The relevant error from your logs is this: Nov 22 12:29:02 ubuntu grub-installer: /usr/sbin/grub-setup: предупр: This GPT partition label has no BIOS Boot Partition; embedding won't be possible!.
So you need to create a bios_grub partition to boot a bios based PC from a GPT disk. ** Changed in: grub-installer (Ubuntu) Status: New => Invalid -- You received this bug notification because you are a member of Ubuntu Bugs, which is subscribed to Ubuntu. https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1254013 Title: the ubuntu installator failed to install grub To manage notifications about this bug go to: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/grub-installer/+bug/1254013/+subscriptions -- ubuntu-bugs mailing list ubuntu-bugs@lists.ubuntu.com https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-bugs