[PATCH AUTOSEL 4.19 06/44] block: brd: associate with queue until adding disk

2018-11-12 Thread Sasha Levin
From: Ming Lei [ Upstream commit 153fcd5f6d93b8e1e4040b1337f564a10f8d93af ] brd_free() may be called in failure path on one brd instance which disk isn't added yet, so release handler of gendisk may free the associated request_queue early and causes the following use-after-free[1]. This patch f

[PATCH AUTOSEL 4.18 06/39] block: brd: associate with queue until adding disk

2018-11-12 Thread Sasha Levin
From: Ming Lei [ Upstream commit 153fcd5f6d93b8e1e4040b1337f564a10f8d93af ] brd_free() may be called in failure path on one brd instance which disk isn't added yet, so release handler of gendisk may free the associated request_queue early and causes the following use-after-free[1]. This patch f

Re: [PATCH V5 2/6] blk-mq: refactor the code of issue request directly

2018-11-12 Thread jianchao.wang
Hi Jens On 11/13/18 11:22 AM, Jens Axboe wrote: > On 11/12/18 2:23 AM, Jianchao Wang wrote: >> Merge blk_mq_try_issue_directly and __blk_mq_try_issue_directly >> into one interface to unify the interfaces to issue requests >> directly. The merged interface takes over the requests totally, >> it co

Re: [PATCH V5 2/6] blk-mq: refactor the code of issue request directly

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 2:23 AM, Jianchao Wang wrote: > Merge blk_mq_try_issue_directly and __blk_mq_try_issue_directly > into one interface to unify the interfaces to issue requests > directly. The merged interface takes over the requests totally, > it could insert, end or do nothing based on the return value

Re: [PATCH V5 1/6] blk-mq: make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept NULL cookie pointer

2018-11-12 Thread jianchao.wang
Hi Jens On 11/13/18 1:10 AM, Jens Axboe wrote: > On 11/12/18 2:23 AM, Jianchao Wang wrote: >> Make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept a NULL cookie pointer >> and remove the dummy unused_cookie in blk_mq_request_issue_directly. > > What's the reasoning behind this? Seems faster to store th

Re: [PATCH 4/6] block: avoid ordered task state change for polled IO

2018-11-12 Thread jianchao.wang
Hi Jens On 11/13/18 12:26 AM, Jens Axboe wrote: > On 11/12/18 2:35 AM, jianchao.wang wrote: >> Hi Jens >> >> On 11/10/18 11:13 PM, Jens Axboe wrote: >>> We only really need the barrier if we're going to be sleeping, >>> if we're just polling we're fine with the __set_current_state() >>> variant. >

Re: [PATCH 01/12] kernfs: add function to find kernfs_node without increasing ref counter

2018-11-12 Thread Matthew Wilcox
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 04:28:40AM -0800, Greg Kroah-Hartman wrote: > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 10:56:21AM +0100, Paolo Valente wrote: > > From: Angelo Ruocco > > > > The kernfs pseudo file system doesn't export any function to only find > > a node by name, without also getting a reference on it. >

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Ming Lei
On Tue, Nov 13, 2018 at 08:22:26AM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 12:02:36PM -0800, Greg Kroah-Hartman wrote: > > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 08:48:48AM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > > > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:44:07PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > > > > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:20:51

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Ming Lei
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 12:02:36PM -0800, Greg Kroah-Hartman wrote: > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 08:48:48AM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:44:07PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > > > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:20:51PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > > > > On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 12:35:18

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Greg Kroah-Hartman
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 08:48:48AM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:44:07PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:20:51PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > > > On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 12:35:18PM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > > > > Hi, > > > > > > > > Images with CONF

Re: [PATCH v3] block: copy ioprio in __bio_clone_fast()

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 2:29 AM, Jean Delvare wrote: > From: Hannes Reinecke > > We need to copy the io priority, too; otherwise the clone will run > with a different priority than the original one. Applied, thanks. -- Jens Axboe

Re: [PATCH V5 1/6] blk-mq: make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept NULL cookie pointer

