Terimakasih mas.
Sosok penjembatan ini memang sangat mutlak perlu, dialam konfrontasi
kebudayaan (terutama miskin kaya) yang kian mencuat. Ketajaman
konfontasi tidak saja kita lihat antara agama agama, misalnya Islam
Kristen atau Islam barat, namun juga antara Kristen makmur dan
Kristen melarat terhisap. Lihat saja krisis antara USA dan tetangga
tetangga di Amerika Latin, yang kesemuanya bernominasi Katholik.
Juga antara dua komunitas yang budayanya "bersaudara": Srilangka dan
Macan Tamil.
Hari ini, 1 Mei, adalah symbol konfrontasi historis antara buruh dan
majikan (terutama pemilik pabrik). me-mediasi kedua pihak adalah
peran yang mulia, dibutuhkan, namun sulit.
Sosok penengah memang sulit. Mereka sering terjepit, dan malah
seringkali dibunuh: Simon Perez dari Israel, Mahatma Gandhi dan
Abraham Lincoln.
Sosok intellektual Kristiani, yang seringkali mengecam pedas
pimpinan gereja (Katholik) dan melakukan pendekatan untuk memahami
Islam, Hans Kung dari Swiss malah dipecat dari jabatannya oleh
pimpinan gereja Katholik.
Seringkali konflik dipicu untuk memperkokoh posisi sebuah kelompok
(politik, agama atau yang lain). Posisi keras pimpinan agama di Iran
akan lebih mudah mendapat tepuk tangan umat, daripada mereka yang
ingin menjembatani budaya.
Ini sama dimana saja.
salam
danardono
--- In ppiindia@yahoogroups.com, "imuchtarom" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote:
>
>
>
> terimakasih atas tanggapan pak Danardono dan mbak
> Listy. Mencoba menjawab pertanyaan pak Danardono,
> mengenai 'profil', peran atau 'misi' yang kiranya
> akan dibawakan oleh tokoh seperti Dr. Murad Hofmann
> (MH) ini:
>
> * saya pertama (dan terakhir) mendengarkan ceramah
> beliau di aula KBRI Bonn - atas undangan mahasiswa
> muslim indonesia - di tahun 1998. Sayang, waktu
> itu mungkin karena belum begitu 'mengenal' beliau,
> dan belum begitu paham bhs. jerman, saya enggak
> banyak nangkep isinya :)
>
> * saya juga baru pernah membaca 1 buku beliau dari
> sekian banyak buku beliau lainnya sehingga belum
> merasa bisa "nangkep" profil pemikirnnya.
>
> * tapi setelah membaca resensi buku MH yang terbaru(?):
> "Islam-2000" yang ditulis oleh salah seorang pembacanya
> saya coba-2 me"raba" profil pemikiran beliau.
>
> ( a) Sebagian 'daftar-peran' yg. ditulis pak Danardono
> saya kira (tentu saja) benar, yaitu harapan bahwa
> MH akan bisa menjadi semacam "jembatan" antara
> Islam dan Barat. Mungkin ya semacam * Tariq Ramadan *
> tapi ber-etnik eropa "pribumi".
>
> Di dalam buku tersebut MH nampaknya secara eksplisit
> menyebutkan (salah satu misinya): mengajak Ummat Islam
> "melakukan perbaikan ke dalam" agar bisa membuktikan
> bahwa thesis Samuel Huntington: mengenai clash between
> civilizations ( barat >< islam ) itu salah.
>
> Tetapi menjadi "penengah" seperti ini ya tentu saja
> ada peluang positif tapi juga ada resiko ("negatif")
> nya.
>
> => peluang positifnya, ybs mungkin bisa "mempertemukan"
> atau setidak-2 nya mengurangi jurang/kesalahpahaman
> yang memisahkan kedua belah pihak yang dicoba
di"tengahi"
>
> => resiko negatifnya, ybs. bisa jadi malah "dimusuhi"
> oleh kedua belah pihak - setidak-2 nya oleh elemen-2
> "keras" yang biasanya ada di kedua belah pihak yang
> "bermusuhan":
>
> -> Oleh pihak barat yang "fanatik" dengan pandangan
> hidupnya, orang seperti Murad Hofman dan Tarik
> Ramadan bisa dicap sebagai "fundamentalist" yang
> punya "agenda" hendak "meng islamkan" eropa :)
> dan memang tuduhan semacam ini sudah dialami
> oleh kedua beliau di atas ... :)
>
> -> oleh pihak muslim "garis keras", orang seperti
> Murad Hofmann dan Tarik Ramadan dipandang "masih
> terlalu akomodatif" dengan nilai-2 barat, kurang
> "tegas" mengungkapkan "the true identity" of
> Islam.
