Peru: Humala Pledges Justice for Sterilisation Victims
Written by Ángel Páez
Wednesday, 15 June 2011 17:29
(IPS)
- Peruvian President-elect Ollanta Humala will push the legal system to
investigate and prosecute those responsible for a massive forced
sterilisation campaign targeting poor indigenous women carried out by
the government of Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000), said the spokeswoman for
Humala's party, Aída García Naranjo.
"Humala will live up to
the Peruvian state's commitment to the Inter-American Commission on
Human Rights (IACHR) to prevent impunity in the case of victims of
female and male sterilisations, which we consider a crime against
humanity," García Naranjo told IPS.
"Democracy is not possible in a country where an absence of justice and
a sense of collective amnesia are promoted," said the representative of
the Gana Perú party.
Under a friendly settlement agreement reached in 2003 with the IACHR,
the Peruvian state acknowledged its responsibility, recognised the
abuses committed under the family planning programme, and undertook to
investigate and bring to trial the government officials who devised and
implemented the campaign that carried out tubal ligations and
vasectomies among mainly impoverished native rural highlands
populations.
In 2010,
however, the representative of the Peruvian government announced to the
Washington-based IACHR that the attorney general's office had shelved
the case.
The only
condition of the friendly settlement met by the Peruvian state was the
indemnification of the family of María Mestanza, who died in 1998 as a
result of a poorly performed surgical sterilisation procedure done
without her consent.
But when the case was shelved, the possibility of obtaining justice for
Mestanza and her family was effectively closed off.
According to Health Ministry statistics, 346,219 women and 24,535 men
were sterilised between 1993 and 2000. A full 55 percent of the surgical
procedures were carried out in 1996 and 1997 alone, a period during
which the armed forces and police were allowed to take part in the
operations.
That means
an average of 262 tubal ligations a day were performed in that two year
period, as part of the National Programme for Reproductive Health and
Family Planning, carried out by coercion and deceit under the guise of
an anti-poverty plan.
The programme was designed and implemented by the government of
Fujimori, who is currently in prison for human rights crimes and
corruption.
A 2001-2003
investigation by the Peruvian Congress documented cases in which women
died as a result of operations that were poorly done or carried out in
unhygienic conditions, and determined that the authorities had set
quotas for the number of women to be sterilised, in exchange for
benefits for the participating health personnel.
The pending question of the victims of forced sterilisation was one of
the touchiest issues discussed in the televised debate between Humala
and his right-wing rival, Keiko Fujimori, daughter of the former
president, ahead of the Jun. 5 runoff.
The nationalist former military officer, who won a second-round victory
campaigning on a leftist platform, urged Keiko Fujimori to take a
public stance on the question of the sterilisations that affected so
many poor native women during her father's administration.
In the debate, Humala stressed that one of the members of his
opponent's campaign team was Alejandro Aguinaga who, as a health
minister in 1999 and 2000, was one of the officials who implemented the
controversial family planning programme.
But Humala forgot to mention another former official implicated in the
case, Marino Costa – health minister from 1996 to 1999 - who also formed
part of Keiko Fujimori's team.
The third former official accused of leading the sterilisation campaign
is Eduardo Yong Motta, who was health minister from 1994 to 1996.
Fujimori defended herself stating that the case was closed, and that
Aguinaga had been investigated and had not been found responsible.
But despite Peru's commitment under the IACHR agreement to bring those
responsible to justice, no one has been brought to court.
"Humala's announcement represents a hope for justice for all of those
women who, like me, were deceived by the government of Fujimori which
told us that sterilisation would lead to better quality of life, when in
fact the exact opposite happened," Ligia Ríos Lizárraga, a 44-year-old
mother of three, told IPS.
"When they sterilised me they killed my last child," said the rural
woman. She added that "since they tied my tubes in 1997 by means of
deception, without telling me that I was pregnant at the time, my life
has been sheer hell.
"I have periodic haemorrhaging. I just now came out of the hospital, where I
had to go for emergency treatment," she said.
Ríos Lizárraga said she tried to bring legal action against those who
performed the tubal ligation, but got nowhere.
"That's why, after 14 years of suffering, hearing that my case and
those of other women are going to be investigated gives me some relief. I
hope I'm still alive when those responsible are punished," she said.
Women from the southern highlands region of Cuzco were especially
affected by the programme. At the peak of the sterilisations, in 1996
and 1997, the number of tubal ligations in that region climbed from
1,808 a year to 4,535 a year – in other words, from an average of nearly
five operations a day to 12.5 operations a day.
Sabina Huilca, 41, from the village of Huayllaccocha in Cuzco, was one
of the victims. She still to make regular visits to Lima for specialised
treatment.
Huilca
suffers from neoplasia – an abnormal growth of tissue – that doctors say
may have been caused by the poorly performed tubal ligation procedure.
"I'm going to put myself at the disposition of the authorities to show
the problems caused by the sterilisation done without my consent,"
Huilca told IPS.
"I can
document my injuries, my pains, everything that is necessary for the
judges to understand that I have lifelong problems from an operation I
never asked for," she said.
In the final stretch of the election campaign, when the issue of forced
sterilisation was dealing a heavy blow to her credibility as a
candidate, Keiko Fujimori tried to extend an apology to the victims.
But Huilca said she didn't accept the apology because it was "self-seeking."
"I don't believe her, because she never said anything before," she added.
Jeannette Llaja, director of DEMUS, a women's rights organisation that
has taken part in local and international legal action in the case,
expressed hopefulness regarding Humala's announcement, but added that
her group not only expects an investigation and for those responsible to
be punished, but also individual as well as collective damages to the
victims.
"Especially in
the Andean regions, the sterilisations affected entire (indigenous)
rural communities, which is why we take the stance that what was done
was a crime against humanity, and thus subject to no statute of
limitations," Llaja explained to IPS.
"Investigations by Congress and others have concluded that the family
planning programme was especially designed to affect the poorest women
in the country, the inhabitants of the Quechua-speaking Andean areas,"
she said.
She added
that "not only the doctors were responsible, but the public
policy-makers as well, which is the same as pointing to former president
Fujimori himself.
"Humala's declaration indicates that the Peruvian state will finally
truly assume its commitment to the Inter-American Commission on Human
Rights, and we will keep close watch to help make sure that he lives up
to his word," Llaja said.
http://upsidedownworld.org/main/news-briefs-archives-68/3082-peru-humala-pledges-justice-for-sterilisation-victims
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
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