Here you go.
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import uuid as uuid_
from sqlalchemy import *
def get_uuid():
a = str(uuid_.uuid4())
a = a.strip('{}')
return a.replace('-','')
engine = create_engine('sqlite://')
metadata = BoundMetaData(engine)
engine.echo = True #True
item_table = Table('item',metadata,
Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
Column('uuid',String(32), unique=True, nullable=False),
Column('parent_uuid', String(32), ForeignKey('item.uuid'), nullable=True),
Column('name',String(150)),
Column('section_id', Integer, ForeignKey('section.id'))
)
section_table = Table('section', metadata,
Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
Column('name', String(25), unique=True, nullable=False),
)
keyword_table = Table('keyword', metadata,
Column('uuid',String(32), primary_key=True),
Column('name', String(25), unique=True, nullable=False)
)
itemkeyword_table = Table('item_keyword', metadata,
Column('item_uuid', String(32),ForeignKey('item.uuid'), primary_key=True),
Column('keyword_uuid', String(32), ForeignKey('keyword.uuid'), primary_key=True),
)
metadata.create_all()
# class definitions
class Item(object):
def __init__(self, name=None, id=None, uuid=None, **kw): #? **kw for x,y in kw, setattr(x) = y
self.name = name
self.id = id
if uuid:
self.uuid = uuid
else:
self.uuid = get_uuid()
for k in kw:
setattr(self, k, kw[k])
def _get_keywords(self):
return [ik.keyword for ik in self.itemkeywords]
keywords = property(_get_keywords)
class Section(object):
def __init__(self, name=None, id=None):
self.name = name
self.id = id
class Keyword(object):
def __init__(self, name=None, id=None, uuid=None):
self.name = name
self.id = id
if uuid:
self.uuid = uuid
else:
self.uuid = get_uuid()
class ItemKeyword(object):
def __init__(self, keyword=None):
if keyword:
self.keyword = keyword
mapper(Section, section_table, properties = {'items': relation(Item, backref='section'), 'keywords':relation(Keyword,
primaryjoin=and_(keyword_table.c.uuid==itemkeyword_table.c.keyword_uuid, item_table.c.uuid==itemkeyword_table.c.item_uuid, section_table.c.id==item_table.c.section_id),
viewonly=True, foreignkey=keyword_table.c.uuid)})
mapper(Keyword, keyword_table)
mapper(Item, item_table, properties = dict(itemkeywords = relation(ItemKeyword, lazy=False, backref='item'),
children = relation(Item, remote_side=[item_table.c.parent_uuid], backref=backref('parent', remote_side=[item_table.c.uuid])),
))
mapper(ItemKeyword, itemkeyword_table, properties={'keyword': relation(Keyword, lazy=False, backref='itemkeywords')})
##############################################################################################################################################################
session = create_session(bind_to=engine)
item1 = Item(name="Item 1")
section1 = Section(name="Section1")
keyword1 = Keyword(name="Keyword1")
session.save(item1)
session.save(section1)
session.save(keyword1)
session.flush()
item1.itemkeywords.append(ItemKeyword(keyword1))
session.flush()
section = session.query(Section).select()[0]
section.keywords #exception occurs
"""UUID (universally unique identifiers) as specified in RFC 4122.
This module provides the UUID class and the functions uuid1(), uuid3(),
uuid4(), uuid5() for generating version 1, 3, 4, and 5 UUIDs respectively.
This module works with Python 2.3 or higher."""
__author__ = 'Ka-Ping Yee <[EMAIL PROTECTED]>'
__date__ = '$Date: 2006/06/03 09:33:53 $'.split()[1].replace('/', '-')
__version__ = '$Revision: 1.14 $'
RESERVED_NCS, RFC_4122, RESERVED_MICROSOFT, RESERVED_FUTURE = [
'reserved for NCS compatibility', 'specified in RFC 4122',
'reserved for Microsoft compatibility', 'reserved for future definition']
class UUID(object):
"""Instances of the UUID class represent UUIDs as specified in RFC 4122.