>
> Komentar semacam itu yang mengritik Tarik Ramadan
> pernah saya dengar sendiri dari seorang imigran
> Muslim di Eropa. Untuk pak Murad, entah ya,
apakah
> juga akan ada kritik serupa (?).
>
> (b) Yang penting saya garis bawahi adalah bahwa orang-2
> seperti Tarik Ramadan akan bersikap kritis ke kedua
> belah pihak: kritik terhadap 'peradaban barat/eropa'
> saat ini, tetapi juga kritik terhadap berbagai
> kelemahan yang ada pada ummat islam.
>
> (c) Baru kali ini saya memperhatikan: Salah satu "agenda"
> Murad Hofmann, nampaknya adalah mempromosikan sistem
> ekonomi yang islami yang dia yakin akan bisa memperbaiki
> kekurangan yang ada pada sistem ekonomi kapitalis barat.
>
> komentar saya:
> --------------
> kalau Hofmann bermaksud mengritik sistem
> ekonomi kapitalis, saya rasa kritik tsb. lebih layak
> di alamatkan ke Amerika dan bukan ke Eropa yang umumnya
> ( secara ke "dalam" ) masih berusaha menerapkan
> sistem "sosialis"
>
> ( meskipun makin lama terasa semakin "berat" - a.l.
akibat
> berubahnya struktur demografi masyarakat eropa - gimana
> mo menerapkan sistem "welfare state" kalo penduduknya
> di dominasi manusia usia "jompo" - karena penduduk
> "pribumi"nya ogah punya anak? :) ).
>
> (d) Ada satu hal kecil yang bagi saya terasa mengganjal:
> Menurut resensi buku tsb. Salah satu kelemahan ummat
> islam yang di identifikasi oleh Murad Hofmann adalah
> "takut dengan teknologi": Weleh, dari mana pak Murad
> bisa punya penilaian semacam itu?
>
> Saya melihat satu-2 nya "jenis teknologi" yang
> dianggap "kontroversial" atau "beresiko" akan
> "compromising" thd. nilai-2 ke islaman adalah
> teknologi komunikasi dan informasi ( misalnya
> tayangan "porno" lewat satellite-TV atau internet ).
> Tapi toh faktanya 10 tahun terakhir ini jumlah
> stasiun TV dan situs-2 internet di dunia muslim
> juga terus bertambah.
>
> (e) Last but not least, nambahin info mengenai "CV"
> pak Murad Hofmann: ternyata beliau mendapat gelar
> Doktor dari Universitas Munich (1957), lalu setelah
> itu masih menyempatkan sekolah lagi di Harvard USA,
> dan mendapat gelar Master di bidang American Law di
> tahun 1960.
>
> <http://www.amana-publications.com/1997_books.shtml>
>
> Isi resensi buku "Islam 2000" saya cantumkan di bawah
> ini.
>
> --------( IM )------------------------------
>
>
> <http://www.islamicvoice.com/2001-07/book.htm>
>
>
>
> -----------------------------
> Islam for the New Millennium
> -----------------------------
>
> Former German Diplomat Murad Hofmann suggests
> amendments in Muslim attitudes to avert the
> Huntingtonian prophesies
>
> -----------------------------------------------
>
>
> "Islam 2000"
>
> Murad Hofmann
>
> Amana Publications
> Beltsville, Maryland, USA
> e-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
> Price not stated, Pages 72
> Reviewed by Maqbool Ahmed Siraj
>
>
> Former German diplomat Murad Hoffman's "Islam 2000"
> must be read by all those who had felt incensed after
> reading Samuel Huntington's Clash of Civilization.
> Having served as Germany's ambassador in Algeria
> and Morocco, the author has come up with this book
> in response to dual challenges of averting conflict
> between the West and Islam on one hand, and presenting
> Islam to a West that has grown sterile of any ideology,
> on the other.
>
> The Western civilization has lost its ideological
> moorings. Current concept of Jesus Christ being
> `son of God' prevents the regeneration of Europe
> as the Christian world has grown convinced during
> the last 200 years that divinity of Jesus is
> untenable. This largely explains the agnosticism
> and atheism.
>
> Sense of victory in the West in the wake of the
> collapse of Communism and the Soviet Union proved
> short-lived. Wars and ethnic cleansing in the heart
> of Europe, exploitation of environment by trans-
> nationals and excessive consumerism made the objective
> of the West-propelled Liberalization obvious. Faith
> in God has been replaced by faith in `progress'.
