You need a Linux kernel >= 4.15 to use this feature.

This patch allows us to dump the content of an existing set.

 # nft list ruleset
 table ip x {
        set x {
                type ipv4_addr
                flags interval
                elements = { 1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2, 3.3.3.3,
                             5.5.5.5-6.6.6.6 }
        }
 }

You check if a single element exists in the set:

 # nft get element x x { 1.1.1.5 }
 table ip x {
        set x {
                type ipv4_addr
                flags interval
                elements = { 1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2 }
        }
 }

Output means '1.1.1.5' belongs to the '1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2' interval.

You can also check for intervals:

 # nft get element x x { 1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2 }
 table ip x {
        set x {
                type ipv4_addr
                flags interval
                elements = { 1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2 }
        }
 }

If you try to check for an element that doesn't exist, an error is
displayed.

 # nft get element x x { 1.1.1.0 }
 Error: Could not receive set elements: No such file or directory
 get element x x { 1.1.1.0 }
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

You can also check for multiple elements in one go:

 # nft get element x x { 1.1.1.5, 5.5.5.10 }
 table ip x {
        set x {
                type ipv4_addr
                flags interval
                elements = { 1.1.1.1-2.2.2.2, 5.5.5.5-6.6.6.6 }
        }
 }

You can also use this to fetch the existing timeout for specific
elements, in case you have a set with timeouts in place:

 # nft get element w z { 2.2.2.2 }
 table ip w {
        set z {
                type ipv4_addr
                timeout 30s
                elements = { 2.2.2.2 expires 17s }
        }
 }

Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pa...@netfilter.org>
---
 include/expression.h |   5 +++
 include/mnl.h        |   2 +
 include/netlink.h    |   3 ++
 include/rule.h       |   3 ++
 src/evaluate.c       |  31 ++++++++++++++
 src/mnl.c            |  35 +++++++++++++++-
 src/netlink.c        |  43 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/parser_bison.y   |  12 +++++-
 src/rule.c           |  84 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 src/scanner.l        |   1 +
 src/segtree.c        | 114 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 11 files changed, 326 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/expression.h b/include/expression.h
index 6f4edbf52c42..29dd0346a9b6 100644
--- a/include/expression.h
+++ b/include/expression.h
@@ -433,6 +433,11 @@ extern int set_to_intervals(struct list_head *msgs, struct 
set *set,
                            unsigned int debug_mask, bool merge);
 extern void interval_map_decompose(struct expr *set);
 
+extern struct expr *get_set_intervals(const struct set *set,
+                                     const struct expr *init);
+struct table;
+extern void get_set_decompose(struct table *table, struct set *set);
+
 extern struct expr *mapping_expr_alloc(const struct location *loc,
                                       struct expr *from, struct expr *to);
 extern struct expr *map_expr_alloc(const struct location *loc,
diff --git a/include/mnl.h b/include/mnl.h
index 1b2450a9388e..d3eedeb732db 100644
--- a/include/mnl.h
+++ b/include/mnl.h
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@ int mnl_nft_setelem_batch_del(struct nftnl_set *nls, struct 
nftnl_batch *batch,
 int mnl_nft_setelem_batch_flush(struct nftnl_set *nls, struct nftnl_batch 
*batch,
                                unsigned int flags, uint32_t seqnum);
 int mnl_nft_setelem_get(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct nftnl_set *nls);
+struct nftnl_set *mnl_nft_setelem_get_one(struct netlink_ctx *ctx,
+                                         struct nftnl_set *nls);
 
 struct nftnl_obj_list *mnl_nft_obj_dump(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, int family,
                                        const char *table,
diff --git a/include/netlink.h b/include/netlink.h
index cbe9164de19e..146ec1644ea7 100644
--- a/include/netlink.h
+++ b/include/netlink.h
@@ -167,6 +167,9 @@ extern int netlink_delete_setelems_batch(struct netlink_ctx 
*ctx, const struct h
                                   const struct expr *expr);
 extern int netlink_get_setelems(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, const struct handle 
*h,
                                const struct location *loc, struct set *set);
+extern int netlink_get_setelem(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, const struct handle *h,
+                              const struct location *loc, struct table *table,
+                              struct set *set, struct expr *init);
 extern int netlink_flush_setelems(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, const struct handle 
*h,
                                  const struct location *loc);
 
