This is very possibly not a question on R.

I was under the impression that the argument that gives rise to Fisher's
LSD method in ANOVA works in other situations with three-way comparisons
too, given that formal logic works the same ("if the omnibus test rejects,
only two of the three groups may be equal, and therefore only one hypothesis
can be rejected falsely").

However, when I applied the method to survival models with a frailty term,
it looks as if things are not that easy. With simulated data, the global
test of a categorical explanatory variable with three categories rejects
nicely at the .05 level, but the culprit cannot be found among the pairwise
tests:

Call:
coxph(formula = Surv(start, stop, obs) ~ I(interv == "PERSON") + 
    I(interv == "TAU") + frailty.gamma(subjid), data = cip)

                          coef  se(coef) se2   Chisq DF  p   
I(interv == "PERSON")TRUE 0.315 0.543    0.429  0.34 1.0 0.56
I(interv == "TAU")TRUE    0.481 0.624    0.499  0.59 1.0 0.44
frailty.gamma(subjid)                          10.96 7.4 0.16

Iterations: 6 outer, 31 Newton-Raphson
     Variance of random effect= 0.381   I-likelihood = -75.4 
Degrees of freedom for terms= 0.6 0.6 7.4 
Likelihood ratio test=20.9  on 8.66 df, p=0.0108  n= 35 

I know that there is no 1:1 relationship (ie. even Fisher's LSD in ANOVA
is not consonant), but this situation nowhere near uncovers any conspicuous
contrast.

Here are the data:

"state" "subjid"        "interv"        "stop"  "obs"   "well"  "start"
"1"     4       20      "PERSON"        2.9011943146276 TRUE    FALSE   0
"4"     3       21      "PERSON"        64.2158729475923        FALSE   FALSE   
47.8848496390479
"5"     3       22      "PERSON"        17.5619324029277        TRUE    FALSE   0
"9"     3       23      "PERSON"        43.2824713513494        TRUE    FALSE   
37.7695873739113
"12"    5       24      "PERSON"        30.3701080739726        TRUE    FALSE   0
"15"    3       25      "PERSON"        14.0466975658663        TRUE    FALSE   0
"21"    5       27      "PERSON"        56.2151528587565        FALSE   FALSE   0
"23"    5       28      "PERSON"        107.008366594091        FALSE   FALSE   
81.3506138393983
"24"    3       29      "PERSON"        2.37513876948506        TRUE    FALSE   0
"28"    5       30      "PERSON"        11.8558184784885        TRUE    FALSE   0
"32"    4       33      "PERSON"        3.9649403609025 TRUE    FALSE   0
"38"    4       35      "PERSON"        46.3451030540359        TRUE    FALSE   
11.8777967304634
"41"    3       36      "PERSON"        1.31729328750322        TRUE    FALSE   0
"44"    3       37      "PERSON"        3.02546596184197        TRUE    FALSE   0
"46"    4       38      "PERSON"        0.107545536671634       TRUE    FALSE   0
"56"    3       42      "SUMIT" 58.7353880008292        TRUE    FALSE   0
"62"    5       43      "SUMIT" 89.7918344149282        TRUE    FALSE   0
"67"    3       45      "SUMIT" 24.7430207077919        TRUE    FALSE   0
"70"    3       46      "SUMIT" 6.27882742756157        TRUE    FALSE   0
"74"    3       48      "SUMIT" 17.0609614511906        TRUE    FALSE   0
"79"    4       50      "SUMIT" 38.4473846749763        TRUE    FALSE   
13.3018767580903
"85"    4       53      "SUMIT" 4.29013653621078        TRUE    FALSE   0
"89"    3       55      "SUMIT" 11.6584881048097        TRUE    FALSE   0
"92"    3       56      "SUMIT" 13.8629879979001        TRUE    FALSE   0
"98"    5       58      "SUMIT" 10.0370180170905        TRUE    FALSE   0
"100"   3       58      "SUMIT" 37.2975347554063        TRUE    FALSE   
36.5702401089113
"104"   3       60      "TAU"   126.334602409974        FALSE   FALSE   0
"109"   3       63      "TAU"   8.34004312096584        TRUE    FALSE   0
"113"   3       65      "TAU"   13.5353540650711        TRUE    FALSE   0
"117"   3       66      "TAU"   6.90264432503116        TRUE    FALSE   0
"119"   4       66      "TAU"   84.0982554651905        TRUE    FALSE   
80.0934220365208
"123"   4       68      "TAU"   0.574347350398699       TRUE    FALSE   0
"138"   3       74      "TAU"   8.6319161108183 TRUE    FALSE   0
"140"   3       74      "TAU"   52.6563648282415        TRUE    FALSE   
48.1392786201591
"143"   3       75      "TAU"   17.2904575851141        TRUE    FALSE   0

-- 
Johannes Hüsing               There is something fascinating about science. 
                              One gets such wholesale returns of conjecture 
mailto:johan...@huesing.name  from such a trifling investment of fact.          
      
http://derwisch.wikidot.com         (Mark Twain, "Life on the Mississippi")

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