Converting a UUID to a string using str() produces a string in the form
"{12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc}". The UUID constructor accepts
a similar string (braces and hyphens optional), or six integer arguments
(with 32-bit, 16-bit, 16-bit, 8-bit, 8-bit, and 48-bit values
respectively). UUID objects have the following attributes:
bytes gets or sets the UUID as a 16-byte string
hex gets or sets the UUID as a 32-character hex string
urn gets the UUID as a URN as specified in RFC 4122
variant gets or sets the UUID variant as one of the constants
RESERVED_NCS, RFC_4122, RESERVED_MICROSOFT, RESERVED_FUTURE
version gets or sets the UUID version number (1 through 5)
"""
def __init__(self, *args):
"""Create a UUID either from a string representation in hexadecimal
or from six integers (32-bit time_low, 16-bit time_mid, 16-bit
time_hi_ver, 8-bit clock_hi_res, 8-bit clock_low, 48-bit node)."""
if len(args) == 1:
digits = args[0].replace('urn:', '').replace('uuid:', '')
digits = digits.replace('{', '').replace('}', '').replace('-', '')
assert len(digits) == 32, ValueError('badly formed UUID string')
self.hex = digits
return
if not args:
args = 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_ver, clock_hi_res, clock_low, node) = args
assert 0 <= time_low < 0x100000000, ValueError('time_low out of range')
assert 0 <= time_mid < 1<<16, ValueError('time_mid out of range')
assert 0 <= time_hi_ver < 1<<16, ValueError('time_hi_ver out of range')
assert 0 <= clock_hi_res < 1<<8, ValueError('clock_hi_res out of range')
assert 0 <= clock_low < 1<<8, ValueError('clock_low out of range')
assert 0 <= node < 0x1000000000000, ValueError('node out of range')
self.time_low = time_low
self.time_mid = time_mid
self.time_hi_ver = time_hi_ver
self.clock_hi_res = clock_hi_res
self.clock_low = clock_low
self.node = node
def __cmp__(self, other):
return cmp(self.bytes, getattr(other, 'bytes', other))
def __str__(self):
return '{%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%012x}' % (
self.time_low, self.time_mid, self.time_hi_ver,
self.clock_hi_res, self.clock_low, self.node)
def __repr__(self):
return 'UUID(%r)' % str(self)
def __hash__(self):
return hash(str(self))
def get_bytes(self):
def byte(n):
return chr(n & 0xff)
return (byte(self.time_low >> 24) + byte(self.time_low >> 16) +
byte(self.time_low >> 8) + byte(self.time_low) +
byte(self.time_mid >> 8) + byte(self.time_mid) +
byte(self.time_hi_ver >> 8) + byte(self.time_hi_ver) +
byte(self.clock_hi_res) + byte(self.clock_low) +
byte(self.node >> 40) + byte(self.node >> 32) +
byte(self.node >> 24) + byte(self.node >> 16) +
byte(self.node >> 8) + byte(self.node))
def set_bytes(self, bytes):
values = map(ord, bytes)
self.time_low = ((values[0] << 24L) + (values[1] << 16L) +
(values[2] << 8L) + values[3])
self.time_mid = (values[4] << 8) + values[5]
self.time_hi_ver = (values[6] << 8) + values[7]
self.clock_hi_res = values[8]
self.clock_low = values[9]
self.node = ((values[10] << 40L) + (values[11] << 32L) +
(values[12] << 24L) + (values[13] << 16L) +
(values[14] << 8L) + values[15])
bytes = property(get_bytes, set_bytes)
def get_hex(self):
return '%08x%04x%04x%02x%02x%012x' % (
self.time_low, self.time_mid, self.time_hi_ver,
self.clock_hi_res, self.clock_low, self.node)
def set_hex(self, hex):
self.time_low = int(hex[:8], 16)
self.time_mid = int(hex[8:12], 16)
self.time_hi_ver = int(hex[12:16], 16)
self.clock_hi_res = int(hex[16:18], 16)
self.clock_low = int(hex[18:20], 16)
self.node = long(hex[20:32], 16)
hex = property(get_hex, set_hex)
def get_urn(self):
return 'urn:uuid:%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%012x' % (
self.time_low, self.time_mid, self.time_hi_ver,
self.clock_hi_res, self.clock_low, self.node)
urn = property(get_urn)
def get_variant(self):
if not self.clock_hi_res & 0x80:
return RESERVED_NCS
elif not self.clock_hi_res & 0x40:
return RFC_4122
elif not self.clock_hi_res & 0x20:
return RESERVED_MICROSOFT
else:
return RESERVED_FUTURE
def set_variant(self, variant):
if variant == RESERVED_NCS:
self.clock_hi_res &= 0x7f
elif variant == RFC_4122:
self.clock_hi_res &= 0x3f
self.clock_hi_res |= 0x80
elif variant == RESERVED_MICROSOFT:
self.clock_hi_res &= 0x1f
self.clock_hi_res |= 0xc0
elif variant == RESERVED_FUTURE:
self.clock_hi_res &= 0x1f
self.clock_hi_res |= 0xe0
else:
raise ValueError('illegal variant identifier')
variant = property(get_variant, set_variant)
def get_version(self):
return self.time_hi_ver >> 12
def set_version(self, version):
assert 1 <= version <= 5, ValueError('illegal version number')
self.time_hi_ver &= 0x0fff
self.time_hi_ver |= (version << 12)
version = property(get_version, set_version)
def unixgetaddr(program):
"""Get the hardware address on a Unix machine."""