diff --git a/include/rule.h b/include/rule.h
index 262814ea9ebe..86f728145d2d 100644
--- a/include/rule.h
+++ b/include/rule.h
@@ -255,6 +255,7 @@ struct set {
 extern struct set *set_alloc(const struct location *loc);
 extern struct set *set_get(struct set *set);
 extern void set_free(struct set *set);
+extern struct set *set_clone(const struct set *set);
 extern void set_add_hash(struct set *set, struct table *table);
 extern struct set *set_lookup(const struct table *table, const char *name);
 extern struct set *set_lookup_global(uint32_t family, const char *table,
@@ -353,6 +354,7 @@ void flowtable_print(const struct flowtable *n, struct 
output_ctx *octx);
  * @CMD_CREATE:                create object (exclusive)
  * @CMD_INSERT:                insert object
  * @CMD_DELETE:                delete object
+ * @CMD_GET:           get object
  * @CMD_LIST:          list container
  * @CMD_RESET:         reset container
  * @CMD_FLUSH:         flush container
@@ -369,6 +371,7 @@ enum cmd_ops {
        CMD_CREATE,
        CMD_INSERT,
        CMD_DELETE,
+       CMD_GET,
        CMD_LIST,
        CMD_RESET,
        CMD_FLUSH,
diff --git a/src/evaluate.c b/src/evaluate.c
index 41ba161728af..a2c1c7283d6a 100644
--- a/src/evaluate.c
+++ b/src/evaluate.c
@@ -3146,6 +3146,34 @@ static int cmd_evaluate_delete(struct eval_ctx *ctx, 
struct cmd *cmd)
        }
 }
 
+static int cmd_evaluate_get(struct eval_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd)
+{
+       struct table *table;
+       struct set *set;
+       int ret;
+
+       ret = cache_update(ctx->nf_sock, ctx->cache, cmd->op, ctx->msgs,
+                          ctx->debug_mask & NFT_DEBUG_NETLINK, ctx->octx);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               return ret;
+
+       switch (cmd->obj) {
+       case CMD_OBJ_SETELEM:
+               table = table_lookup(&cmd->handle, ctx->cache);
+               if (table == NULL)
+                       return cmd_error(ctx, "Could not process rule: Table 
'%s' does not exist",
+                                        cmd->handle.table);
+               set = set_lookup(table, cmd->handle.set);
+               if (set == NULL || set->flags & (NFT_SET_MAP | NFT_SET_EVAL))
+                       return cmd_error(ctx, "Could not process rule: Set '%s' 
does not exist",
+                                        cmd->handle.set);
+
+               return setelem_evaluate(ctx, &cmd->expr);
+       default:
+               BUG("invalid command object type %u\n", cmd->obj);
+       }
+}
+
 static int cmd_evaluate_list_obj(struct eval_ctx *ctx, const struct cmd *cmd,
                                 uint32_t obj_type)
 {
@@ -3486,6 +3514,7 @@ static const char * const cmd_op_name[] = {
        [CMD_CREATE]    = "create",
        [CMD_INSERT]    = "insert",
        [CMD_DELETE]    = "delete",
+       [CMD_GET]       = "get",
        [CMD_LIST]      = "list",
        [CMD_FLUSH]     = "flush",
        [CMD_RENAME]    = "rename",
@@ -3523,6 +3552,8 @@ int cmd_evaluate(struct eval_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd)
                return cmd_evaluate_add(ctx, cmd);
        case CMD_DELETE:
                return cmd_evaluate_delete(ctx, cmd);
+       case CMD_GET:
+               return cmd_evaluate_get(ctx, cmd);
        case CMD_LIST:
                return cmd_evaluate_list(ctx, cmd);
        case CMD_RESET:
diff --git a/src/mnl.c b/src/mnl.c
index f620a3bda8d5..3d48bc1b0930 100644
--- a/src/mnl.c
+++ b/src/mnl.c
@@ -941,6 +941,37 @@ int mnl_nft_setelem_batch_del(struct nftnl_set *nls, 
struct nftnl_batch *batch,
                                     seqnum);
 }
 
