Hello,

First of all, I'll apologize if this is a really basic question. I've not been 
using SQLAlchemy for long, and I've only very recently picked up Python. Even 
though I've looked everywhere I can think of for an answer to this question, 
I'm almost certain that it is not a difficult one. I'm happy to read through 
any documentation you can point me to, but I've not been able to see what might 
be relevant to this particular question.

That said, here goes. Here's the relevant bit of code:

-- BEGIN CODE --

Base = declarative_base()

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'user'

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    uid = Column(Integer, unique=True)

    def __init__(self, uid):
        self.uid = uid

    def __repr__(self):
        return("<User('uid: %d')>") % (self.uid)


class Filesystem(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'filesystem'

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    filesystem = Column(String(255))
    mountpoint = Column(String(255))

    def __init__(self, filesystem, mountpoint):
        self.filesystem = filesystem
        self.mountpoint = mountpoint

    def __repr__(self):
        return("<Filesystem('%s', '%s')>") % (self.filesystem, self.mountpoint)


class Usage(Base):
    __tablename__ = 'usage_data'

    id       = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
    fs_id    = Column(None, ForeignKey('filesystem.id'))
    user_id  = Column(None, ForeignKey('user.id'))
    datetime = Column(DateTime)
    inodes   = Column(MSBigInteger, nullable=False)
    kbytes   = Column(MSBigInteger, nullable=False)

    user = relation(User, backref=backref('usage_data', order_by=datetime))
    fs = relation(Filesystem, backref=backref('usage_data', order_by=datetime))

    def __init__(self, user, fs, datetime, inodes, kbytes):
        self.user = user
        self.fs = fs
        self.datetime = datetime
        self.inodes = inodes
        self.kbytes = kbytes

    def __repr__(self):
        return("<Usage('%s', '%s', '%s', %d:%d KB)>") % (self.user, self.fs,
           self.datetime, self.inodes, self.kbytes)

-- END CODE --

So you can kind of see what it does. This bit is a rudimentary filesystem space 
tracking application. You have a list of users in the 'user' table, a list of 
filesystems in the 'filesystem' table, and then you have an application that is 
periodically inserting records into the 'usage_data' table. Each record 
includes a user reference, a filesystem reference, and some data.

The backrefs from Usage objects work perfectly. When I have a User object, say 
"user_obj", I can access user_obj.usage_data and get a datetime-ordered list of 
all Usage objects associated with this particular user.

What I want is an easy way to access a user's n most recent Usage objects for 
each filesystem. (For the purpose of this e-mail, we can take n=1.) It would be 
easy enough for me to just take the last m records in the user_obj.usage_data 
list (where m is the number of filesystems for which this user has records), 
but that's not really what I want. One filesystem might be storing records 
every hour, and another might be storing them every day. In that case, it would 
be hard to know how many records I would need to take from user_obj.usage_data 
to have the most recent record from each filesystem.

It wouldn't be hard to actually use a session object to build a query for this, 
but I'd really like to have this all taken care of in the 
objects/maps/relations/whatever themselves. I'd like to have some attribute in 
the User object that's like user_obj.usage_data, but instead gives me a list of 
only the most recent Usage object from each filesystem, so I'd see something 
like:

>>> user_obj.most_recent_usage
  [<Usage('user', 'fs1', 'some-date', foo:bar)>,
   <Usage('user', 'fs2', 'some-other-date', f0o:bAr)>,
   <Usage('user', 'fs3', 'some-third-date', fo0:b4r)>]

I hope I was clear in my description. If I've left anything out, I'll be happy 
to clarify.

Thanks!!

David




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