from os import popen
for line in popen(program):
words = line.lower().split()
if 'hwaddr' in words:
addr = words[words.index('hwaddr') + 1]
return int(addr.replace(':', ''), 16)
if 'ether' in words:
addr = words[words.index('ether') + 1]
return int(addr.replace(':', ''), 16)
def wingetaddr(program):
"""Get the hardware address on a Windows machine."""
from os import popen
for line in popen(program + ' /all'):
if line.strip().lower().startswith('physical address'):
addr = line.split(':')[-1].strip()
return int(addr.replace('-', ''), 16)
def getaddr():
"""Get the hardware address as a 48-bit integer."""
from os.path import join, isfile
for dir in ['/sbin', '/usr/sbin', r'c:\windows',
r'c:\windows\system', r'c:\windows\system32']:
if isfile(join(dir, 'ifconfig')):
return unixgetaddr(join(dir, 'ifconfig'))
if isfile(join(dir, 'ipconfig.exe')):
return wingetaddr(join(dir, 'ipconfig.exe'))
addr = None
def uuid1():
"""Generate a UUID based on the time and hardware address."""
global addr
from time import time
from random import randrange
nanoseconds = int(time() * 1e9)
# 0x01b21dd213814000 is the number of 100-ns intervals between the
# UUID epoch 1582-10-15 00:00:00 and the Unix epoch 1970-01-01 00:00:00.
timestamp = int(nanoseconds/100) + 0x01b21dd213814000
clock = randrange(1<<16) # don't use stable storage
time_low = timestamp & (0x100000000 - 1)
time_mid = (timestamp >> 32) & 0xffff
time_hi_ver = (timestamp >> 48) & 0x0fff
clock_low = clock & 0xff
clock_hi_res = (clock >> 8) & 0x3f
if not addr:
addr = getaddr()
uuid = UUID(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_ver, clock_low, clock_hi_res, addr)
uuid.variant = RFC_4122
uuid.version = 1
return uuid
def uuid3(namespace, name):
"""Generate a UUID from the MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name."""
from md5 import md5
uuid = UUID()
uuid.bytes = md5(namespace.bytes + name).digest()[:16]
uuid.variant = RFC_4122
uuid.version = 3
return uuid
def uuid4():
"""Generate a random UUID."""
try:
from os import urandom
except:
from random import randrange
uuid = UUID(randrange(1<<32), randrange(1<<16), randrange(1<<16),
randrange(1<<8), randrange(1<<8), randrange(1<<48))
else:
uuid = UUID()
uuid.bytes = urandom(16)
uuid.variant = RFC_4122
uuid.version = 4
return uuid
def uuid5(namespace, name):
"""Generate a UUID from the SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name."""
from sha import sha
uuid = UUID()
uuid.bytes = sha(namespace.bytes + name).digest()[:16]
uuid.variant = RFC_4122
uuid.version = 5
return uuid
NAMESPACE_DNS = UUID('{6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}')
NAMESPACE_URL = UUID('{6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}')
NAMESPACE_OID = UUID('{6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}')
NAMESPACE_X500 = UUID('{6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}')