+struct nftnl_set *mnl_nft_setelem_get_one(struct netlink_ctx *ctx,
+                                         struct nftnl_set *nls_in)
+{
+       char buf[MNL_SOCKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
+       struct nftnl_set *nls_out;
+       struct nlmsghdr *nlh;
+       int err;
+
+       nlh = nftnl_nlmsg_build_hdr(buf, NFT_MSG_GETSETELEM,
+                                   nftnl_set_get_u32(nls_in, NFTNL_SET_FAMILY),
+                                   NLM_F_ACK, ctx->seqnum);
+       nftnl_set_elems_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, nls_in);
+
+       nls_out = nftnl_set_alloc();
+       if (!nls_out)
+               return NULL;
+
+       nftnl_set_set_str(nls_out, NFTNL_SET_TABLE,
+                         nftnl_set_get_str(nls_in, NFTNL_SET_TABLE));
+       nftnl_set_set_str(nls_out, NFTNL_SET_NAME,
+                         nftnl_set_get_str(nls_in, NFTNL_SET_NAME));
+
+       err = nft_mnl_talk(ctx, nlh, nlh->nlmsg_len, set_elem_cb, nls_out);
+       if (err < 0) {
+               nftnl_set_free(nls_out);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       return nls_out;
+}
+
 int mnl_nft_setelem_get(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct nftnl_set *nls)
 {
        char buf[MNL_SOCKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
@@ -948,8 +979,8 @@ int mnl_nft_setelem_get(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct 
nftnl_set *nls)
 
        nlh = nftnl_nlmsg_build_hdr(buf, NFT_MSG_GETSETELEM,
                                    nftnl_set_get_u32(nls, NFTNL_SET_FAMILY),
-                                   NLM_F_DUMP|NLM_F_ACK, ctx->seqnum);
-       nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, nls);
+                                   NLM_F_DUMP | NLM_F_ACK, ctx->seqnum);
+       nftnl_set_elems_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, nls);
 
        return nft_mnl_talk(ctx, nlh, nlh->nlmsg_len, set_elem_cb, nls);
 }
diff --git a/src/netlink.c b/src/netlink.c
index 906568fed4dc..526ec9c110ac 100644
--- a/src/netlink.c
+++ b/src/netlink.c
@@ -1371,6 +1371,7 @@ int netlink_get_setelems(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, const 
struct handle *h,
        int err;
 
        nls = alloc_nftnl_set(h);
+       netlink_dump_set(nls, ctx);
 
        err = mnl_nft_setelem_get(ctx, nls);
        if (err < 0) {
@@ -1400,6 +1401,48 @@ out:
        return err;
 }
 
