dari milis sebelah sekalian mengenal pendekatan konteks dan metode hermenuetika.
At 06:43 AM 12/20/2006, you wrote: >Senang sekali mendapat kado dari Mbak Dewi, terima kasih banyak. >Saya belajar lebih mengenal Muhammad SAW jadinya. Kadonya saya buka >dan bagi-bagikan ya :-) semoga Mbak Dewi tidak keberatan. All the best, >Ida Khouw > >"We are crying for new Muhammads, fighters of gender equality, in >our poor and most densely populated Muslim country in the world." > >-------------------------- > >Mbak Ida yang baik, > >Senang sekali dapat balasan. Ini ada kado untuk Mbak Ida. Semangat >Muhammad adalah semangat minoritas waktu itu. Dia adalah pejuang >kesetaraan gender sejati. > >Salam hangat, >dewi > >__________________________________________________________ > >Women as the Pestilence of Democracy? > >Dewi Candraningrum, Asienhaus, Germany > >In the traditional Javanese philosopy, we have a popular advice >given to the new elected leader: "Ojo silap karo harto, tahto, lan >wanito" (Do not easily being tempted by wealth, position, and >woman). The advice goes further that "the leaders should serve those >they are going to lead". This advice departed from an >epistemological construction that women are contested objects. This >old sayings had long lubricated the wheel of the patriachal feodal >noble rank of Javanese Kingdoms. Relocating dozens of wives in >Keputren (similar to Harem-Middle East, Zenana-Indian Continent, and >Playboy mansion in its modern version) and treated them as precious >jewels which became Raja's symbol of power as the absolute Master >and the people as his servants. > >Don't worry too much, this was only paraded by the feodal noble rank >circle. How about the people? Those who lived outside of the circle, >mostly, practiced monogamy. Women and men went together working in >the rice field. Compared to the women who were kept in the Keputren >and were not allowed to enter into the public arena, ordinary women >had their breath outside of the domestic life. Even, traditional >Javanese market were supported by Javanese women's sellers. This >artefacts left its imprint in the well-known Klewer textil market in >Surakarta where women's seller dominated the daily transactions. >Muhammad Yunus, founder of Grameen bank in Bangladesh who helps >women's micro economic credits who is awarded with prestigious Nobel >Price this year, is very correct when he said "women are better with >money". These women could claim their independence roles within the >public arena as well as are being able to serve their beloved family >in the domestic arena. > >Prophet Muhammad devoted all his life to serve his Ummah. He never >positioned himself as Master to His Ummah. He was a true fighter for >gender equality. Muhammad protested and banned the burial of baby >girls and the practice of having hundred of wives among the wealthy >high rank in the Arab world. Muhammad lifted women's existence >as "complete-human being" to counter the jahiliyah Arab society who >regarded women as "half-human being". Muhammad's perspective >relocated women's position from the contested object to the >independence subject. This universal conscience is also affirmed by >our Republic Indonesia, a state which affirm democracy as one of the >basic philosophy to guarantee the very rights women have. > >The Indonesian parade of polygamy is the parade of wealthy high rank >who occupy the state, who regard themselves as "Master" rather >than "Servant of the People". Indonesia is very well known of its >corrupted government. One of the notable pestilence is their illegal >practice outside of the monogamous marriage, whether polygamy or >nikah sirri which are strongly objected even by our Islamic Law >Compilation. This further mushroommed the inevitable corruption, >leading to bad performance in managing the state. What a shame to >promote polygamy in a poor state like Indonesia. > >The landscape of current corruption is characterized by a >perspective that maintains women's existence not more than >constested objects. "Women" are objectified and being correlated as >source of temptation which is similar to the temptation attached to >the word "wealth" and "position". The reciprocal hybdridization and >inter-penetration of "communal" textual patriarchal interpretation >of Sharia and "egoistical" western modern cosmology have been used >by dirty corrupted state leaders to justify their act in violating >their monogamous marriage. They will say loudly: "do not immerse >privat matters into state policy". They are clever indeed. On the >one hand, they strongly and loudly pushed their gender-bias >interpretation of Sharia to regulate of how women shall behave in >the public into the state policy, that is the ratification of 23 >Sharia Districts Regulations which robbed the rights of women to >enter into the economic activities and freedom of identity in >chosing their way of dressing. On the other hand, they loudly >denounced women's activists amandement on marriage law into the >state policy which has been clearly abused by leaders who revive the >practice of Harem which was banned by Prophet Muhammad himself. This >is gross violation against women's rights. They pushed policy they >liked and banned policy they didn't like. What a wishy washy. >Behold, we are your citizens as well whose rights shall be assured. > >"Do not steal our very basic rights in the marriage law. If you want >to exercise polygamy, ask first our permissions. Don't tell us that >you have already married (nikah sirri) a girl without first asking >our permission, the permission of your wife and your children. Do >not steal our rights in choosing the way of dressing. Do not steal >our rights in accessing the economic activities. Do protect us from >structural poverty that push us selling our bodies. Do protect us >from the medias who sell our bodies cheaply. Catch those who >traffick us in the black market. Listen to the more gender-based >interpretation of our beloved Sharia, that undoubtedly protect our >very rights. Listen to the voice of those who are experts in the >legal formulation who affirm the gender-mainstreaming project >initiated by Ministery for Women Empowerment. If you deteriote our >rights, you deteriorate the rights of your citizens. This means, >once again, Violation Against Women's rights (VAW)". > >Do we, women, the pestilence of democracy? Women, if seen as >contested object, becomes the most temptational object ever in this >world. Whose perspective is this? This is the perspective exercised >by our leaders who regard themselves as Master. They regard their >positions as Raja of a feodal kingdom Indonesia. They revive >Javanese mythology that regard women as their symbol of power. They >forget that Indonesia is a Republic that affirms democracy. >Democracy, demos and kratos, means the power of the People instead >of the power of the Master. Give us back our rights that you have >stolen. > >Women, indeed the strong propagator of democracy. Women, if seen as >an independence subject, shall claim their "guaranteed-rights" in >front of the state. I buy the bravery of the Indonesian women >activists's proposal in banning the practice of poligamy, not only >for the civil servants, but also for those state leaders who regard >themselves as Master instead of Servant of the People. I buy their >daring amendement of the marriage law. We are longing for state >leaders who piously regard themselves as Servant of the Ummah, >Servant of the State, Servant of the Citizens, and respecting every >rights we deserve to exercise. We are crying for new Muhammads, >fighters of gender equality, in our poor and most densely populated >Muslim country in the world. > >Dewi Candraningrum (Univ Muhammadiyah Surakarta) is recipient of >DAAD Stipendium who currently pursues doctoral degree as well as >teaches at the Institut fuer Ethnologie, Univ. Muenster. She can be >reached at ><<http://groups.yahoo.com/group/forum_jimm/post?postID=wWjQh--iG_8F2Gw5fxDIyc3O4-Usc7S5ji14nIiBNIF1EYU-wu2JkwH1PuJ8vTknP4u9qfulTfvHLRXqrRGkejpsRj1AQc30zNwF9i4>[EMAIL > PROTECTED]>. > > >"Ida I. Khouw" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > >Terima kasih banyak Mbak Dewi buat emailnya yang sangat mencerahkan. >Replynya saya cc.kan ke milis Pantau, Jurnalisme dan Mediacare >dimana tulisan Mbak Sirikit diposting