Good to hear and you're welcome:)
On Monday, 26 August 2019 13:00:02 UTC+10, Ira Fuchs wrote:
>
> That's it. (postal_code). The ORM query now works from the iPad! Now I
> need to sort things out with Python on the Mac and with MySQL server.
> Having a working example like this helps as I go through the documentation.
> Thanks very much much for your patient assistance.
>
> On Sunday, August 25, 2019 at 9:35:28 PM UTC-4, Peter Schutt wrote:
>>
>> HI Ira,
>>
>> Again, that is an error that originates from inside the database layer
>> and its telling you that one of the columns that you've queried on doesn't
>> exist, which could mean a few things that will be hard for anyone to debug
>> without access to the schema that you are trying to abstract upon. E.g., it
>> could be that there is a column in civicrm_address that is called
>> "postcode" or "postal_code" and so the name that we have defined on the
>> Address class is simply wrong, e.g. Address.postalcode might need to be
>> Address.postal_code, or something else. It is also possible that no such
>> column actually exists in the civicrm_address table in the database, it
>> might be defined on another table, or just not be there at all. Inspecting
>> the result of 'SHOW CREATE TABLE civicrm_address' should provide you with
>> enough detail to work out what is going on.
>>
>> On Monday, 26 August 2019 10:57:14 UTC+10, Ira Fuchs wrote:
>>>
>>> Until I can get a new version of the server installed, I decided to try
>>> running this scipt on my iPad using Pythonista. The script now looks like
>>> this:
>>>
>>> from sqlalchemy import *
>>> from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
>>> from sqlalchemy.orm import relationship
>>> from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
>>> from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String
>>> import datetime
>>> engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:pw!@ipaddr:3306/civicrm2')
>>> Base = declarative_base()
>>> Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
>>> session = Session()
>>>
>>> class Contact(Base):
>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_contact"
>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>> first_name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>> middle_name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> last_name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>> display_name = Column(String(128, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>
>>> class Contribution(Base):
>>> __tablename__ = 'civicrm_contribution'
>>>
>>> id = Column(INTEGER, primary_key=True)
>>> contact_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_contact.id',
>>> ondelete=u'CASCADE'), nullable=False, index=True)
>>> financial_type_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_financial_type.id'),
>>> index=True)
>>> contribution_page_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'
>>> civicrm_contribution_page.id', ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>> payment_instrument_id = Column(INTEGER, index=True)
>>> receive_date = Column(DateTime, index=True)
>>> non_deductible_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2),
>>> server_default=text("'0.00'"))
>>> total_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2), nullable=False)
>>> fee_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2))
>>> net_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2))
>>> trxn_id = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), unique=True)
>>> invoice_id = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> currency = Column(String(3, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> cancel_date = Column(DateTime)
>>> cancel_reason = Column(Text(collation=u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> receipt_date = Column(DateTime)
>>> thankyou_date = Column(DateTime)
>>> source = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>> amount_level = Column(Text(collation=u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> contribution_recur_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'
>>> civicrm_contribution_recur.id', ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>> is_test = Column(Integer, server_default=text("'0'"))
>>> is_pay_later = Column(Integer, server_default=text("'0'"))
>>> contribution_status_id = Column(INTEGER, index=True)
>>> address_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_address.id',
>>> ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>> check_number = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> campaign_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_campaign.id',
>>> ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>> tax_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2))
>>> creditnote_id = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>> revenue_recognition_date = Column(DateTime)
>>> invoice_number = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>
>>> address = relationship(u'CivicrmAddress')
>>> contact = relationship(u'CivicrmContact')
>>> class Address(Base):
>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_address"
>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>> contact_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_contact.id',
>>> ondelete=u'CASCADE'), index=True)
>>> street_address = Column(String(96, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> city = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> postalcode = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> state_province_id = Column(String(64))
>>> country_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_country.id',
>>> ondelete=u'SET NULL'))
>>> class Country(Base):
>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_country"
>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>> name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> class State(Base):
>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_state_province"
