(to apply this patch,
 handle-cpu_lock_acquire-and-cpu_lock_release-in-workqueue_cpu_callback.patch
 should be dropped, it is not needed any longer).

With this patch workqueue_mutex is used only to protect workqueues list,
all workqueue operations can run in parallel with cpuhotplug callback path.
take_over_work(), migrate_sequence, CPU_LOCK_ACQUIRE/RELEASE go away.

CPU_DEAD just sets cwq->should_stop and returns. After that cwq->thread runs
unbound until it flushes cwq->worklist, then exits. So this patch slightly
increases the probability that work_struct will be processed by the "wrong"
CPU, but we can't avoid this with CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU anyway.

CPU_UP_PREPARE creates the new cwq->thread if it's not NULL, CPU_ONLINE binds
it to the new cpu.

This all greatly simplifies the workqueues/cpu-hotplug interaction and imho
makes the code better. Shrinks both the source and compiled code (430 bytes).
In particular, we can take workqueue_mutex in work->func() or create/destroy
workqueues from the cpuhotplug callback path.

The ugly part of this patch is that it adds "static int embryonic_cpu", it's
used by __create_workqueue() when it runs between CPU_UP_PREPARE/CPU_ONLINE.

cpu_populated_map was introduced to optimize for_each_possible_cpu(), it is
not strictly needed, and it is more a documentation in fact.

Further possible changes:

        - don't use kthread_create(), we don't use kthread_stop()

        - don't do kthread_bind() when create_workqueue_thread()
          is called by CPU_UP_PREPARE, this is noop because of the
          wake_up_process() below.

        - make cpu_populated_map per workqueue_struct, this allows
          us to remove some "is_single_threaded(wq)" checks, and we
          can clear the bit when cwq->thread exits.

Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>

--- WQ/kernel/workqueue.c~1_rework      2007-01-19 05:01:53.000000000 +0300
+++ WQ/kernel/workqueue.c       2007-01-19 05:04:13.000000000 +0300
@@ -43,10 +43,11 @@ struct cpu_workqueue_struct {
 
        struct list_head worklist;
        wait_queue_head_t more_work;
+       struct work_struct *current_work;
 
        struct workqueue_struct *wq;
        struct task_struct *thread;
-       struct work_struct *current_work;
+       int should_stop;
 
        int run_depth;          /* Detect run_workqueue() recursion depth */
 } ____cacheline_aligned;
@@ -64,11 +65,10 @@ struct workqueue_struct {
 
 /* All the per-cpu workqueues on the system, for hotplug cpu to add/remove
    threads to each one as cpus come/go. */
-static long migrate_sequence __read_mostly;
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(workqueue_mutex);
 static LIST_HEAD(workqueues);
 
-static int singlethread_cpu;
+static int singlethread_cpu __read_mostly;
 
 /* If it's single threaded, it isn't in the list of workqueues. */
 static inline int is_single_threaded(struct workqueue_struct *wq)
@@ -343,10 +343,28 @@ static void run_workqueue(struct cpu_wor
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&cwq->lock, flags);
 }
 
+/*
+ * NOTE: the caller must not touch *cwq if this func returns true
+ */
+static inline int cwq_should_stop(struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq)
+{
+       int should_stop = cwq->should_stop;
+
+       if (unlikely(should_stop)) {
+               spin_lock_irq(&cwq->lock);
+               should_stop = cwq->should_stop && list_empty(&cwq->worklist);
+               if (should_stop)
+                       cwq->thread = NULL;
+               spin_unlock_irq(&cwq->lock);
+       }
+
+       return should_stop;
+}
+
 static int worker_thread(void *__cwq)
 {
        struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = __cwq;
-       DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
+       DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
        struct k_sigaction sa;
        sigset_t blocked;
 
@@ -372,23 +390,21 @@ static int worker_thread(void *__cwq)
        siginitset(&sa.sa.sa_mask, sigmask(SIGCHLD));
        do_sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, (struct k_sigaction *)0);
 
-       set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-       while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
-               if (cwq->wq->freezeable)
-                       try_to_freeze();
-
-               add_wait_queue(&cwq->more_work, &wait);
-               if (list_empty(&cwq->worklist))
-                       schedule();
-               else
-                       __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
-               remove_wait_queue(&cwq->more_work, &wait);
-
-               if (!list_empty(&cwq->worklist))
-                       run_workqueue(cwq);
-               set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
-       }
-       __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
+       for (;;) {
+               if (cwq->wq->freezeable)
+                       try_to_freeze();
+
+               prepare_to_wait(&cwq->more_work, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+               if (!cwq->should_stop && list_empty(&cwq->worklist))
+                       schedule();
+               finish_wait(&cwq->more_work, &wait);
+
+               if (cwq_should_stop(cwq))
+                       break;
+
+               run_workqueue(cwq);
+       }
+
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -414,6 +430,9 @@ static void insert_wq_barrier(struct cpu
        insert_work(cwq, &barr->work, tail);
 }
 