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 2:23 AM, Jianchao Wang wrote: > Make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept a NULL cookie pointer > and remove the dummy unused_cookie in blk_mq_request_issue_directly. What's the reasoning behind this? Seems faster to store the cookie always, instead of introducing a branch to the

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Guenter Roeck
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:44:07PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:20:51PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > > On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 12:35:18PM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > > > Hi, > > > > > > Images with CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT=y, CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE=y > > > enabled report kob

Re: [PATCH 4/6] block: avoid ordered task state change for polled IO

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 2:35 AM, jianchao.wang wrote: > Hi Jens > > On 11/10/18 11:13 PM, Jens Axboe wrote: >> We only really need the barrier if we're going to be sleeping, >> if we're just polling we're fine with the __set_current_state() >> variant. >> >> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe >> --- >> fs/block_dev.

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Guenter Roeck
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:20:52PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 12:35:18PM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > > Hi, > > > > Images with CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT=y, CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE=y > > enabled report kobject lifetime issues when booting an image in qemu > > using virtio-sc

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 8:54 AM, Josef Bacik wrote: > On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 08:48:35AM -0700, Jens Axboe wrote: >> On 11/12/18 8:45 AM, Paolo Valente wrote: >>> BTW, since this patch series is probably even more useful for older >>> than for future kernels, might it make sense to also propose it for >>> stab

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Josef Bacik
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 08:48:35AM -0700, Jens Axboe wrote: > On 11/12/18 8:45 AM, Paolo Valente wrote: > > BTW, since this patch series is probably even more useful for older > > than for future kernels, might it make sense to also propose it for > > stable/longterm kernels (provided that such a p

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 8:45 AM, Paolo Valente wrote: > BTW, since this patch series is probably even more useful for older > than for future kernels, might it make sense to also propose it for > stable/longterm kernels (provided that such a possibility exists)? That just not how things work, we don't put dif

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
> Il giorno 12 nov 2018, alle ore 16:35, Jens Axboe ha > scritto: > > On 11/12/18 3:17 AM, Paolo Valente wrote: >> >> >>> Il giorno 12 nov 2018, alle ore 11:00, Oleksandr Natalenko >>> ha scritto: >>> >>> On 12.11.2018 10:56, Paolo Valente wrote: Hi Jens, Tejun, all, about nine

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 3:17 AM, Paolo Valente wrote: > > >> Il giorno 12 nov 2018, alle ore 11:00, Oleksandr Natalenko >> ha scritto: >> >> On 12.11.2018 10:56, Paolo Valente wrote: >>> Hi Jens, Tejun, all, >>> about nine months ago, we agreed on a solution for unifying the >>> interface of the proportion

Re: [PATCH v2] kyber: fix wrong strlcpy() size in trace_kyber_latency()

2018-11-12 Thread Jens Axboe
On 11/12/18 1:08 AM, Omar Sandoval wrote: > From: Omar Sandoval > > When copying to the latency type, we should be passing LATENCY_TYPE_LEN, > not DOMAIN_LEN (this isn't a problem in practice because we only pass > "total" or "I/O"). Fix it by changing all of the strlcpy() calls to use > sizeof()

Re: [PATCH v2] kyber: fix wrong strlcpy() size in trace_kyber_latency()

2018-11-12 Thread Jordan Glover
On Monday, November 12, 2018 9:08 AM, Omar Sandoval wrote: > From: Omar Sandoval osan...@fb.com > > When copying to the latency type, we should be passing LATENCY_TYPE_LEN, > not DOMAIN_LEN (this isn't a problem in practice because we only pass > "total" or "I/O"). Fix it by changing all of the s

Re: [PATCH 01/12] kernfs: add function to find kernfs_node without increasing ref counter

2018-11-12 Thread Greg Kroah-Hartman
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 10:56:21AM +0100, Paolo Valente wrote: > From: Angelo Ruocco > > The kernfs pseudo file system doesn't export any function to only find > a node by name, without also getting a reference on it. > But in some cases it is useful to just locate a kernfs node, while > using it

