When your dentist tells you
not to worry about the amalgam he wants to put into your cavity or root
canal, show him/her the list below. Peace, D.
Mindock ========================================
http://www.medical-library.net/specialties/framer.html?/specialties/_biological_and_mercury_free_dentistry.html
Here in summary form are the essential assertions of
mercury and root canal free dentistry accompanied by literature references in
cases where there can be any argument. I am indebted to Dr. Robert Gammal and
Mr. Leif Hedegard for the organization of this information.
- Dental Amalgam contains about 50% Mercury. (undisputed)
- Mercury has been scientifically demonstrated to be more
toxic than Lead, Cadmium, or even Arsenic. (undisputed)
- Mercury leaves dental amalgam continuously throughout
the lifetime of the filing.(7)
- Mercury vapor is the main way that mercury comes out of
amalgam.(31)
- Mercury vapor is absorbed at a rate of 80% through the
lungs into the arterial blood. (31, 55)
- Mercury is cytotoxic, i.e., it kills cells (undisputed)
- There is NO harmless level of Mercury Vapor Exposure.
(63)
- Mercury from amalgam binds to -SH (sulfhydryl) groups.
These exist in almost every enzymatic process in the body. Mercury from
amalgam will thus have the potential of disturbing all metabolic processes. (
25, 33,60).
- Mercury from amalgam is transported freely via the
blood.(19,34,35,)
- Mercury vapor is absorbed directly into the brain. (34,
55a)
- Mercury from amalgam will result in a slow build up of
mercury in body tissues. (20,26, 34)
- Mercury crosses the blood brain barrier. (34,55a)
- Mercury is implicated in the pathogenesis of
Alzheimer's Disease. (67,68)
- Mercury from amalgam is stored in the fetus and infant
before the mother. (20,61)
- Mercury from amalgam is stored in the breast milk and
the fetus up to 8 times more than the mother's tissues. (18,19)
- Mercury (Mercury Vapor / Methyl mercury) crosses the
placenta.(18, 31)
- Mercury Crosses into breast milk.(18,31,61)
- Mercury will severely reduce reproductive function.(2,
3, 4, 20, 22, 24, 31, 37,38, 39, 40, 41, 49)
- Mercury rapidly depletes the immune
system.(27,34,35,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,60)
- Mercury will induce a number of Auto Immune
Diseases.(27,34,35,42,43,44,60)
- Mercury will cause an increase in number and severity
of allergies.(1,34,60)
- Mercury from amalgam is stored principally in the
kidneys, liver and brain. (1,20,31)
- Mercury from amalgam (shown in animal experiments)
causes kidney damage.(59)
- Mercury from will cause a 50% reduction in Kidney
filtration as shown in a study of sheep after amalgam placement.(59)
- Methyl Mercury is 100 times more toxic than elemental
Mercury. (undisputed)
- Mercury from amalgam is methylated in the
mouth.(51,53,54,)
- After chewing, Mercury Vapor levels will remain raised
for at least another 90 minutes. (1,15,16,18,47)
- Mercury from amalgam will migrate through the
tooth.(25,27,30)
- This rate of migration is increased if a gold crown is
placed over a tooth filled with amalgam. (27,30)
- Teeth are living tissue and are a part of our bodies.
(undisputed)
- Teeth have a massive communication via blood, lymph and
nerves with the rest of the body.(34
- Mercury from amalgam is absorbed into the body at a
rate of 3 to 17 mcg / day. (WHO 1991 Criteria 118)
- Mercury release is increased by; increases in
temperature, friction & increase in electrical currents.(28,31,56)
- Mercury from amalgam will enter the body as elemental
mercury, inorganic mercury, vapor, charged mercury ions.