+int netlink_get_setelem(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, const struct handle *h,
+                       const struct location *loc, struct table *table,
+                       struct set *set, struct expr *init)
+{
+       struct nftnl_set *nls, *nls_out = NULL;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       nls = alloc_nftnl_set(h);
+       alloc_setelem_cache(init, nls);
+
+       netlink_dump_set(nls, ctx);
+
+       nls_out = mnl_nft_setelem_get_one(ctx, nls);
+       if (!nls_out) {
+               nftnl_set_free(nls);
+               if (errno == EINTR)
+                       return -1;
+
+               err = -1;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       ctx->set = set;
+       set->init = set_expr_alloc(loc, set);
+       nftnl_set_elem_foreach(nls_out, list_setelem_cb, ctx);
+
+       if (!(set->flags & NFT_SET_INTERVAL))
+               list_expr_sort(&ctx->set->init->expressions);
+
+       nftnl_set_free(nls);
+       nftnl_set_free(nls_out);
+       ctx->set = NULL;
+
+       if (set->flags & NFT_SET_INTERVAL)
+               get_set_decompose(table, set);
+out:
+       if (err < 0)
+               netlink_io_error(ctx, loc, "Could not receive set elements: %s",
+                                strerror(errno));
+       return err;
+}
+
 void netlink_dump_obj(struct nftnl_obj *nln, struct netlink_ctx *ctx)
 {
        FILE *fp = ctx->octx->output_fp;
diff --git a/src/parser_bison.y b/src/parser_bison.y
index e96340d9baf7..2ccaf9abd751 100644
--- a/src/parser_bison.y
+++ b/src/parser_bison.y
@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@ int nft_lex(void *, void *, void *);
 %token CREATE                  "create"
 %token INSERT                  "insert"
 %token DELETE                  "delete"
+%token GET                     "get"
 %token LIST                    "list"
 %token RESET                   "reset"
 %token FLUSH                   "flush"
@@ -504,8 +505,8 @@ int nft_lex(void *, void *, void *);
 %type <cmd>                    line
 %destructor { cmd_free($$); }  line
 
-%type <cmd>                    base_cmd add_cmd replace_cmd create_cmd 
insert_cmd delete_cmd list_cmd reset_cmd flush_cmd rename_cmd export_cmd 
monitor_cmd describe_cmd import_cmd
-%destructor { cmd_free($$); }  base_cmd add_cmd replace_cmd create_cmd 
insert_cmd delete_cmd list_cmd reset_cmd flush_cmd rename_cmd export_cmd 
monitor_cmd describe_cmd import_cmd
+%type <cmd>                    base_cmd add_cmd replace_cmd create_cmd 
insert_cmd delete_cmd get_cmd list_cmd reset_cmd flush_cmd rename_cmd 
export_cmd monitor_cmd describe_cmd import_cmd
+%destructor { cmd_free($$); }  base_cmd add_cmd replace_cmd create_cmd 
insert_cmd delete_cmd get_cmd list_cmd reset_cmd flush_cmd rename_cmd 
export_cmd monitor_cmd describe_cmd import_cmd
 
 %type <handle>                 table_spec tableid_spec chain_spec chainid_spec 
flowtable_spec chain_identifier ruleid_spec handle_spec position_spec 
rule_position ruleset_spec
 %destructor { handle_free(&$$); } table_spec tableid_spec chain_spec 
chainid_spec flowtable_spec chain_identifier ruleid_spec handle_spec 
position_spec rule_position ruleset_spec
@@ -843,6 +844,7 @@ base_cmd            :       /* empty */     add_cmd         
{ $$ = $1; }
                        |       CREATE          create_cmd      { $$ = $2; }
                        |       INSERT          insert_cmd      { $$ = $2; }
                        |       DELETE          delete_cmd      { $$ = $2; }
+                       |       GET             get_cmd         { $$ = $2; }
                        |       LIST            list_cmd        { $$ = $2; }
                        |       RESET           reset_cmd       { $$ = $2; }
                        |       FLUSH           flush_cmd       { $$ = $2; }
@@ -1094,6 +1096,12 @@ delete_cmd               :       TABLE           
table_spec
                        }
                        ;
 
+get_cmd                        :       ELEMENT         set_spec        
set_block_expr
+                       {
+                               $$ = cmd_alloc(CMD_GET, CMD_OBJ_SETELEM, &$2, 
&@$, $3);
+                       }
+                       ;
+
 list_cmd               :       TABLE           table_spec
                        {
                                $$ = cmd_alloc(CMD_LIST, CMD_OBJ_TABLE, &$2, 
&@$, NULL);
diff --git a/src/rule.c b/src/rule.c
index 99b12e97a1fa..72dd76da0301 100644
--- a/src/rule.c
+++ b/src/rule.c
@@ -210,6 +210,26 @@ struct set *set_alloc(const struct location *loc)
        return set;
 }
 
