Mr. Vic GAbriel Dear Mr Gabriel:
In reference to your post I would like to thow in some ideas about the issue of ethanol plants. Firstly let us remember that ethanol is produced by yeasts and there are many strains with quite different attributes. For the lowest cost plant one has to selecct the best Saccharomyces Cerevisae yeast for the purpose in mind and, then, design the plant around the selected organism's attributes. If you are looking forward to produce fuel ethanol, then you would want to use a yeast strain that: 1- Can ferment the available sugars at the highest possible speed. If a yeast can completely ferment a batch in 8 hours, then the plant capital costs will be lower per unit of ethanol produced as compared to a yeast that can only manage to ferment one batch per day. The same holds true for the capital costs of pumps, piping, controls, space, etc. Most yeasts can only produce one batch per day. The HS /LE Yeast and Pocess can produce 3 batches per day. 2- Performs under high osmotic pressures. Most yeasts can only ferment in very diluted molasses, around 18 or 20 Brix. If you have a yeast that can perform in a 35 Brix substrate, then you can put twice as much sugar into the fermenter and produce twice the ethanol with every batch. Again, here is a lower plant capital cost, since you can save on fermenter and the associated gears. The HS / LE Yeast and Process can ferment molasses solutions of 35 Brix. (At this point your productivity per fermenter is six fold as compared to the commonplace yeast) 3- Separates quickly from the substrate at the end of each fermentation cycle. Recycling the yeast after each batch saves in propagation costs, therefore it is advisable to reuse the yeast cells for as many cycles as possible. Recycling common yeast calls for the use of expensive centrifuges which add to the plant capital costs. However, if you use a flocculent yeast, then you do not need to buy (and support) any centrifugue, thus lowering further your plant capital costs. The HS / LE Yeast and Process do not require the installation of any centrifuge, because the yeast is of a highly flocculent type. 4- Produces a low volume highly concentrated effluent (vinasse or dunder). Ethanol plants that use common yeasts produce around 12 to 14 liters vinasse per liter of ethanol and reqire high capital costs for the effluent disposal processes. The HS /LE Yeast and Process generates between 4-7 liters vinasse per liter ethanol, thus lowering the plant capital costs associated with the effluent treatment process. 5- Is tolerant to high ethanol concentration. Some common yeasts can not tolerate high ethanol concentrations and thus can only produce wines low in ethanol. Plants designed for low ethanol concentrations (ie: 6% v/v) have to provide more thermal energy per liter of ethanol than plants designed to process higher concentrations (ie: 12%). A higher steam supply demands the use of larger boliers, therefore increasing the plant capital costs. The HS /LE Yeast and Process can deliver ethanol concentrations in the range of 12 % v/v, and this require lower capital costs. When you add up the capital cost reductions made possible by the use of a yeast that embodies the above traits, then the capital costs can be reduced by around 45%, with a significant production cost savings that results from reduced depreciation, lower maintenance costs, lower casualty insurance, lower energy costs, lower effluent treatment expenses and lower labor costs. The astronomical capital costs for ethanol plants that use sugar cane molasses or glucose from starch must be revised in the presence of the HS / LE Yeast & Process. Please send us a nota if you would like to find more about this new process. The invitation is kindly extended to all forum bembers. With warmest regards, Luis R. Calzadilla [EMAIL PROTECTED] ----- Original Message ----- From: vic gabriel <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> To: <biofuel@yahoogroups.com> Sent: Thursday, March 27, 2003 2:14 AM Subject: Re: [biofuel] other fuel sources from waste... plastics. > > Hi everyone. I'm writing from Los Angeles, CA. I read > feasibility studies prepared by government agencies > and some universities in US that say that smallest > capacity ethanol plant to be economically feasible is > 10 million to 15 million gallons/year. > > The cost of equipment and support buildings is about > $US 90,000,000 to $ US 120,000,000. This cost is > staggering. I wonder if anyone of the members of our > group have encountered a more cost effective system > that can process commercially. I thought it would be > good to start with l million gallons /year with > possibilities of expansion in the future. Can you > please link me with some manufacturers. Used equipment > is ok. > > I want to gain experience through using a 50 gallon > steel drum and copper tower that I saw on the > internet. > Any suggestions? > > Thanks. > Vic Gabriel > > __________________________________________________ > Do you Yahoo!? > Yahoo! Platinum - Watch CBS' NCAA March Madness, live on your desktop! > http://platinum.yahoo.com > > > > Biofuel at Journey to Forever: > http://journeytoforever.org/biofuel.html > > Biofuels list archives: > http://archive.nnytech.net/ > > Please do NOT send Unsubscribe messages to the list address. > To unsubscribe, send an email to: > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/ > > ------------------------ Yahoo! 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