- In the Brain, Mercury from amalgam is stored
preferentially in the Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus.(20,34)
- Micro-Mercurialism is principally characterized by
Neurological symptoms.(34)
- Mercury is transported along the axons of nerve
fibers.(33,34,50)
- Mercury from amalgam may be stored in every other cell
in the body. Each area affected will produce its own set of symptoms
- Mercury binds to hemoglobin in the red blood cell thus
reducing oxygen carrying capacity.(1,16,17,21,26,35)
- Mercury damages blood vessel reducing blood supply to
the tissues (micro-angiopathies).(34)
- Amalgam fillings produce electrical currents which
might be injurious to health. These currents are measurable in Micro Amps. The
Central Nervous System (Brain) operates in the range of Nano-Amps this is One
Thousand times less than a Micro Amp.(28)
- Dissimilar metals in the mouth [eg Gold & Amalgam]
will produce higher electrical currents.(19,30)
- Mercury from amalgam (shown in animal experiments) will
induce Antibiotic Resistance and Mercury resistance in bacteria in the mouth
and Gastrointestinal tract.(58)
- Brain levels of mercury are in a direct linear
proportion to the number of Surfaces of amalgam fillings in the
mouth.(1,19,25)
- The level of Mercury, in brain tissue of fetus's, new
born, and young children, is proportional to the number of amalgams in the
mother's mouth.(61)
- Mercury will cause single strand breaks in DNA.(41,42)
- Mercury levels in the body can not be assessed by
either blood or urine levels. (26)
- Mercury from amalgam fillings is the single greatest
source of dietary mercury for the general population. (W.H.O. Criteria 118.,
1991).
- Dental personnel are severely effected by exposure to
mercury. (3,13,49)
References:
- Sandra Denton MD : Proceedings of the First
International Conference on Bio-compatibility 1988
- EPA Mercury Health Effects Update Health Issue
Assessment. Final report 1984 EOA-600/8- 84f. USEPA, Office of Health and
Environmental Assessment Washington DC 20460
- Gordon - Pregnancy in Female Dentists - a Mercury
hazard. Proceedings of Intl conference on Mercury Hazards in Dental Practice
Sept. 2-4 Glasgow 1981
- Lee, L.P. and Dixon Effects of Mercury on
Spermatogenesis J Pharmacol Exp Thera 1975: 194(1);171-181.
- Anonymous . Mercury in Fish . Bull WHO 64(5) : 634;
1986
- Schulein,T.M.; Reinhardt, J.W. and Chan K.C. Survey of
Des Moines area dental offices for Mercury vapor. Iowa Dent. J. 70(1):35-36
1984
- Jones DW, Sutton EJ, and Milner EL Survey of Mercury
vapor in dental offices in Atlantic Canada.Can. Dent.Assoc. J. 4906:378-395,
1983
- Ochoa, R. and Miller RW. Report on independent survey
taken of Austin dental offices for Mercury contamination. Texas Dent. J.
100(1):6-9, 1983
- Kantor L. and Woodcock C, Mercury vapor in the dental
office - does carpeting make a difference? JADA103(9):402-407,1981
- Skuba, A Survey for Mercury vapor in Manitoba dental
offices J Can. Dent. Assoc. 50(7):517-522, 1984
- Chop GF. and Kaufman EG. Mercury vapor related to
manipulation of amalgam and to floor surfaces. Oper. Dent.8(1):23-27,1983
- Roydhouse RH. Ferg MR . and Knox RP. Mercury in dental
offices J Can Dent Assoc 51(2):156-158, 1985
- Butler J. Proceedings from the First International
Conference of Bio-compatibility. 1988 14 Magnus Nylander, Mercury
concentrations in the human brain and kidneys in relaton to exposure from
dental amalgam fillings. ICBM 1988
- Svare CW et.al. The effects of dental amalgam on
Mercury levels in expired air. J. Dent. Res.60(9):1668-1671,1981
- Ott K et. al. Mercury burden due to amalgam
fillings.Dtsch. Zahnarztl Z 39(9):199-205, 1984
- Abraham J, Svare C , Frank C,. The effects of dental
amalgam restorations on Blood Mercury levels. J. Dent. Res. 63(1):71-73,1984
- Vimy MJ. Lorscheider FL. Intra oral Mercury released
from dental amalgams. J. Dent Res. 64(8):1069-1071.,1985
- Matts Hanson. Amalgam hazards in your teeth,. Dept of
Zoophysiology, University of Lund, Sweden. J. Orthomolecular Psychiatry Vo1. 2
No 3 Sept 1983
- Vimy MJ, Takahashi Y, Lorscheider FL Maternal-Fetal
Distribution of Mercury Released From Dental Amalgam Fillings. Dept of
Medicine and Medical Physiology, faculty of Medicine, Univ of Calgary, Calgary
Alberta Canada 1990 published in FASEB
- 21 Goyer RA Toxic effects of metals. Cassarett and
Doull's toxicology--The basic science of poisons , ed3, New York , MacMillan
Publ.Co 1986, pp582-609
- Kuhnert P, Kunhert BRR and Erkard P COmparison of
Mercury levels in maternal blood fetal chord blood and placental tissue. Am.
