball is first
touched after the kick. On scrimmages, when it starts depends on what
ended the previous play. The clock starts when the ball is ready for
scrimmage except that it starts on the snap when on the previous play
•the ball was kicked off,
•the ball was punted,
•the ball changed possession,
•the ball went out of bounds,
•there were points scored,
•there was an incomplete forward pass,
•there was a penalty applied (not declined), or
•there was a team time-out.
The clock does not run during convert attempts in the last three minutes
of a half. If the 15 minutes of a quarter expire while the ball is live,
the quarter is extended until the ball becomes dead. If a quarter's time
expires while the ball is dead, the quarter is extended for one more
scrimmage. A quarter cannot end while a penalty is pending: after the
penalty yardage is applied, the quarter is extended one scrimmage. Note
that the non-penalized team has the option to decline any penalty it
considers disadvantageous, so a losing team cannot indefinitely prolong
a game by repeatedly committing penalties.
Overtime
In the CFL, if the game is tied at the end of regulation play, then each
team is given an equal number of chances to break the tie. A coin toss
is held to determine which team will take possession first; the first
team scrimmages the ball at the opponent's 35-yard line and advances
through a series of downs until it scores or loses possession. If the
team scores a touchdown, starting with the 2010 season, it is required
to attempt a 2-point conversion.[6] The other team then scrimmages the
ball at the same 35-yard line and has the same opportunity to score.
After the teams have completed their possessions, if one team is ahead,
then it is declared the winner; otherwise, the two teams each get
another chance to score, scrimmaging from the other 35-yard line. After
this second round, if there is still no winner, during the regular
season the game ends as a tie. In a playoff or championship game, the
teams continue to attempt to score from alternating 35-yard lines, until
one team is leading after both have had an equal number of possessions.
In Canadian Interuniversity Sport football, for the Uteck Bowl, Mitchell
Bowl, and Vanier Cup, the same overtime procedure is followed until
there is a winner.
Players
File:Canadian_football_positions
running
back
quarter-
back
slot-
back
slot-
backs
offensive
line
wide
receiver
wide
receiver
defensive
line
line-
backers
umpire
corner-
back
defensive
back
defensive
backs
corner-
back
The University of Alberta Golden Bears (yellow and white, offence) are
first-and-ten at their 54-yard (49 m) line against the Calgary Dinos
(red and black, defence) in a CIS football game at McMahon Stadium in
2006. The twelve players of each side and the umpire (one of seven
officials) are shown. The Golden Bears are in a one-back offence with
five receivers.
Offence
The offensive positions found in Canadian football have, for the most
part, evolved throughout the years, and are not officially defined in
the rules. However, among offensive players, the rules recognize three
different types of players:
•Down linemen
Down linemen are players who, at the start of every play, line up at the
line of scrimmage; once in their stance they may not move until the play
begins. The offence must have at least seven players lined up at the
line of scrimmage on every play. The exception to this rule is the
player (typically the centre) who snaps the ball to the quarterback.
Linemen generally do not run with the ball (unless they recover it on a
fumble) or receive a hand-off or lateral pass, but there is no rule
against it. Interior linemen (that is, excluding the two players at
either end of the scrimmage line) are ineligible receivers; they may not
receive a forward pass either. (The two offensive ends on the line of
scrimmage may receive forward passes.)
•Backs
Backs line up behind the linemen; they may run with the ball, receive
handoffs, laterals, and forward passes. They may also be in motion
before the play starts.
Specific offensive positions include:
•Backs/Receivers
•Quarterback
Generally the leader of the offence. Calls all plays to teammates,
receives the ball off of snap, and initiates the action usually by
running the ball himself, passing the ball to a receiver, or handing the
ball off to another back.
•Fullback
Multiple roles including pass protection, receiving, and blocking for
the running back. On short yardage situations may also carry the ball.
•Running back/Tailback
As the name implies, the main runner on the team. Also an eligible
receiver and blocker on pass plays.
•Wide receiver
Lines up on the line of scrimmage, usually at a distance from the
centre. Runs down the field in order to catch a forward pass from the
quarterback.