Re: [RFC] mm: Replace all open encodings for NUMA_NO_NODE

2018-11-12 Thread Anshuman Khandual
On 11/12/2018 02:13 PM, Hans Verkuil wrote: > On 11/12/2018 03:41 AM, Anshuman Khandual wrote: >> At present there are multiple places where invalid node number is encoded >> as -1. Even though implicitly understood it is always better to have macros >> in there. Replace these open encodings for

Re: WARNING: locking bug in loop_control_ioctl

2018-11-12 Thread Jan Kara
On Sat 10-11-18 17:09:09, Tetsuo Handa wrote: > From 4b9e5556fada37dff1eff13665a229b69e1f7dd8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 > From: Tetsuo Handa > Date: Sat, 10 Nov 2018 17:04:40 +0900 > Subject: [PATCH] loop: Fix double mutex_unlock(&loop_ctl_mutex) in > loop_control_ioctl(). > > Commit 0a42e99b58a2

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
> Il giorno 12 nov 2018, alle ore 11:00, Oleksandr Natalenko > ha scritto: > > On 12.11.2018 10:56, Paolo Valente wrote: >> Hi Jens, Tejun, all, >> about nine months ago, we agreed on a solution for unifying the >> interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io [1]. Angelo >> and I f

Re: [PATCH 0/16 v3] loop: Fix oops and possible deadlocks

2018-11-12 Thread Jan Kara
On Thu 08-11-18 16:28:11, Theodore Y. Ts'o wrote: > On Thu, Nov 08, 2018 at 02:01:00PM +0100, Jan Kara wrote: > > Hi, > > > > this patch series fixes oops and possible deadlocks as reported by syzbot > > [1] > > [2]. The second patch in the series (from Tetsuo) fixes the oops, the > > remaining

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Oleksandr Natalenko
On 12.11.2018 11:00, Oleksandr Natalenko wrote: I thought all the legacy stuff including CFS et al. is going to be removed in v4.21 completely… Paolo, [1] and [2]. [1] http://git.kernel.dk/cgit/linux-block/log/?h=for-4.21/block [2] http://git.kernel.dk/cgit/linux-block/commit/?h=for-4.21/bloc

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Oleksandr Natalenko
On 12.11.2018 10:56, Paolo Valente wrote: Hi Jens, Tejun, all, about nine months ago, we agreed on a solution for unifying the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io [1]. Angelo and I finally completed it. Let me briefly recall the problem and the solution. The current implemen

[PATCH 01/12] kernfs: add function to find kernfs_node without increasing ref counter

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco The kernfs pseudo file system doesn't export any function to only find a node by name, without also getting a reference on it. But in some cases it is useful to just locate a kernfs node, while using it or not depends on some other condition. This commit adds a function to ju

[PATCH 06/12] block, bfq: align min and default weights with cfq

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco The I/O schedulers bfq and cfq expose a cgroup attribute with the same meaning: weight. This commit changes bfq default and min weights to match the ones set by cfq. Signed-off-by: Angelo Ruocco Signed-off-by: Paolo Valente --- block/bfq-iosched.h | 4 ++-- 1 file changed

[PATCH 07/12] cgroup: make all functions of all cftypes be invoked

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco When two or more policies share a file their respective cftypes are linked together. The allowed operations on those files are: open, release, write and show, mapped to the functions defined in the cftypes. This commit makes the cgroup core invoke, whenever one of those opera

Re: [PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
Forgot to CC Lennart, sorry. > Il giorno 12 nov 2018, alle ore 10:56, Paolo Valente > ha scritto: > > Hi Jens, Tejun, all, > about nine months ago, we agreed on a solution for unifying the > interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io [1]. Angelo > and I finally completed it. Let m

[PATCH 05/12] cgroup: add owner name to cftypes

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco The piece of information "who created a certain cftype" is not stored anywhere, thus a cftype is not able to know who is its owner. This commit addresses this problem by adding a new field in the cftype structure that enables the name of its owner to be explicitly set. Signe

[PATCH 00/12] unify the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
Hi Jens, Tejun, all, about nine months ago, we agreed on a solution for unifying the interface of the proportional-share policy in blkio/io [1]. Angelo and I finally completed it. Let me briefly recall the problem and the solution. The current implementation of cgroups doesn't allow two or more