J. Obstet and Gynecol.,139:209-212., 1981
- Kuntz WD- Maternal and chord blood Mercury background
levels; Longitudinal surveilance. Am J Obstet and Gynecol. 143:440-443., 1982
- Brodsky JB. Occupational exposure to Mercury in
dentistry and pregnancy outcome. JADA111(11):779-780., 1985
- Malmström C, Hansson M, Nylander M, Conference on Trace
Elements in Health and Disease. Stockholm May 25-1992
- Lorscheider & Vimy The Lancet Vol 337; may 4, 1991.
- Matts Hanson. Why is Mercury toxic. Basic chemical and
biochemical properties of Mercury/amalgam in relation to biological effects.
ICBM conference Colorado 1988
- Sheppard AR and Eisenbud M., Biological effects of
electric and magnetic fields of extremely low frequency. New York university
press. 1977
- Mareck and Hockman. Simulated crevice corrosion
experiment for ph and solution chemistry determinations. CORROSION
1974:23;1000-1006.
- Till et al. Zahnarztl. Welt/reform 1978:87;1130-1134.
- Langan, Fan, Hoos. The use of Mercury in dentistry: a
critical review of the literature. JADA Vol 115 December 1987., 867 Donated by
The ADA
- Jonnes, Suttow and Milner. Survey of Mercury vapor in
dental offices in Atlantic Canada., Canadian Dental Association Journal .,
49(6):378-395.,1983
- Goyer Toxic effects of metals. Casaret and Doull's
toxicology- the basic science of poisons. ed. 3 New York. Macmillan
Publishing. 1986 pp. 582-609
- Patrick Störtebecker Formerly Associate Professor of
Neurology, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm.. Mercury Poisoning from Dental
Amalgam- a hazard to the human brain.
- Hal Huggins. Observations From The Metabolic Fringe.
ICBM conf. Colorado 1988
- Sam Queen; Chronic Mercury Toxicity; New Hope Against
an Endemic Disease.
- Mohamed et al. Laser Light Scattering Study of the
Toxic Effects of MethylMercury on sperm motility. J. Androl.,7(1):11-15.,1986.
- Ziff S and Ziff M Infertility and birth defects.1987
- Inouye M, Murao K, Kajiwara Y, Behavorial and
neuropathological effects of prenatal methyl Mercury exposure in mice.
Neurobeahv.Toxicol Teratol.,1985:7;227-232
- Koos et al., Mercury toxicity in pregnant women, fetus
and newborn infant. Am J Obstet And Gynecol., 1976:126;390-409
- Khera et al., Teratogenic and genetic effects of
Mercury toxicity. The biochemistry of Mercury in the environment. Nriagu,
J.O.Ed Amsterdam Elsevier, 503-18,1979
- Babich et al ., The mediation of mutagenicity and
clastogenicity of heavy metals by physiochemical factors. Environ Res.,
1985:37;253-286
- Hansen K et al A survey of metal induced mutagenicity
in vitro and in vivo J Amer Coll Toxicol ., 1984:3;381-430
- Verchaeve L et al., Comparative in vitro cytogenetic
studies in Mercury exposed human lymphocytes Mutation Res., 1985:157; 221-226.
- Pelletier L et al., In -vivo self reactivity of
mononuclear cells to T cells and macrophages exposed to Hg Cl2 Eur. J Immun.,
1985: 460-465
- Veron et al Amalgam Dentaires et allergies J Biol
Buccale., 1986 : 14; 83-100
- Huggins H., Its All In You Head.1990
- Stortebecker P. Mercury Poisoning from Dental Amalgam
(Bioprob pub. 1985)
- Amalgam Hazards - an assessment of research By Irwin
Mandel DDS Assoc. Dean for Research School of dental and Oral Surgery Columbia
University New York Published JADA Vol. 122 August 1991
- Nylander et al. Fourth international symposium
Epidemiology in Occupational Health. Como Italy Sept.1985
- Heintz, Edwardson, Derand, Birkhed Methylation of
Mercury from dental amalgam and mercuric chloride by oral Streptococci. Scan.