>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>> name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> abbreviation = Column(String(4, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>> country_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_country.id'))
>>> class Entity_Tag(Base):
>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_entity_tag"
>>> id = Column(INTEGER, primary_key=True)
>>> entity_id = Column(INTEGER, nullable=False, index=True)
>>> tag_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_tag.id', ondelete=u'CASCADE'))
>>>
>>> s = Session()
>>> subquery = (
>>> s.query(Contact.display_name)
>>> .filter(
>>> Contribution.receive_date > datetime.date(2005, 7, 1),
>>> Contribution.contact_id == Contact.id,
>>> Contact.id == Entity_Tag.entity_id,
>>> Entity_Tag.tag_id == 6,
>>> )
>>> .subquery()
>>> )
>>> result = (
>>> s.query(
>>> Contact.last_name,
>>> Contact.first_name,
>>> Address.street_address,
>>> Address.city,
>>> Address.postalcode,
>>> State.name,
>>> Country.name.label("country"),
>>> )
>>> .filter(
>>> Contact.id == Entity_Tag.entity_id,
>>> Entity_Tag.tag_id == 6,
>>> Contact.id == Address.contact_id,
>>> Address.state_province_id == State.id,
>>> Address.country_id == Country.id,
>>> Contact.display_name.notin_(subquery),
>>> )
>>> .distinct()
>>> .all()
>>> )
>>> for row in result:
>>> print(row)
>>>
>>> and the error Traceback is:
>>>
>>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/sqlalchemy-test.py",
>>>
>>> line 108, in <module>
>>> Contact.display_name.notin_(subquery),
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py",
>>>
>>> line 2588, in all
>>> return list(self)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py",
>>>
>>> line 2736, in __iter__
>>> return self._execute_and_instances(context)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py",
>>>
>>> line 2751, in _execute_and_instances
>>> result = conn.execute(querycontext.statement, self._params)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py",
>>>
>>> line 914, in execute
>>> return meth(self, multiparams, params)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py",
>>>
>>> line 323, in _execute_on_connection
>>> return connection._execute_clauseelement(self, multiparams, params)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py",
>>>
>>> line 1010, in _execute_clauseelement
>>> compiled_sql, distilled_params
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py",
>>>
>>> line 1146, in _execute_context
>>> context)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py",
>>>
>>> line 1341, in _handle_dbapi_exception
>>> exc_info
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py",
>>>
>>> line 200, in raise_from_cause
>>> reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py",
>>>
>>> line 1139, in _execute_context
>>> context)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py",
>>>
>>> line 450, in do_execute
>>> cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/cursors.py",
>>>
>>> line 170, in execute
>>> result = self._query(query)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/cursors.py",
>>>
>>> line 328, in _query
>>> conn.query(q)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/connections.py",
>>>
>>> line 517, in query
>>> self._affected_rows = self._read_query_result(unbuffered=unbuffered)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/connections.py",
>>>
>>> line 732, in _read_query_result
>>> result.read()
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/connections.py",
>>>
>>> line 1075, in read
>>> first_packet = self.connection._read_packet()
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/connections.py",
>>>
>>> line 684, in _read_packet
>>> packet.check_error()
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/protocol.py",
>>>
>>> line 220, in check_error
>>> err.raise_mysql_exception(self._data)
>>> File
>>> "/private/var/mobile/Containers/Shared/AppGroup/05D14C00-CCAC-4E98-A3CC-96C6944B8534/Pythonista3/Documents/site-packages-2/pymysql/err.py",
>>>
>>> line 109, in raise_mysql_exception
>>> raise errorclass(errno, errval)
>>> InternalError: (pymysql.err.InternalError) (1054, u"Unknown column
>>> 'civicrm_address.postalcode' in 'field list'") [SQL: u'SELECT DISTINCT
>>> civicrm_contact.last_name AS civicrm_contact_last_name,
>>> civicrm_contact.first_name AS civicrm_contact_first_name,
>>> civicrm_address.street_address AS civicrm_address_street_address,
>>> civicrm_address.city AS civicrm_address_city, civicrm_address.postalcode AS
>>> civicrm_address_postalcode, civicrm_state_province.name AS
>>> civicrm_state_province_name, civicrm_country.name AS country \nFROM
>>> civicrm_contact, civicrm_address, civicrm_state_province, civicrm_country,
>>> civicrm_entity_tag \nWHERE civicrm_contact.id =
>>> civicrm_entity_tag.entity_id AND civicrm_entity_tag.tag_id = %(tag_id_1)s
>>> AND civicrm_contact.id = civicrm_address.contact_id AND
>>> civicrm_address.state_province_id = civicrm_state_province.id AND
>>> civicrm_address.country_id = civicrm_country.id AND
>>> civicrm_contact.display_name NOT IN (SELECT civicrm_contact.display_name
>>> \nFROM civicrm_contribution \nWHERE civicrm_contribution.receive_date >
>>> %(receive_date_1)s AND civicrm_contribution.contact_id =
>>> civicrm_contact.id AND civicrm_contact.id =
>>> civicrm_entity_tag.entity_id AND civicrm_entity_tag.tag_id =
>>> %(tag_id_2)s)'] [parameters: {u'receive_date_1': datetime.date(2005, 7, 1),
>>> u'tag_id_1': 6, u'tag_id_2': 6}]
>>>
>>>
>>> On Thursday, August 22, 2019 at 9:51:22 PM UTC-4, Ira Fuchs wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Yes, that would appear to be the problem. When I was in 2.7 it worked
>>>> and in 3.6 the version of pymysql requires a later version (>5.5) of the
>>>> server. I am not able to upgrade the server at this point so I need to
>>>> figure out how to get my notebook back to Python 2 for the time being.
