For information for other people who would have the same problem:
Warning

Do not issue the query 'set names' with Connector/J, as the driver will not detect that the character set has changed, and will continue to use the character set detected during the initial connection setup.

To allow multiple character sets to be sent from the client, the "UTF-8" encoding should be used, either by configuring "utf8" as the default server character set, or by configuring the JDBC driver to use "UTF-8" through the characterEncoding property.

(from http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/cj-character-sets.html)

I changed the test db in utf8 and reinserted the data, but still the xml export is not ok, the accentuated characters are still wrong,even using the characterEncoding property of the driver.

So I think the problem is probably not with mysql encoding but may be with the xml export from java, and I found that on the web to ensure you export in the right encoding:
//Open an Output Stream Writer to set encoding
OutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
OutputStream bout = new BufferedOutputStream(fout);
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(bout,"UTF-8");

Just wanted to give some info who may help somebody who is not a java developper (like me!). If somebody around knows if this has any chance to work or if there is an other problem please let me know!

Thanks to everybody for your help.
melanie

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