J. Dent. Res. 1983, 91:150-152
- Bacterial Growth on Dental Restorative Materials in
Mucosal Contact. Orstavic, Arneberg, Valderhaug Acta Odontol. Scand.1981,
39:267-274
- The Methylation of Mercuric Chloride by Human
Intestinal Bacteria. Rowland, Grasso, Davies Experientia.Basel 1975 ,31:
1064-1065
- Yamada, Tonomura Formation of methyl Mercury Compounds
from inorganic Mercury . by Chlostridium cochlearium J Ferment Technol1972
50:159-166
- Hanson J Orthomolecular Psychiatry 1983, 12: 194-201
- Amalgam Restorations and Mercury Toxicity. Dr P
Sheridan, Masters Thesis, University of Sydney 1991
- Marxkors, R.: Korrosionserscheinungen an Amalgamf
llungen und Deren Auswirkungen auf den Menschlichen Organismus. Das Deutsche
Zahn rztebl. 24, 53, 117 and 170, 1970.
- Campbell & M. Godfrey Research into provocation
testing of DMPS - urine samples of Mercury.
- Summers AO, Wireman J., Vimy MJ., LOrscheider fly.,
Marshal B., Evy SB., Bennet S., Billard L. J. Of Anti-microbial Agents and
Chemotherapy 37[4]:825-34 April 1993
- Boyd ND, Benediktsson H, Vimy HJ, Hooper DE, and
Lorscheider FL. Mercury from dental "Silver" tooth fillings impairs sheep
kidney function. Am. J. Physiol. 261 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol.
30): R1010-R1014, 1991
- Stejskal V Sweden "Memory lymphocyte immuno-
stimulation assay - MLISA"
- Dr Gustav Drasch, Institute of Forensic Medicine,
University of Munich. Public announcement 25 January 1994 Bio Probe March 1994
- Dr W. Kostler., President of the Austrian Oncology
Society. Paper presented at the World Congress on Cancer. April 1994 Sydney
Australia.
- World Health Organization Criteria 118 1991 Geneva
Switzerland
- Health damage due to exposure to mercury vapor
(Mercury) Szkody zdrowotne wywolane narazeniem napary rteci (Mercury).
Moszczynski-P Jr; Moszczynski-P Czas-Stomatol. 1989 Apr; 42(4): 233-81989
(POLAND)
- Fung YK, Molvar MP, Strom A, Schneider NR, Carlson MP
In vivo mercury and methyl mercury levels in patients at different intervals
after amalgam restorations. College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska
Medical Center, Lincoln. Northwest-Dent. 1991 May-Jun; 70(3): 23-6
- Thompson CM, Markesbery WR, Ehmann WD, Mao YX Regional
brain trace-element studies in Alzheimer's disease. In: Neurotoxicology (1988
Spring) 9(1):1-7
- Vance DE, Ehmann WD, Markesbery WR A search for
longitudinal variations in trace element levels in nails of Alzheimer's
disease patients. Biol Trace Elem Res (1990 Jul-Dec) 26-27:461-70
- Systemic diseases caused by oral microorganisms.
Debelian et. al., (1994). Endod. Dent. Traumatol10:57-65.
- Systemic dissemination as a result of oral infection in
individuals 50 years of age and older. Navazesh and Mulligan (1995). Spec.
Care Dentist. 15:11-19.
- Focal pathology and infectious dental foci. Theoretical
and clinical aspects. Preda and Pasetti (1990). Dent. Cadmos 58:34-43.
- Association between acute cerebrovascular ischemia and
chronic and recurrent infection. Grau (1996). J. Periodontol. 67:1103-1113.et
al.,(1997). Stroke 28:1724-1729.
- Dental infections and coronary atherosclerosis. Mattila
et al., (1993). Atherosclerosis 103:205-211.
- Association between acute cerebrovascular ischemia and
chronic and recurrent infection. Grau et. al., (1997). Stroke 28724-1729.
- Association between dental health and acute myocardial
infarction. Mattila et. al., (1989). Br. Med. J. 298:779-784.
- Dental infections as a risk factor for acute myocardial
infarction. Mattila (1993). Europ. Heart J. 14:51-53.
|