<index.htm>TITLE 15 > <ch6.htm>CHAPTER 6 > <ch6schI.htm>SUBCHAPTER I > Sec. 205.
Notes on Sec. 205.
SOURCE
R.S. Sec. 3570.
Myriameter 10,000 meters 6.2137 miles.
Kilometer 1,000 meters 0.62137 mile, or 3,280 feet and 10 inches.
Hectometer 100 meters 328 feet and 1 inch.
Dekameter 10 meters 393.7 inches.
Meter 1 meter 39.37 inches.
Decimeter 1/10 of a meter 3.937 inches
Centimeter 1/100 of a meter 0.3937 inch.
Millimeter 1/1000 of a meter 0.0394 inch.
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MEASURES OF CAPACITY
Metric denominations and values Names Number of liters Cubic measure Equivalents in denominations in use Dry measure Liquor or wine measure Kiloliter, or stere --: 1,000 --: 1 cubic meter --: 1.308 cubic yards. --: 264.17 gallons. Hectoliter --: 100 --: 1/10 of a cubic meter. --: 2 bushels and 3.35 pecks. --: 26.417 gallons. Dekaliter --: 10 --: 10 cubic decimeters. --: 9.08 quarts --: 2.6417 gallons. Liter --: 1 --: 1 cubic decimeter. --: 0.908 quart --: 1.0567 quarts. Deciliter --: 1/10 --: 1/10 of a cubic decimeter. --: 6.1022 cubic inches. --: 0.845 gill. Centiliter --: 1/100 --: 10 cubic centimeters. --: 0.6102 cubic inch. --: 0.338 fluid ounce. Milliliter --: 1/1000 --: 1 cubic centimeter. --: 0.061 cubic inch. --: 0.27 fluid dram. --------------------------------------
Hectare 10,000 square meters 2.471 acres.
Are 100 square meters 119.6 square yards.
Centare 1 square meter 1,550 square inches.
WEIGHTS
Metric denominations and values
:Names : : : : :Number of gram : : : : ms:Weight of what : quantity of : water at : maximum : density
Millier or tonneau :1,000,000 : :1 cubic meter : :2,204.6 pounds :
Quintal :100,000 :1 hectoliter :220.46 pounds.
Myriagram :10,000 :10 liters :22.046 pounds.
Kilogram or kilo :1,000 : :1 liter : :2.2046 pounds. :
Hectogram :100 :1 deciliter :3.5274 ounces.
Dekagram :10 : :10 cubic : centimeters :0.3527 ounce. :
Gram :1 : :1 cubic : centimeter :15.432 grains. :
Decigram : 1/10 : : : 1/10 of a : cubic : centimeter :1.5432 grains. : :
Centigram : 1/100 : :10 cubic : millimeters :0.1543 grain. :
Milligram : 1/1000 : :1 cubic : millimeter :0.0154 grain. :
CODIFICATION
R.S. Sec. 3570 derived from act July 28, 1866, ch. 301, Sec. 2, 14 Stat. 339, 340
U.S. CUSTOMARY SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES - COMMERCIAL WEIGHTS AND MEASURES UNITS
A notice by the Director of the National Bureau of Standards (now National Institute of Standards and Technology) dated July 15, 1968, and published in the Federal Register (33 F.R. 10755, July 27, 1968), provided that:
By virtue of the authority vested in the Secretary of Commerce by <../15/index.htm>15 U.S.C. <../15/272.htm>272 and delegated to the National Bureau of Standards by Department Order 90-A, the Bureau is charged with the responsibility for ''The custody, maintenance, and development of the national standards of measurement, * * *.'' The method employed for disseminating information on weights and measures units has been through official National Bureau of Standards publications. However, all such units have never been listed together in any Federal legislation or in the Federal Register. On February 27, 1968, in the House Committee on Science and Astronautics Report No. 1107, accompanying H.R. 13058, legislation to repeal the Standard Container Act of August 31, 1916 (39 Stat. 673; <../15/index.htm>15 U.S.C. <../15/251-256.htm>251-256), and the Standard Container Act of May 21, 1928 (<../45/index.htm>45 U.S.C. <../45/685.htm>685; <../15/index.htm>15 U.S.C. <../15/257-257.htm>257-257i), and amend the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of November 3, 1966 (80 Stat. 1296; <../15/index.htm>15 U.S.C. <../15/1451.htm>1451), the following Committee view was expressed:
Testimony revealed that although, standard weights and measures are defined in publications by the Bureau of Standards, these definitions are not defined by law nor have they been published in the Federal Register. Consequently, the Committee recommends that the Secretary of Commerce cause to be published in the Federal Register a listing of the common weights and measures used in normal commerce throughout the United States and relate them to the standards developed in accordance with existing law, <../15/index.htm>15 U.S.C. <../15/272.htm>272.