+/* optimization, we could use cpu_possible_map */
+static cpumask_t cpu_populated_map __read_mostly;
+
 static void flush_cpu_workqueue(struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq)
 {
        if (cwq->thread == current) {
@@ -453,20 +472,13 @@ static void flush_cpu_workqueue(struct c
  */
 void fastcall flush_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq)
 {
-       if (is_single_threaded(wq)) {
-               /* Always use first cpu's area. */
+       if (is_single_threaded(wq))
                flush_cpu_workqueue(per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, singlethread_cpu));
-       } else {
-               long sequence;
+       else {
                int cpu;
-again:
-               sequence = migrate_sequence;
 
-               for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
+               for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpu_populated_map)
                        flush_cpu_workqueue(per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu));
-
-               if (unlikely(sequence != migrate_sequence))
-                       goto again;
        }
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(flush_workqueue);
@@ -484,11 +496,8 @@ static void wait_on_work(struct cpu_work
        }
        spin_unlock_irq(&cwq->lock);
 
-       if (unlikely(running)) {
-               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
+       if (unlikely(running))
                wait_for_completion(&barr.done);
-               mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
-       }
 }
 
 /**
@@ -509,155 +518,31 @@ void flush_work(struct workqueue_struct 
 {
        struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq;
 
-       mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
        cwq = get_wq_data(work);
        /* Was it ever queued ? */
        if (!cwq)
-               goto out;
+               return;
 
        /*
-        * This work can't be re-queued, and the lock above protects us
-        * from take_over_work(), no need to re-check that get_wq_data()
-        * is still the same when we take cwq->lock.
+        * This work can't be re-queued, no need to re-check that
+        * get_wq_data() is still the same when we take cwq->lock.
         */
        spin_lock_irq(&cwq->lock);
        list_del_init(&work->entry);
        work_release(work);
        spin_unlock_irq(&cwq->lock);
 
-       if (is_single_threaded(wq)) {
-               /* Always use first cpu's area. */
+       if (is_single_threaded(wq))
                wait_on_work(per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, singlethread_cpu), work);
-       } else {
+       else {
                int cpu;
 
-               for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
+               for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpu_populated_map)
                        wait_on_work(per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu), work);
        }
-out:
-       mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(flush_work);
 
-static void init_cpu_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq, int cpu)
-{
-       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
-
-       cwq->wq = wq;
-       spin_lock_init(&cwq->lock);
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cwq->worklist);
-       init_waitqueue_head(&cwq->more_work);
-}
-
-static struct task_struct *create_workqueue_thread(struct workqueue_struct *wq,
-                                                       int cpu)
-{
-       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
-       struct task_struct *p;
-
-       if (is_single_threaded(wq))
-               p = kthread_create(worker_thread, cwq, "%s", wq->name);
-       else
-               p = kthread_create(worker_thread, cwq, "%s/%d", wq->name, cpu);
-       if (IS_ERR(p))
-               return NULL;
-       cwq->thread = p;
-       return p;
-}
-
-struct workqueue_struct *__create_workqueue(const char *name,
-                                           int singlethread, int freezeable)
-{
-       int cpu, destroy = 0;
-       struct workqueue_struct *wq;
-       struct task_struct *p;
-
-       wq = kzalloc(sizeof(*wq), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!wq)
-               return NULL;
-
-       wq->cpu_wq = alloc_percpu(struct cpu_workqueue_struct);
-       if (!wq->cpu_wq) {
-               kfree(wq);
-               return NULL;
-       }
-
-       wq->name = name;
-       wq->freezeable = freezeable;
-
-       mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
-       if (singlethread) {
-               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wq->list);
-               init_cpu_workqueue(wq, singlethread_cpu);
-               p = create_workqueue_thread(wq, singlethread_cpu);
-               if (!p)
-                       destroy = 1;
-               else
-                       wake_up_process(p);
-       } else {
-               list_add(&wq->list, &workqueues);
-               for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
-                       init_cpu_workqueue(wq, cpu);
-                       if (!cpu_online(cpu))
-                               continue;
-
-                       p = create_workqueue_thread(wq, cpu);
-                       if (p) {
-                               kthread_bind(p, cpu);
-                               wake_up_process(p);
-                       } else
-                               destroy = 1;
-               }
-       }
-       mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
-
-       /*
-        * Was there any error during startup? If yes then clean up:
-        */
-       if (destroy) {
-               destroy_workqueue(wq);
-               wq = NULL;
-       }
-       return wq;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__create_workqueue);
-
-static void cleanup_workqueue_thread(struct workqueue_struct *wq, int cpu)
-{
-       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
-
-       if (cwq->thread) {
-               kthread_stop(cwq->thread);
-               cwq->thread = NULL;
-       }
-}
-
-/**
- * destroy_workqueue - safely terminate a workqueue
- * @wq: target workqueue
- *
- * Safely destroy a workqueue. All work currently pending will be done first.
- */
-void destroy_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq)
-{
-       int cpu;
-
-       flush_workqueue(wq);
-
-       /* We don't need the distraction of CPUs appearing and vanishing. */
-       mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
-       if (is_single_threaded(wq))
-               cleanup_workqueue_thread(wq, singlethread_cpu);
-       else {
-               for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
-                       cleanup_workqueue_thread(wq, cpu);
-               list_del(&wq->list);
-       }
-       mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
-       free_percpu(wq->cpu_wq);
-       kfree(wq);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(destroy_workqueue);
 