>
> So an average Westerner expects all the people to
> wear jeans, drink colas, smoke Marlboros, eat
> hamburgers, watch CNN and be proforma members of
> some Christian church. But Muslim worldview is
> that people should live as believers, not merely
> citizens, technology to be devoid of its dehumanizing
> aspects, and subservience to one God not to beauty,
> power, sex, technology and NASDAQ.
>
> The West is not bothered as long as the individuals
> in the West adopt faiths of folkloristic value such
> as Buddhism or Shintoism, anything other than Islam.
> In fact, Islam is the only religion that cannot count
> on benign neglect or sincere toleration. Some of the
> reasons why Islam has been associated with intolerance,
> are the creation of the Muslims alone.
>
> Events in Libya or Iran or invasion of Kuwait are a
> few among them. Moreover, Islam is nowhere seen fully
> in practice and the Islamic economy model is nowhere
> in operation. And thirdly because the West largely
> remains unaware of the contributions of Islam to
> science and arts in as much as, "To be ignorant about
> Islam and its culture, in Europe or the United States,
> is not yet considered a lack of education.
>
> In order to defuse the explosive situation between two
> sides of the Mediterranean, Hoffman urges Muslims to
> initiate reforms aimed at removing illiteracy and fear
> of technology.
>
> In order to defuse the explosive situation between two
> sides of the Mediterranean, Hoffman urges Muslims to
> initiate reforms aimed at removing illiteracy and fear
> of technology, (technopobia to be precise) from among
> Muslims. Some of the observations are significant.
>
> Memorizing the holy Quran during the early years of
> Islam was beneficial because this was the only means
> for Islam to survive intact in the age of brutal
> suppression. But this has its drawbacks. Invariably
> everywhere, Muslim pupils try to learn their lessons
> by-heart. This smothers capacity to analyse. It was
> Muslim Spain that gave to the world its first windmills.
>
> But today if the water toilets do not function, one
> has to understand that he is in a Muslim country.
> The author dismisses the so-called efforts of Islamization
> of Knowledge as misguided. He instead urges effort to create
> scientists who are true Muslims.
>
> Western perception of women in Islam being suppressed
> is often reinforced by how Muslim interpreters chose
> to interpret the Quranic verse Ar-Raijalu Qawwamuna
> Alan Nisa (generally translated as `Men are placed
> above women' in the Muslim world, while German diplomat
> Leopold Muhammad Asad renders it as `Men shall take
> full care of women').
>
> The Quran and the Sunnah do not prescribe once and
> for all, any specific form of state or method of election.
> A Muslim parliamentary democracy will neither be theocratic
> nor secular, but rather an ideological, state, with the
> Quran as its supreme law. Pleading for riba to be treated
> as `usury' and not `interest', he says, the verses regarding
> the abolition of riba are flaunted as magic wand for
> Islamizing the economy.
>
> The abolition of riba can happen only in an economy that
> is already Islamized. At any rate, all non-Muslim states
> also honour some supreme statute which at least in part,
> is not subject to possible revision. So on the question of
> state and government, the Muslims should not hide or fumble,
> but when challenged on the question of democracy, republicanism
> or separation of power, they should assure their challengers
> that none of these concepts is, by nature, foreign or inimical
> to Islam.
>
> He also advises that Muslims should squarely admit that the
> Islamic economy will not be, cannot be and does not want
> to be as profitable, or as competitive as the Western economy,
> because Islam does not treat man as an economic animal and
> is not merely for maximization of profits, optimization of
> production and minimization of costs, the capitalist mantras.
>
> The Muslim world suffers from monumental public relations
> deficit. Undeniably, quite a lot of Islamic literature is
> shipped to the Western countries from Muslim sources. Alas,
> most of this material is ineffective because of low quality
> of paper, faulty English and incredible amounts of printing
> mistakes. This kind of dawah effort suffers even more by its
> approach: Usually it preaches to the converted.
>
> But in order to carry out all these prescriptions, the
> Muslim world is called upon to avoid confusing religion
> and the civilization of Islam, fundamental and marginal
> aspects, tradition and taqlid, sound and fabricated hadiths,
> shariah and fiqh and the Quran and the sunnah.
>
> Steeped in the Western rationalism, Murad Hoffman's
> prescriptions need to be read with utmost attention
> by all in the Muslim world and appreciated for its
> candour, depth of insight and sympathy that this
> neo-Muslim has developed for Islam.
>
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------
>