•Slotback
Similar to the wide receiver, but lines up closer to the offensive line.
•Down linemen
•Centre
Snaps the ball to the quarterback. Most important pass blocker on pass
plays. Calls offensive-line plays.
•Left/right guard
Stands to the left and right of the centre helps protect the
quarterback, Usually very good run blockers to open holes up the middle
for runners.
•Left/right tackle
Stands on the ends of the offensive line, The biggest men on the line,
usually well over 300 pounds (140 kg). Usually very good pass blockers.
•Offensive lineman
Collective name for centre, guards, and tackles.
Defence
The rules do not constrain how the defence may arrange itself (other
than the requirement that they must remain one yard behind the line of
scrimmage until the play starts).
•Cornerback
Covers the wide receivers on most plays.
•Safety
Covers deep. Last line of defence, can offer run support or blitz.
•Defensive halfback
Covers the slotback and helps contain the run from going to the outside.
•Defensive back
Collective term for cornerback, safety, and defensive halfback.
•Nose tackle
Lineman across from centre, tries to get past the offensive-line or take
double team and open holes for blitzes.
•Defensive tackle
Inside defensive linemen try to break through the offensive line and
open holes for linebackers.
•Defensive end
Main rushing lineman. Rushes the quarterback and try to contain rushers
behind the line of scrimmage.
•Middle linebacker
Lines up across from the centre 3 to 4 yards (3.7 m) back. Quarterback
of the defence. Calls plays for lineman and linebackers.
•Weak-side linebacker
Lines up on the short side of field, and can drop into pass coverage or
contain.
•Strong-side linebacker
Lines up on the opposite side and usually rushes.
Special teams
Special teams generally refers to kicking plays, which typically involve
a change in possession.
•Holder
Receives the snap on field goal tries and converts; places the ball in
position and holds it to be kicked by the kicker. This position is
generally filled by a reserve quarterback; occasionally the starting
quarterback or punter will fill in as holder.
•Kicker
Kicks field goals, converts, kick-offs
•Punter
Punts ball, usually on third downs
•Returners
Fast, agile runners who specialize in fielding punts and kickoffs,
attempting to advance them for better field position or a score.
See also
File:Canadian_football
Canadian football portal
File:313px-CanadaSoccer
Sport in Canada portal
•Comparison of American and Canadian football
•Glossary of Canadian football
•List of Gridiron football teams in Canada
Notes and references
1.^ a b Table of exact conversions
yards
1
5
6 1⁄6
10
13 1⁄3
15
20
24
25
30
35
40
45
65
110
feet
3
15
18 1⁄2
30
40
45
60
72
75
90
105
120
135
195
330
metres
0.9144
4.572
5.6388
9.144
12.192
13.716
18.288
21.9456
22.86
27.432
32.004
36.576
41.148
59.436
100.584
2.^ a b c "Timeline 1860s". Official Site of the Canadian Football
League. Canadian Football League. Retrieved 2010-07-13.
3.^ Zelkovich, Chris (1 December 2009). "Grey Cup a ratings champion".
The Toronto Star (Toronto, Ontario). Retrieved 23 December 2009.
4.^ "gridiron football (sport)". Britannica Online Encyclopedia.
britannica.com. Retrieved 2010-07-13.
5.^ "CFL introduces 4 rule changes for 2009 season". Canadian
Broadcasting Company. 2009-05-11. Retrieved 2010-07-13.
6.^ The Canadian Press (2010-04-14). "CFL approves rule requiring
two-point convert attempts in OT". CTVglobemedia. Retrieved 2010-04-18.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Canadian football
•CFL Rule Book
•History of Canadian Football at Football Canada
•Canadian Football Resources
•Quebec Junior Football League
•PEI Tackle Football League
[show]
v · d · e
Maple Leaf (from roundel).svg Sport in Canada
[show]
v · d · e
Interdependent team sports
[show]
v · d · e
Gridiron football concepts
Categories: Canadian football | Team sports | Sports originating in
Canada | Football codes
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