dan dibahas. > >Tambahan dari saya: >Keprihatinan saya terhadap orang2 yg tipikal di step 1-3 (untuk >menyederhanakan saya suka labeli mereka sebagai kaum >literalis/tekstualis), selain sangat takut keluar dari 'box' >sendiri, mereka juga cenderung berpenyakit akut sentimen antipati >terhadap konsep2 yg dianggap asing, spt terhadap hermeneutika (saya >kira sikap antipati itu terutama karena pisau analisis studi sejarah >ini dipakai di studi biblika Kristen), dan feminisme serta gerakan >perempuan (seperti tercermin di artikel Sirikit). Parahnya, sikap >antipati ini sering dibarengi dengan pengetahuan yg dangkal terhadap >konsep2 yg mereka antipati-i itu. > >Sementara menyangkut feminisme, bila ditelisik secara kritis Nabi >Muhammad -menurut beberapa teman saya- sebetulnya seorang feminis di >jamannya (andai istilah feminis sudah ditemukan saat itu): betapa >tidak, beliau berani memanusiakan perempuan pada masa ketika nilai >perempuan hanyalah setara dengan harta milik (benda mati). Salah >satu contoh: ketika perempuan tak diakui nilai kemanusiaanya, >Muhammad SAW tampil dengan konsep perhitungan warisan untuk >perempuan, suatu 'gebrakan' yg revolusioner saya kira. > >Sayang, sebagian besar umatnya gagal melihat spirit ini, boro2 >melanjutkan spirit pembebasan ini di konteks masa kini Indonesia >yang bukan Arab jaman jahiliyah. Di sini pula gagalnya mereka >melihat makna dibalik pembatasan empat istri di konteks Arab jahil :-) > >Salam balik dan selamat menikmati ornamen2 Natal di Muenster :D, >Ida Khouw Date: Sat, 16 Dec 2006 10:42:27 -0000 From: "d. candraningrum" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: "idakho uw" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> Subject: Re: Hermeneutika dan Fenomena Taklid Baru Mbak Ida yang baik dan temen2 WM semua, semoga sehat selalu. Maaf, saya belum tahu kalau Mbak Ida tanya saya soal hermeneutika di sini (milis WM). hanya sesekali saja saya mampir di WM. Terima kasih banyak Mbak atas apresiasinya (tulisan di Jurnal Perempuan). Mengenai Hermeneutika (a la Yunani-Barat), ada bahasa lain yang serupa, yaitu "ilmu tafsir" (a la Muslim). tapi, Pak Syamsuddin ini tidak mau mengakui kalau "ilmu tafsir" itu adalah juga pisau "hermeneutika". Keduanya memiliki esensi yang sama, meski beda kata. cara bedah-nya ada beberapa tahap: A. Impersonal Other 1. I talk about It 2. I talk about They 3. I talk with You It, They dan You itu masih "impersonal", tidak menganggap orang lain setara dengan kita. Ini biasa dilakukan pemikir yang melihat/mengkritik konsep lain, dari kandang sendiri. Step ke-3 ini,masih yang paling aman dipakai, demi keselamatan identitas masing2. Jadi tidak perlu memaksakan satu sama lain. tapi masih menganggap orang lain sebagai orang lain. Dengan Step-3 ini kedua partisipan saling mengakui kebenaran masing2, tapi, tidak memilih bahwa partisipan lain juga mengungkapkan kebenaran. B. Personal Other 4. We discuss, atau We talk each other "We" ini memposisikan si peneliti/penerjemah sama dengan obyek studi. Dengan step ke-4 ini, kita saling mengakui dan menghargai "kebenaran" yang diproduksi oleh konsep lain. Step 4 ini mempercayai "universal conscience", bahwa setiap manusia, setiap kosmologi yang berbeda, sebenarnyalah, memiliki KESAMAAN HIKMAH yang tak terbantahkan. Sakit akut yang dimiliki "ras-etnis-umat agama-bangsa-dll" manapun adalah manakala mereka berbicara ttg orang lain dengan memakai step 1-2-3. Yang paling sehat adalah step nomor 4. Mbak Sirikit (dlm tulisan Hypocrisy Poligamy & Potret Keliru Poligami) dan Pak Syamsuddin (dalam tulisan Wahdatul Wujud dan Hermeneutika) ini adalah tipikal pemikir di step 1-2-3. Belum memilih step ke-4. Dengan step 4 ini, kita disyaratkan keluar dari kosmologi konsep kita, dan meneropong yang lain, secara setara. Jika ini tulisan ilmiah-akademik, step 4 ini pilihan terbagus. Jika ini mengenai keyakinan, sebaiknya Step-3, tetapi, tentu saja, tidak mencampurnya dengan perspektif ilmiah. karena akan berbenturan secara disipliner. Begitu mbak. menurut dewi. kita sambung diskusinya kalau Mbak Ida lagi ndak repot. salam hangat dari Muenster, dewi candraningrum [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
