Even i faced the same problem. After analysis i found that It should not create problem in removing the mod as well if you are using "init_module" function. If you are using a different name for the startup function it should be declared as static as: static int __init startup(void) module_init(startup)
Probably if the function is not static the kernel loses its refernce to the function and that makes it permanent. --Bala ________________________________ From: amit mehta <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: Sandeep K Sinha <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Cc: Kernel Newbie <kernelnewbies@nl.linux.org> Sent: Wednesday, 10 December, 2008 6:40:42 Subject: Re: module state:permanent Thanks Sandeep, but still the question holds. Why this module would become permanent ? ~amit On Wed, Dec 10, 2008 at 11:46 AM, Sandeep K Sinha <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: Ya that's right. On Wed, Dec 10, 2008 at 10:48 AM, amit mehta <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > Hi All, > > Why would some module's state become permanent ? > i inserted one module and when i try to remove it, i get: > ERROR: Removing 'procsfs1': Device or resource busy > > <lsmod snip> > > Module Size Used by > procsfs1 3204 0 [permanent] <--------- > > <lsmod snip> > > The program code is here: > http://tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/html/x710.html > > rmmod help shows: > [EMAIL PROTECTED]:/home/amit/# rmmod --h > Usage: rmmod [-fhswvV] modulename ... > -f (or --force) forces a module unload, and may crash your > machine. This requires the Forced Module Removal option > when the kernel was compiled. > > i looked into the .config file under /usr/src/linux > and this seem to be the reason for even the --force option in rmmod not > working: > # CONFIG_MODULE_FORCE_UNLOAD is not set > > You have to set that flag to enable forced unmount. > ~amit > > -- > "Everyone has a photographic memory. Some people just don't have film." > > — Mel Brooks > -- Regards, Sandeep. "To learn is to change. Education is a process that changes the learner." -- "Everyone has a photographic memory. Some people just don't have film." — Mel Brooks