[PATCH 08/12] block, cfq: allow cgroup files to be shared

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco Some of the files exposed in a cgroup by cfq have the same meaning as the files exposed by bfq and throttle. This commit allows these files to be shared. Signed-off-by: Angelo Ruocco Signed-off-by: Paolo Valente --- block/cfq-iosched.c | 49 +++

[PATCH 09/12] block, bfq: use standard file names for the proportional-share policy

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
Some of the files exposed in a cgroup by bfq, for the proportional share policy, have the same meaning as the files owned by cfq. The old implementation of the cgroup interface didn't allow different entities to create cgroup files with the same name (in the same subsystem). So, for bfq, we had to

[PATCH 12/12] doc, bfq-iosched: make it consistent with the new cgroup interface

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
BFQ now shares interface files with CFQ, for the proportional-share policy. Make documentation consistent with that. Signed-off-by: Paolo Valente --- Documentation/block/bfq-iosched.txt | 25 - 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/

[PATCH 02/12] cgroup: add hook seq_show_cft with also the owning cftype as parameter

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
The current implementation of the seq_show hook in the cftype struct has only, as parameters, the seq_file to write to and the arguments passed by the command line. Thus, the only way to retrieve the cftype that owns an instance of such hook function is by using the accessor in the seq_file itself.

[PATCH 11/12] doc, bfq-iosched: fix a few clerical errors

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
This commit fixes a few clerical errors in Documentation/block/bfq-iosched.txt. Signed-off-by: Paolo Valente --- Documentation/block/bfq-iosched.txt | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/block/bfq-iosched.txt b/Documentation/block/bfq-iosched.tx

[PATCH 03/12] block, cgroup: pass cftype to functions that need to use it

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
Some seq_show functions need to access the cftype they belong to, for retrieving the data to show. These functions get their cftype by using the seq_cft accessor for the seq_file. This solution is no longer viable in case a seq_file is shared among more than one cftype, because the accessor always

[PATCH 10/12] block, throttle: allow sharing cgroup statistic files

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco Some of the cgroup files defined in the throttle policy have the same meaning as those defined in the proportional share policy. This commit uses the new file sharing interface in cgroup to share these files. Signed-off-by: Angelo Ruocco Signed-off-by: Paolo Valente --- b

[PATCH 04/12] cgroup: link cftypes of the same subsystem with the same name

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
From: Angelo Ruocco When a cgroup policy is activated, it creates its files in its subsystem directory. Two policies are not able to create a file with the same name: if a policy tries to create a file that has the same name as a file created by another policy, the cgroup core stops it, warns the

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Ming Lei
On Mon, Nov 12, 2018 at 05:20:51PM +0800, Ming Lei wrote: > On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 12:35:18PM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > > Hi, > > > > Images with CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT=y, CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE=y > > enabled report kobject lifetime issues when booting an image in qemu > > using virtio-sc

Inquiry 12/11/2018

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Re: [PATCH 4/6] block: avoid ordered task state change for polled IO

2018-11-12 Thread jianchao.wang
Hi Jens On 11/10/18 11:13 PM, Jens Axboe wrote: > We only really need the barrier if we're going to be sleeping, > if we're just polling we're fine with the __set_current_state() > variant. > > Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe > --- > fs/block_dev.c | 25 + > 1 file changed, 21

[PATCH v3] block: copy ioprio in __bio_clone_fast()

2018-11-12 Thread Jean Delvare
From: Hannes Reinecke We need to copy the io priority, too; otherwise the clone will run with a different priority than the original one. Fixes: 43b62ce3ff0a ("block: move bio io prio to a new field") Signed-off-by: Hannes Reinecke Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare --- Changes since v2: * Rebased o

[PATCH V5 3/6] blk-mq: fix issue directly case when q is stopped or quiesced

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
When try to issue request directly, if the queue is stopped or quiesced, 'bypass' will be ignored and return BLK_STS_OK to caller to avoid it dispatch request again. Then the request will be inserted with blk_mq_sched_insert_request. This is not correct for dm-rq case where we should avoid to pass