>>>>
>>>> On Aug 22, 2019, at 9:37 PM, Peter Schutt <[email protected]> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Some time between yesterday and today you have switched python
>>>> interpreters between 2.7 and 3.6. Yesterday your errors were originating
>>>> from modules located in "/Users/ihf/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/", today they
>>>> seem to be coming from "~/anaconda2/lib/python3.6/". To be honest, it's
>>>> better if you are using python 3.x as 2.7 goes end of life in only a few
>>>> short months. This would explain why you had to reinstall pymysql as you
>>>> are now working in a totally different environment.
>>>>
>>>> The last error you've shown originates from the database layer. What
>>>> version of mysql are you using and might that have changed along with your
>>>> environment? utf8mb4 was introduced in 5.5.3, read more here:
>>>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21911733/error-1115-42000-unknown-character-set-utf8mb4
>>>> .
>>>>
>>>> On Friday, 23 August 2019 11:05:14 UTC+10, Ira Fuchs wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> OK, I made a few changes/corrections to the Class definitions:
>>>>>
>>>>> class Contact(Base):
>>>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_contact"
>>>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>>>> first_name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>>>> middle_name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> last_name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>>>> display_name = Column(String(128, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>>
>>>>> class Contribution(Base):
>>>>> __tablename__ = 'civicrm_contribution'
>>>>>
>>>>> id = Column(INTEGER, primary_key=True, comment=u'Contribution ID')
>>>>> contact_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_contact.id',
>>>>> ondelete=u'CASCADE'), nullable=False, index=True)
>>>>> financial_type_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_financial_type.id'),
>>>>> index=True)
>>>>> contribution_page_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'
>>>>> civicrm_contribution_page.id', ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>>>> payment_instrument_id = Column(INTEGER, index=True, comment=u'FK
>>>>> to Payment Instrument')
>>>>> receive_date = Column(DateTime, index=True, comment=u'when was
>>>>> gift received')
>>>>> non_deductible_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2),
>>>>> server_default=text("'0.00'"))
>>>>> total_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2), nullable=False)
>>>>> fee_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2), comment=u'actual processor fee
>>>>> if known - may be 0.')
>>>>> net_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2))
>>>>> trxn_id = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), unique=True)
>>>>> invoice_id = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> currency = Column(String(3, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> cancel_date = Column(DateTime, comment=u'when was gift cancelled')
>>>>> cancel_reason = Column(Text(collation=u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> receipt_date = Column(DateTime)
>>>>> thankyou_date = Column(DateTime, comment=u'when (if) was donor
>>>>> thanked')
>>>>> source = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True,
>>>>> comment=u'Origin of this Contribution.')
>>>>> amount_level = Column(Text(collation=u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> contribution_recur_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'
>>>>> civicrm_contribution_recur.id', ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>>>> is_test = Column(Integer, server_default=text("'0'"))
>>>>> is_pay_later = Column(Integer, server_default=text("'0'"))
>>>>> contribution_status_id = Column(INTEGER, index=True)
>>>>> address_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_address.id',
>>>>> ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>>>> check_number = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> campaign_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_campaign.id',
>>>>> ondelete=u'SET NULL'), index=True)
>>>>> tax_amount = Column(DECIMAL(20, 2), comment=u'Total tax amount of
>>>>> this contribution.')
