> select a from qqq group by b; This question was discussed on the list a year or 2 ago.
The column a in the simple query above is meaningless; it's an arbitrary value from each group. There are queries, however, where a non-grouped column is meaningful, such as a join where the grouping column is a foreign key that references the primary key of another table. I don't remember whether the '92 std calls this an error, but later stds allow the dbms to analyze such functional dependencies to decide whether to accept or reject a query with a non-grouped column in the column list. In SQLite you have to do the functional-dependency analysis yourself. Regards ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, send email to [EMAIL PROTECTED] -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