 static struct workqueue_struct *keventd_wq;
 
@@ -821,95 +706,209 @@ int current_is_keventd(void)
 
 }
 
-/* Take the work from this (downed) CPU. */
-static void take_over_work(struct workqueue_struct *wq, unsigned int cpu)
-{
-       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
-       struct list_head list;
-       struct work_struct *work;
-
-       spin_lock_irq(&cwq->lock);
-       list_replace_init(&cwq->worklist, &list);
-       migrate_sequence++;
-
-       while (!list_empty(&list)) {
-               printk("Taking work for %s\n", wq->name);
-               work = list_entry(list.next,struct work_struct,entry);
-               list_del(&work->entry);
-               __queue_work(per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, smp_processor_id()), work);
-       }
-       spin_unlock_irq(&cwq->lock);
-}
-
-/* We're holding the cpucontrol mutex here */
-static int __devinit workqueue_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
-                                 unsigned long action,
-                                 void *hcpu)
-{
-       unsigned int hotcpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
-       struct workqueue_struct *wq;
-
-       switch (action) {
-       case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
-               mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
-               /* Create a new workqueue thread for it. */
-               list_for_each_entry(wq, &workqueues, list) {
-                       if (!create_workqueue_thread(wq, hotcpu)) {
-                               printk("workqueue for %i failed\n", hotcpu);
-                               return NOTIFY_BAD;
-                       }
-               }
-               break;
-
-       case CPU_ONLINE:
-               /* Kick off worker threads. */
-               list_for_each_entry(wq, &workqueues, list) {
-                       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq;
-
-                       cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, hotcpu);
-                       kthread_bind(cwq->thread, hotcpu);
-                       wake_up_process(cwq->thread);
-               }
-               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
-               break;
-
-       case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
-               list_for_each_entry(wq, &workqueues, list) {
-                       if (!per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, hotcpu)->thread)
-                               continue;
-                       /* Unbind so it can run. */
-                       kthread_bind(per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, hotcpu)->thread,
-                                    any_online_cpu(cpu_online_map));
-                       cleanup_workqueue_thread(wq, hotcpu);
-               }
-               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
-               break;
-
-       case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
-               mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
-               break;
-
-       case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
-               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
-               break;
-
-       case CPU_DEAD:
-               list_for_each_entry(wq, &workqueues, list)
-                       cleanup_workqueue_thread(wq, hotcpu);
-               list_for_each_entry(wq, &workqueues, list)
-                       take_over_work(wq, hotcpu);
-               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
-               break;
-       }
-
-       return NOTIFY_OK;
-}
+static struct cpu_workqueue_struct *
+init_cpu_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq, int cpu)
+{
+       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
+
+       cwq->wq = wq;
+       spin_lock_init(&cwq->lock);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cwq->worklist);
+       init_waitqueue_head(&cwq->more_work);
+
+       return cwq;
+}
+
+static int create_workqueue_thread(struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq, int cpu)
+{
+       struct task_struct *p;
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&cwq->lock);
+       cwq->should_stop = 0;
+       p = cwq->thread;
+       spin_unlock_irq(&cwq->lock);
+
+       if (!p) {
+               struct workqueue_struct *wq = cwq->wq;
+               const char *fmt = is_single_threaded(wq) ? "%s" : "%s/%d";
+
+               p = kthread_create(worker_thread, cwq, fmt, wq->name, cpu);
+               /*
+                * Nobody can add the work_struct to this cwq,
+                *      if (caller is __create_workqueue)
+                *              nobody should see this wq
+                *      else // caller is CPU_UP_PREPARE
+                *              cpu is not on cpu_online_map
+                * so we can abort safely.
+                */
+               if (IS_ERR(p))
+                       return PTR_ERR(p);
+
+               cwq->thread = p;
+               if (!is_single_threaded(wq))
+                       kthread_bind(p, cpu);
+               /*
+                * Cancels affinity if the caller is CPU_UP_PREPARE.
+                * Needs a cleanup, but OK.
