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PAS : KE ARAH PEMERINTAHAN ISLAM YANG ADIL
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Afghan Tribes Resent King's Union
KATHY GANNON, Associated Press Writer
Tuesday, October 02, 2001 6:36 PM EDT
PESHAWAR, Pakistan (AP) -- He was king once, and they
were ready to support him again.
But now, powerful tribal leaders who hold sway along
the Pakistan-Afghan border are upset by the exiled
Afghan monarch's apparent decision to align himself
with a U.S.- and Russian-backed northern alliance
trying to topple the ruling Taliban.
If these fiercely independent tribesmen from
Afghanistan's dominant Pashtun ethnic group withdraw
support for the 86-year-old Mohammad Zaher Shah, it
would be a serious setback to Washington's strategy
for wiping out Osama bin Laden's terror network in
Afghanistan.
``The king now has an alliance with the northern
alliance, and this force is a military force. How can
you bring peace with a military force? It is not
possible,'' said Sayed Jalal Siddiqi Adakhiel, a
tribal elder from Afghanistan's southeastern Paktia
province, which also happens to be a bin Laden
stronghold.
He and other tribal leaders move with relative ease
across the frontier between Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Adakhiel spoke to The Associated Press in this
Pakistani border area city.
Exploiting unrest among Afghan tribes is one option
being studied by the United States to undermine the
Taliban because they are harboring bin Laden, the
prime suspect in the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks on the
World Trade Center and the Pentagon.
An administration memo circulated to President Bush's
advisers last weekend set out White House policy
supporting any group willing to fight terrorism. U.S.
officials said the memo marks the first broad outlines
of Bush's plans to bolster groups opposing the
Taliban.
Those groups could include Afghan tribes whose leaders
are disenchanted with the Taliban for having usurped
the authority of the tribal chief and given it to the
mullahs, or Islamic clerics.
The king, in exile in Rome since 1973, has been seen
by many tribal leaders as a unifying force -- someone
who could call a national council, or loya jirga, of
all Afghan factions to establish a new government.
Now, all that is in doubt after Zaher Shah and the
northern alliance agreed Monday in Rome to convene the
council. To the tribal leaders, the king has struck a
deal with the devil.
Adakhiel's tribe is considered a major player and one
of eight major tribes that held their own council one
week ago. There they agreed that the exiled king would
be welcomed back. Then they learned of the alliance
with the northern alliance and held a second meeting
to condemn it.
Many tribal chiefs may dislike the Taliban. But they
regard the northern alliance as little more than
agents of foreign powers. Many alliance leaders have
been forever discredited because of the anarchy that
swept Afghanistan when they were in power.
The alliance also includes powerful communist-era
generals. Mohammed Fahim, the man who last month
replaced slain alliance chief Ahmed Shah Massood, was
deputy to Najibullah when he served as Afghanistan's
intelligence chief. Najibullah later was Afghanistan's
last communist president.
The king is welcome, said another tribesman, Abdul
Razzak, from eastern Nangarhar province, ``but now the
United States and Russia want to impose him on us, and
that is a problem.''
``If people inside Afghanistan think that the king is
being imposed on them by the outside and by
non-Muslims, they will support the Taliban,'' he said.
Those comments underscore the difficulty the United
States and its allies will face in trying to replace
the Taliban.
A Western expert on Afghanistan, speaking on condition
of anonymity, said any Afghan government must have the
tribes' support. They are traditionally powerful, well
armed and ready to fight, and the Taliban, the ousted
king and the northern alliance are all competing for
their loyalty.
The Taliban have offered a power-sharing deal, and
have invited some of the more powerful tribes to send
a representative to Kandahar, the seat of the Taliban
regime, Adakhiel said.
The Taliban have also sent Jalaluddin Haqqani, a
former guerrilla commander and U.S. ally during the
nine-year Soviet occupation, to eastern Paktia
province to try to hold its quarrelsome tribes
together.
Afghans have traditionally resisted governments
imposed by foreigners. They rose up against a
Soviet-imposed administration under Babrak Karmal,
forcing Moscow to withdraw its troops in 1989.
``If we now let the king come to Afghanistan with
America's and Russia's support how is that any
different from Karmal?'' asked Adakhiel.
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