+struct set *set_clone(const struct set *set)
+{
+       struct set *new_set;
+
+       new_set                 = set_alloc(NULL);
+       handle_merge(&new_set->handle, &set->handle);
+       new_set->flags          = set->flags;
+       new_set->gc_int         = set->gc_int;
+       new_set->timeout        = set->timeout;
+       new_set->key            = expr_clone(set->key);
+       new_set->datatype       = set->datatype;
+       new_set->datalen        = set->datalen;
+       new_set->objtype        = set->objtype;
+       new_set->policy         = set->policy;
+       new_set->automerge      = set->automerge;
+       new_set->desc.size      = set->desc.size;
+
+       return new_set;
+}
+
 struct set *set_get(struct set *set)
 {
        set->refcnt++;
@@ -1772,6 +1792,14 @@ static int do_list_chains(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, 
struct cmd *cmd)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static void __do_list_set(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd,
+                         struct table *table, struct set *set)
+{
+       table_print_declaration(table, ctx->octx);
+       set_print(set, ctx->octx);
+       nft_print(ctx->octx, "}\n");
+}
+
 static int do_list_set(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd,
                       struct table *table)
 {
@@ -1781,9 +1809,7 @@ static int do_list_set(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct 
cmd *cmd,
        if (set == NULL)
                return -1;
 
-       table_print_declaration(table, ctx->octx);
-       set_print(set, ctx->octx);
-       nft_print(ctx->octx, "}\n");
+       __do_list_set(ctx, cmd, table, set);
 
        return 0;
 }
@@ -1839,6 +1865,56 @@ static int do_command_list(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, 
struct cmd *cmd)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static int do_get_setelems(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd,
+                          struct table *table)
+{
+       struct set *set, *new_set;
+       struct expr *init;
+       int err;
+
+       set = set_lookup(table, cmd->handle.set);
+
+       /* Create a list of elements based of what we got from command line. */
+       if (set->flags & NFT_SET_INTERVAL)
+               init = get_set_intervals(set, cmd->expr);
+       else
+               init = cmd->expr;
+
+       new_set = set_clone(set);
+
+       /* Fetch from kernel the elements that have been requested .*/
+       err = netlink_get_setelem(ctx, &cmd->handle, &cmd->location,
+                                 table, new_set, init);
+       if (err < 0)
+               return err;
+
+       __do_list_set(ctx, cmd, table, new_set);
+
+       if (set->flags & NFT_SET_INTERVAL)
+               expr_free(init);
+
+       set_free(new_set);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int do_command_get(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd)
+{
+       struct table *table = NULL;
+
+       if (cmd->handle.table != NULL)
+               table = table_lookup(&cmd->handle, ctx->cache);
+
+       switch (cmd->obj) {
+       case CMD_OBJ_SETELEM:
+               return do_get_setelems(ctx, cmd, table);
+       default:
+               BUG("invalid command object type %u\n", cmd->obj);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
 static int do_command_reset(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd)
 {
        struct obj *obj, *next;
@@ -2017,6 +2093,8 @@ int do_command(struct netlink_ctx *ctx, struct cmd *cmd)
                return do_command_replace(ctx, cmd);
        case CMD_DELETE:
                return do_command_delete(ctx, cmd);
+       case CMD_GET:
+               return do_command_get(ctx, cmd);
        case CMD_LIST:
                return do_command_list(ctx, cmd);
        case CMD_RESET:
diff --git a/src/scanner.l b/src/scanner.l
index 38e92db070d2..ab10738b9a95 100644
--- a/src/scanner.l
+++ b/src/scanner.l
@@ -274,6 +274,7 @@ addrstring  ({macaddr}|{ip4addr}|{ip6addr})
 "create"               { return CREATE; }
 "insert"               { return INSERT; }
 "delete"               { return DELETE; }
+"get"                  { return GET; }
 "list"                 { return LIST; }
 "reset"                        { return RESET; }
 "flush"                        { return FLUSH; }
diff --git a/src/segtree.c b/src/segtree.c
index 1c23d4b81a0d..de68071cba15 100644
--- a/src/segtree.c
+++ b/src/segtree.c
@@ -578,6 +578,120 @@ int set_to_intervals(struct list_head *errs, struct set 
*set,
        return 0;
 }
 
