[Rails-core] #attributes should optionally return nested attributes of the model

[Abhishek Chandrasekhar]

Hi!

I wanted to get some feedback on the idea of enhancing the ActiveRecord `
attributes` method to also (optionally) return nested attributes

Example

Let's say I have a `Car` model, which `has_one` `Driver` and `has_many` `
Passenger`(s). 

Also let's say the `Car` model `accepts_nested_attributes` for both the `
Driver` and `Passenger` models.

A normal call to `@car.attributes` might result in 

{
  id: "5",
  make: "Saab",
  model: "9-3",
  year: "2008",
  automatic_transmission: true
}

The change would be to allow `attributes` to also return the nested 
sub-hashes.  So `@car.attributes(include_nested: true)` would result in 
something like


{
  id: "5",
  make: "Saab",
  model: "9-3",
  year: "2008",
  automatic_transmission: true
  driver_attributes: {
    name: "Foo Bar",
    age: 27
  },
  passengers_attributes: {
    "0" => {
      name: "Foo Bar1",
      height_cm: 170
    },
    "1" => {
      name: "Foo Bar2",
      height_cm: 195
    }
  }
}

When working with Rails forms or form tests it seems handy to have the 
ability to generate all the attributes. This mirrors the behavior of 
`attributes=` which can read a nested attributes hash as well.

This change would also follow the action* gem standard of whitelisting and 
blacklisting certain associations 

@car.attributes(include_nested: { only: [:passengers] })
@car.attributes(include_nested: { except: [:passengers] })

This is my first time contributing to the rails core, so would love to know 
what everyone thinks. 

Thanks!

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