+                */
+               wake_up_process(p);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int embryonic_cpu __read_mostly = -1;
+
+struct workqueue_struct *__create_workqueue(const char *name,
+                                           int singlethread, int freezeable)
+{
+       struct workqueue_struct *wq;
+       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq;
+       int err = 0, cpu;
+
+       wq = kzalloc(sizeof(*wq), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!wq)
+               return NULL;
+
+       wq->cpu_wq = alloc_percpu(struct cpu_workqueue_struct);
+       if (!wq->cpu_wq) {
+               kfree(wq);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       wq->name = name;
+       wq->freezeable = freezeable;
+
+       if (singlethread) {
+               INIT_LIST_HEAD(&wq->list);
+               cwq = init_cpu_workqueue(wq, singlethread_cpu);
+               err = create_workqueue_thread(cwq, singlethread_cpu);
+       } else {
+               mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
+               list_add(&wq->list, &workqueues);
+
+               for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+                       cwq = init_cpu_workqueue(wq, cpu);
+                       if (err || !(cpu_online(cpu) || cpu == embryonic_cpu))
+                               continue;
+                       err = create_workqueue_thread(cwq, cpu);
+               }
+               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
+       }
+
+       if (err) {
+               destroy_workqueue(wq);
+               wq = NULL;
+       }
+       return wq;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__create_workqueue);
+
+static void cleanup_workqueue_thread(struct workqueue_struct *wq, int cpu)
+{
+       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
+       struct wq_barrier barr;
+       int alive = 0;
+
+       spin_lock_irq(&cwq->lock);
+       if (cwq->thread != NULL) {
+               insert_wq_barrier(cwq, &barr, 1);
+               cwq->should_stop = 1;
+               alive = 1;
+       }
+       spin_unlock_irq(&cwq->lock);
+
+       if (alive) {
+               wait_for_completion(&barr.done);
+
+               while (unlikely(cwq->thread != NULL))
+                       cpu_relax();
+               /*
+                * Wait until cwq->thread unlocks cwq->lock,
+                * it won't touch *cwq after that.
+                */
+               smp_rmb();
+               spin_unlock_wait(&cwq->lock);
+       }
+}
+
+/**
+ * destroy_workqueue - safely terminate a workqueue
+ * @wq: target workqueue
+ *
+ * Safely destroy a workqueue. All work currently pending will be done first.
+ */
+void destroy_workqueue(struct workqueue_struct *wq)
+{
+       if (is_single_threaded(wq))
+               cleanup_workqueue_thread(wq, singlethread_cpu);
+       else {
+               int cpu;
+
+               mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
+               list_del(&wq->list);
+               mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
+
+               for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpu_populated_map)
+                       cleanup_workqueue_thread(wq, cpu);
+       }
+
+       free_percpu(wq->cpu_wq);
+       kfree(wq);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(destroy_workqueue);
+
+static int __devinit workqueue_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
+                                               unsigned long action,
+                                               void *hcpu)
+{
+       struct workqueue_struct *wq;
+       struct cpu_workqueue_struct *cwq;
+       unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
+       int ret = NOTIFY_OK;
+
+       mutex_lock(&workqueue_mutex);
+       embryonic_cpu = -1;
+       if (action == CPU_UP_PREPARE) {
+               cpu_set(cpu, cpu_populated_map);
+               embryonic_cpu = cpu;
+       }
+
+       list_for_each_entry(wq, &workqueues, list) {
+               cwq = per_cpu_ptr(wq->cpu_wq, cpu);
+
+               switch (action) {
+               case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
+                       if (create_workqueue_thread(cwq, cpu))
+                               ret = NOTIFY_BAD;
+                       break;
+
+               case CPU_ONLINE:
+                       set_cpus_allowed(cwq->thread, cpumask_of_cpu(cpu));
+                       break;
+
+               case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
+               case CPU_DEAD:
+                       cwq->should_stop = 1;
+                       wake_up(&cwq->more_work);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               if (ret != NOTIFY_OK) {
+                       printk(KERN_ERR "workqueue for %i failed\n", cpu);
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&workqueue_mutex);
+
+       return ret;
+}
 
 void init_workqueues(void)
 {
+       cpu_populated_map = cpu_online_map;
        singlethread_cpu = first_cpu(cpu_possible_map);
        hotcpu_notifier(workqueue_cpu_callback, 0);
        keventd_wq = create_workqueue("events");
        BUG_ON(!keventd_wq);
 }
-

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