+static void set_elem_add(const struct set *set, struct expr *init, mpz_t value,
+                        uint32_t flags)
+{
+       struct expr *expr;
+
+       expr = constant_expr_alloc(&internal_location, set->key->dtype,
+                                  set->key->byteorder, set->key->len, NULL);
+       mpz_set(expr->value, value);
+       expr = set_elem_expr_alloc(&internal_location, expr);
+       expr->flags = flags;
+
+       compound_expr_add(init, expr);
+}
+
+struct expr *get_set_intervals(const struct set *set, const struct expr *init)
+{
+       struct expr *new_init;
+       mpz_t low, high;
+       struct expr *i;
+
+       mpz_init2(low, set->key->len);
+       mpz_init2(high, set->key->len);
+
+       new_init = list_expr_alloc(&internal_location);
+
+       list_for_each_entry(i, &init->expressions, list) {
+               switch (i->key->ops->type) {
+               case EXPR_VALUE:
+                       set_elem_add(set, new_init, i->key->value, i->flags);
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       range_expr_value_low(low, i);
+                       set_elem_add(set, new_init, low, 0);
+                       range_expr_value_high(high, i);
+                       mpz_add_ui(high, high, 1);
+                       set_elem_add(set, new_init, high, EXPR_F_INTERVAL_END);
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       mpz_clear(low);
+       mpz_clear(high);
+
+       return new_init;
+}
+
+static struct expr *get_set_interval_end(const struct table *table,
+                                        const char *set_name,
+                                        struct expr *left)
+{
+       struct set *set;
+       mpz_t low, high;
+       struct expr *i;
+
+       set = set_lookup(table, set_name);
+       mpz_init2(low, set->key->len);
+       mpz_init2(high, set->key->len);
+
+       list_for_each_entry(i, &set->init->expressions, list) {
+               switch (i->key->ops->type) {
+               case EXPR_RANGE:
+                       range_expr_value_low(low, i);
+                       if (mpz_cmp(low, left->key->value) == 0) {
+                               left = range_expr_alloc(&internal_location,
+                                                       expr_clone(left->key),
+                                                       
expr_clone(i->key->right));
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       mpz_clear(low);
+       mpz_clear(high);
+
+       return left;
+}
+
+void get_set_decompose(struct table *table, struct set *set)
+{
+       struct expr *i, *next, *new;
+       struct expr *left = NULL;
+       struct expr *new_init;
+
+       new_init = set_expr_alloc(&internal_location, set);
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(i, next, &set->init->expressions, list) {
+               if (i->flags & EXPR_F_INTERVAL_END && left) {
+                       list_del(&left->list);
+                       list_del(&i->list);
+                       mpz_sub_ui(i->key->value, i->key->value, 1);
+                       new = range_expr_alloc(&internal_location, left, i);
+                       compound_expr_add(new_init, new);
+                       left = NULL;
+               } else {
+                       if (left) {
+                               left = get_set_interval_end(table,
+                                                           set->handle.set,
+                                                           left);
+                               compound_expr_add(new_init, left);
+                       }
+                       left = i;
+               }
+       }
+       if (left) {
+               left = get_set_interval_end(table, set->handle.set, left);
+               compound_expr_add(new_init, left);
+       }
+
+       set->init = new_init;
+}
+
 static bool range_is_prefix(const mpz_t range)
 {
        mpz_t tmp;
-- 
2.11.0

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