I know this is a newbie-esque q, but what's the best way of knowing what the intended email address was on a bounce? I know there are VERPs and QSBF involved, but I'm not sure where to go next. My basic understanding is that the best way is to have outgoing messages have a special Return-Path header so that you have the headers To: [EMAIL PROTECTED] From: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Return-Path: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Is that a VERP? Once that's been set up, then what? Are the MAILER-DAEMON "failure notice" messages useful? Here's specifics: I run a specially configured moderated mailing list, and don't really want to try to use ezmlm because the current setup functions (but needs to be improved). (For example, people can't subscribe to the list by sending a request to the list.) There's a server that handles the database of subscribers and incoming mail. (list.com) I'm using perl to handle incoming messages. (A basic NT SMTP server receives them and dumps them in a folder.) There's a FreeBSD server whose only purpose is to run qmail to send outgoing mail. (qmailer.backend.com). When a message needs to be sent off, list.com hands off the messages to qmailer.backend.com. No problem, everything cool. Then list.com gets all the [EMAIL PROTECTED] bounce messages (and all the other bounce messages, like AOL's bounce). I want to unsubscribe the bounces. (Is there any reason I shouldn't?) My guess is that ezmlm's bounce handler is the best method, but what exactly is it? I know it sends out a probe, but what's the mechanism for emulating that behavior? Is just grepping the MAILER-DAEMON messages for the QSBF a reasonable option? It seems like there should be a better way.