[PATCH V5 2/6] blk-mq: refactor the code of issue request directly

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
Merge blk_mq_try_issue_directly and __blk_mq_try_issue_directly into one interface to unify the interfaces to issue requests directly. The merged interface takes over the requests totally, it could insert, end or do nothing based on the return value of .queue_rq and 'bypass' parameter. Then caller

[PATCH V5 6/6] blk-mq: replace and kill blk_mq_request_issue_directly

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
Replace blk_mq_request_issue_directly with blk_mq_try_issue_directly in blk_insert_cloned_request and remove blk_mq_request_issue_directly as nobody uses it. Signed-off-by: Jianchao Wang --- block/blk-core.c | 2 +- block/blk-mq.c | 7 +-- block/blk-mq.h | 6 -- 3 files changed, 6 in

[PATCH V5 1/6] blk-mq: make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept NULL cookie pointer

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
Make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept a NULL cookie pointer and remove the dummy unused_cookie in blk_mq_request_issue_directly. Signed-off-by: Jianchao Wang --- block/blk-mq.c | 13 ++--- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/block/blk-mq.c b/block/blk-m

[PATCH V5 4/6] blk-mq: ensure hctx to be ran on mapped cpu when issue directly

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
When issue request directly and the task is migrated out of the original cpu where it allocates request, hctx could be ran on the cpu where it is not mapped. To fix this, - insert the request forcibly if BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING is set. - check whether the current is mapped to the hctx, if not, insert

[PATCH V5 5/6] blk-mq: issue directly with bypass 'false' in blk_mq_sched_insert_requests

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
It is not necessary to issue request directly with bypass 'true' in blk_mq_sched_insert_requests and insert the non-issued requests itself. Just set bypass to 'false' and let blk_mq_try_issue_directly handle them totally. Signed-off-by: Jianchao Wang --- block/blk-mq-sched.c | 8 +++- block

[PATCH V5 0/6] blk-mq: refactor and fix on issue request directly

2018-11-12 Thread Jianchao Wang
Hi Jens Please consider this patchset for 4.21. It refactors the code of issue request directly to unify the interface and make the code clearer and more readable, and also fixes two defects there. The 1st patch make __blk_mq_issue_directly be able to accept NULL cookie pointer then we needn't th

Re: kobject lifetime issues in blk-mq

2018-11-12 Thread Ming Lei
On Fri, Nov 09, 2018 at 12:35:18PM -0800, Guenter Roeck wrote: > Hi, > > Images with CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT=y, CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT_RELEASE=y > enabled report kobject lifetime issues when booting an image in qemu > using virtio-scsi-pci. > > Bisect points to two different commits, depending on the

Re: [RFC] mm: Replace all open encodings for NUMA_NO_NODE

2018-11-12 Thread Hans Verkuil
On 11/12/2018 03:41 AM, Anshuman Khandual wrote: > At present there are multiple places where invalid node number is encoded > as -1. Even though implicitly understood it is always better to have macros > in there. Replace these open encodings for an invalid node number with the > global macro NUMA

[PATCH v2] kyber: fix wrong strlcpy() size in trace_kyber_latency()

2018-11-12 Thread Omar Sandoval
From: Omar Sandoval When copying to the latency type, we should be passing LATENCY_TYPE_LEN, not DOMAIN_LEN (this isn't a problem in practice because we only pass "total" or "I/O"). Fix it by changing all of the strlcpy() calls to use sizeof(). Fixes: 6c3b7af1c975 ("kyber: add tracepoints") Repo

inconsistent IOPS and throughput for /dev/mdX (?)

2018-11-12 Thread Paolo Valente
Hi, the following command line sudo fio --loops=20 --name=seqreader -rw=read --size=500M --numjobs=1 --filename=/dev/md0 & iostat -tmd /dev/md0 2 & sleep 15 ; killall iostat generates a sequence of lines like this one: -- 8.11.2018 14:08:351)][15.4%][r=444MiB/s][r=114k IOPS][et