Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread Poul-Henning Kamp
In message <4ffca814.5080...@toneh.demon.co.uk>, Tony Holt writes: >I've never understood why relatively expensive and sophisticated >instruments don't have significantly lower resistance shunts Isn't it simply because there are better ways to do it, than to use an external shunt ? Flux Gate cu

[volt-nuts] HP 3458A and DC current measurement

2012-07-11 Thread Frank Stellmach
Tony, obviously, there is a basic problem with DC current, already beginning at the definition of the SI Ampère. This is the worst realized electrical unit, i.e. the 'mise en pratique' is difficult to an error level of about 1e-7 only. DCV and OHM can be realized to a much higher degree of s

Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread ed breya
That which is more fundamental to the problem is the unavoidable (at room temperature) noise from the resistors. Even a "perfect" resistor with zero tempco has noise, so if you use resistors to measure current with a high-precision voltmeter, eventually you reach a resolution where the noise be

Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread Bob Smither
On 07/11/2012 03:49 PM, ed breya wrote: > That which is more fundamental to the problem is the unavoidable (at room > temperature) noise from the resistors. Even a "perfect" resistor with zero > tempco has noise, so if you use resistors to measure current with a > high-precision voltmeter, eventual

Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread Mike S
On 7/11/2012 5:15 AM, Frank Stellmach wrote: This is the worst realized electrical unit, i.e. the 'mise en pratique' is difficult to an error level of about 1e-7 only. On 7/11/2012 6:50 PM, Bob Smither wrote: I may be off here, but I doubt that thermal (Johnson) noise would limit the precision

Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread Bob Smither
On 07/11/2012 09:01 PM, Mike S wrote: > On 7/11/2012 5:15 AM, Frank Stellmach wrote: >> This is the worst realized electrical unit, i.e. the 'mise en pratique' >> is difficult to an error level of about 1e-7 only. > > On 7/11/2012 6:50 PM, Bob Smither wrote: >> I may be off here, but I doubt that

Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread Mike S
Apropos: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/07/120711101042.htm With regard to the discussion, since in the SI, Amps are the base unit, Volts are derived from Amps, and Ohms from Volts - remarkable that Amps are the least realizable in practice? (I guess it's just the difference between

Re: [volt-nuts] HP 3458A DC current accuracy

2012-07-11 Thread ed breya
Yes, the effect can be estimated quite easily. Also, keep in mind that the 0.13 nV is the RMS noise, so the peak to peak excursions can be around six times that, or almost 1 nV p-p. If the FS is 1 mA, then it's about 1 ppm - one count on a six digit DVM, or ten times more with each additional d