>>>>> creditnote_id = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'), index=True)
>>>>> revenue_recognition_date = Column(DateTime, comment=u'Stores the
>>>>> date when revenue should be recognized.')
>>>>> invoice_number = Column(String(255, u'utf8_unicode_ci'),
>>>>> comment=u'Human readable invoice number')
>>>>>
>>>>> address = relationship(u'CivicrmAddress')
>>>>> contact = relationship(u'CivicrmContact')
>>>>> class Address(Base):
>>>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_address"
>>>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>>>> contact_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_contact.id',
>>>>> ondelete=u'CASCADE'), index=True)
>>>>> street_address = Column(String(96, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> city = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> postalcode = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> state_province_id = Column(String(64))
>>>>> country_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_country.id',
>>>>> ondelete=u'SET NULL'))
>>>>> class Country(Base):
>>>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_country"
>>>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>>>> name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> class State(Base):
>>>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_state_province"
>>>>> id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
>>>>> name = Column(String(64, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> abbreviation = Column(String(4, u'utf8_unicode_ci'))
>>>>> country_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_country.id'))
>>>>> class Entity_Tag(Base):
>>>>> __tablename__ = "civicrm_entity_tag"
>>>>> id = Column(INTEGER, primary_key=True)
>>>>> entity_id = Column(INTEGER, nullable=False, index=True)
>>>>> tag_id = Column(ForeignKey(u'civicrm_tag.id',
>>>>> ondelete=u'CASCADE'))
>>>>>
>>>>> then I created a session and ran your query (with one or two
>>>>> corrections:
>>>>>
>>>>> s = Session()
>>>>> subquery = (
>>>>> s.query(Contact.display_name)
>>>>> .filter(
>>>>> Contribution.receive_date > datetime.date(2005, 7, 1),
>>>>> Contribution.contact_id == Contact.id,
>>>>> Contact.id == Entity_Tag.entity_id,
>>>>> Entity_Tag.tag_id == 6,
>>>>> )
>>>>> .subquery()
>>>>> )
>>>>> result = (
>>>>> s.query(
>>>>> Contact.last_name,
>>>>> Contact.first_name,
>>>>> Address.street_address,
>>>>> Address.city,
>>>>> Address.postalcode,
>>>>> State.name,
>>>>> Country.name.label("country"),
>>>>> )
>>>>> .filter(
>>>>> Contact.id == Entity_Tag.entity_id,
>>>>> Entity_Tag.tag_id == 6,
>>>>> Contact.id == Address.contact_id,
>>>>> Address.state_province_id == State.id,
>>>>> Address.country_id == Country.id,
>>>>> Contact.display_name.notin_(subquery),
>>>>> )
>>>>> .distinct()
>>>>> .all()
>>>>> )
>>>>>
>>>>> and the result is the same error as when I just try to execute an SQL
>>>>> statement without using ORM(I'm note including the entire traceback
>>>>> unless
>>>>> you need it):
>>>>>
>>>>> InternalError: (pymysql.err.InternalError) (1115, "Unknown character set:
>>>>> 'utf8mb4'")
>>>>>
>>>>> Since this worked before, all I can think is that I somehow updated or
>>>>> changed pymysql and the result is this error.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>> --
>>>> SQLAlchemy -
>>>> The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper
>>>>
>>>> http://www.sqlalchemy.org/
>>>>
>>>> To post example code, please provide an MCVE: Minimal, Complete, and
>>>> Verifiable Example. See http://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve for a full
>>>> description.
>>>> ---
>>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to a topic in the
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>>>> To unsubscribe from this topic, visit
>>>> https://groups.google.com/d/topic/sqlalchemy/xtp9Lz4VdBI/unsubscribe.
>>>> To unsubscribe from this group and all its topics, send an email to
>>>> [email protected].
>>>> To view this discussion on the web visit
>>>> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sqlalchemy/df9aa766-90d3-440b-8b48-18bfc47f568f%40googlegroups.com
>>>>
>>>> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/sqlalchemy/df9aa766-90d3-440b-8b48-18bfc47f568f%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>
>>>> .
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
--
SQLAlchemy -
The Python SQL Toolkit and Object Relational Mapper
http://www.sqlalchemy.org/
To post example code, please provide an MCVE: Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable
Example. See http://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve for a full description.
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