Commercial units of weight and measure in common use are based on the yard and the avoirdupois pound. The yard and avoirdupois pound were last defined in the Federal Register of July 1, 1959, in terms of the national standards of length and mass: The meter and the National Prototype Kilogram. From the two units, the yard and the pound, are derived all other U.S. Customary multiple and submultiple units that will be found in ordinary commerce. They are defined as: 1 yard=0.914 4 meter [1] 1 pound (avoirdupois)=0.453 592 37 kilogram [](FOOTNOTE 1
LINEAR MEASURE U.S. CUSTOMARY
12 inches=1 foot=0.304 8 meter [1] 3 feet=1 yard=1.914 4 meter (FOOTNOTE 1) 5,280 feet=1 statute mile=1,609 kilometers 6,076.115 feet=1 International Nautical Mile=1.852 kilometers
METRIC
10 millimeters=1 centimeter 10 centimeters=1 decimeter 10 decimeters=1 meter 10 meters=1 dekameter 10 dekameters=1 hectometer 10 hectometers=1 kilometer
AREA MEASURE U.S. CUSTOMARY
144 square inches=1 square foot=.0.092 9 square meter 9 square feet=1 square yard=0.886 1 square meter 43,560 square feet=1 acre=0.404 7 hectare 640 acres=1 square mile=259 hectares 1 square mile=1 section=259 hectares 36 sections=1 township=932 4 hectares
METRIC
100 square millimeters=1 square centimeter 10,000 square centimeters=1 square meter 100 square meters=1 are 100 ares=1 hectare 100 hectares=1 square kilometer
WEIGHT U.S. CUSTOMARY (AVOIRDUPOIS)
437.5 grains=1 ounce=28.349 5 grams 7,000 grains=1 pound=0.453 592 37 kilogram 16 ounces=1 pound=0.453 592 37 kilogram 2,000 pounds=1 short ton=0.907 2 metric ton 2,240 pounds=1 long ton=1.016 metric tons
METRIC
10 milligrams=1 centigram 10 centigrams=1 decigram 10 decigrams=1 gram 10 grams=1 dekagram 10 dekagrams=1 hectogram 10 hectograms=1 kilogram 1,000 kilograms=1 metric ton
CAPACITY, OR VOLUME, LIQUID MEASURE U.S. CUSTOMARY
1 gallon=231 cubic inches=3.785 4 liters 4 fluid ounces=1 gill=0.118 3 liter 4 gills=1 pint=0.473 2 liter 2 pints=1 quart=0.946 4 liter 4 quarts=1 gallon=3.785 4 liters
METRIC
10 milliliters=1 centiliter 10 centiliters=1 deciliter 10 deciliters=1 liter 10 liters=1 dekaliter 10 dekaliters=1 hectoliter 10 hectoliters=1 kiloliter
CAPACITY, OR VOLUME, DRY MEASURE U.S. CUSTOMARY
1 bushel=2,150.42 cubic inches=35.239 1 liters 2 dry pints=1 dry quart=1.101 2 liters 8 dry quarts=1 peck=8.809 8 liters 4 pecks=1 bushel=35.239 1 liters
The accepted volume of a barrel in the United States varies significantly depending both on the commodity for which it is used and on how it is defined in State law (varying from State-to-State)
METRIC
The volumetric units are the same for both liquid and dry measure in the Metric System
CUBIC MEASURE U.S. CUSTOMARY
1,728 cubic inches=1 cubic foot=0.028 316 8 cubic meter 27 cubic feet=1 cubic yard=0.764 554 9 cubic meter
METRIC
1,000 cubic millimeters=1 cubic centimeter 1,000 cubic centimeters=1 cubic decimeter 1,000 cubic decimeters=1 cubic meter
SPECIAL UNITS
The unit used for the sale of firewood is the cord of 128 cubic feet.
The unit used for the sale of precious stones is the Metric Carat of 200 milligrams.
The units used for over-the-counter sales of precious metals in the United States are troy units
TROY WEIGHT
24 grains=1 pennyweight=1.555 17 grams 20 pennyweights=1 ounce troy=31.103 47 grams 12 ounces troy=1 pound troy=0.373 242 kilogram
The apothecaries system of units, once widely used in the United States for pharmaceutical purposes, is now used only very little. Usage of the Metric System has replaced the apothecaries system at the manufacturing level, and at most of the retail level
ELECTRICITY AND NATURAL GAS
When a consumer is billed for having used electricity, what has been sold is electrical energy, and that energy is expressed in terms of kilowatt-hours. One kilowatt-hour equals 3,600,000 joules (the joule is the unit of energy in the International System of Units).
Consumption of natural gas normally is expressed in terms of therms. One therm equals 105,480,400 joules
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[1] Denotes exact figures.
[1]
<../credits.htm>7927a.jpg <http://www.law.cornell.edu/lii.html>792a8.jpg <http://www.law.cornell.edu/>792b8.jpg
John Nichols BE, Ph.D. (Newcastle), MIE (Aust), Chartered Professional Engineer
Assistant Professor
Texas A&M University
Department of Construction Science
Langford AC
Rm: A414 MD 3137
College Station, TX 77843-3137
Electronic mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED]
Telephone: 979 845 6541
Facsimile: 979 862 1572
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a fronte praecipitium a tergo lupi
in front a precipice, behind a wolf
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