Author: luigi
Date: Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012
New Revision: 231198
URL: http://svn.freebsd.org/changeset/base/231198

Log:
  - change the buffer size from a constant to a
    TUNABLE variable (hw.netmap.buf_size) so we can experiment
    with values different from 2048 which may give better cache performance.
  
  - rearrange the memory allocation code so it will be easier
    to replace it with a different implementation. The current code
    relies on a single large contiguous chunk of memory obtained through
    contigmalloc.
    The new implementation (not committed yet) uses multiple
    smaller chunks which are easier to fit in a fragmented address
    space.

Modified:
  head/sys/dev/netmap/if_em_netmap.h
  head/sys/dev/netmap/if_igb_netmap.h
  head/sys/dev/netmap/if_lem_netmap.h
  head/sys/dev/netmap/if_re_netmap.h
  head/sys/dev/netmap/ixgbe_netmap.h
  head/sys/dev/netmap/netmap.c
  head/sys/dev/netmap/netmap_kern.h
  head/sys/net/netmap.h
  head/sys/net/netmap_user.h
  head/tools/tools/netmap/pkt-gen.c

Modified: head/sys/dev/netmap/if_em_netmap.h
==============================================================================
--- head/sys/dev/netmap/if_em_netmap.h  Wed Feb  8 11:33:46 2012        
(r231197)
+++ head/sys/dev/netmap/if_em_netmap.h  Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012        
(r231198)
@@ -61,7 +61,6 @@ em_netmap_attach(struct adapter *adapter
        na.nm_rxsync = em_netmap_rxsync;
        na.nm_lock = em_netmap_lock_wrapper;
        na.nm_register = em_netmap_reg;
-       na.buff_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
        netmap_attach(&na, adapter->num_queues);
 }
 

Modified: head/sys/dev/netmap/if_igb_netmap.h
==============================================================================
--- head/sys/dev/netmap/if_igb_netmap.h Wed Feb  8 11:33:46 2012        
(r231197)
+++ head/sys/dev/netmap/if_igb_netmap.h Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012        
(r231198)
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@ igb_netmap_attach(struct adapter *adapte
        na.nm_rxsync = igb_netmap_rxsync;
        na.nm_lock = igb_netmap_lock_wrapper;
        na.nm_register = igb_netmap_reg;
-       na.buff_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
        netmap_attach(&na, adapter->num_queues);
 }      
 

Modified: head/sys/dev/netmap/if_lem_netmap.h
==============================================================================
--- head/sys/dev/netmap/if_lem_netmap.h Wed Feb  8 11:33:46 2012        
(r231197)
+++ head/sys/dev/netmap/if_lem_netmap.h Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012        
(r231198)
@@ -62,7 +62,6 @@ lem_netmap_attach(struct adapter *adapte
        na.nm_rxsync = lem_netmap_rxsync;
        na.nm_lock = lem_netmap_lock_wrapper;
        na.nm_register = lem_netmap_reg;
-       na.buff_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
        netmap_attach(&na, 1);
 }
 
@@ -247,6 +246,7 @@ lem_netmap_txsync(void *a, u_int ring_nr
                        ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail;
                }
        }
+
        if (do_lock)
                EM_TX_UNLOCK(adapter);
        return 0;
@@ -351,9 +351,9 @@ lem_netmap_rxsync(void *a, u_int ring_nr
 
        /* tell userspace that there are new packets */
        ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail ;
+
        if (do_lock)
                EM_RX_UNLOCK(adapter);
        return 0;
 }
-
-
+/* end of file */

Modified: head/sys/dev/netmap/if_re_netmap.h
==============================================================================
--- head/sys/dev/netmap/if_re_netmap.h  Wed Feb  8 11:33:46 2012        
(r231197)
+++ head/sys/dev/netmap/if_re_netmap.h  Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012        
(r231198)
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ re_netmap_attach(struct rl_softc *sc)
        na.nm_rxsync = re_netmap_rxsync;
        na.nm_lock = re_netmap_lock_wrapper;
        na.nm_register = re_netmap_reg;
-       na.buff_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
        netmap_attach(&na, 1);
 }
 

Modified: head/sys/dev/netmap/ixgbe_netmap.h
==============================================================================
--- head/sys/dev/netmap/ixgbe_netmap.h  Wed Feb  8 11:33:46 2012        
(r231197)
+++ head/sys/dev/netmap/ixgbe_netmap.h  Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012        
(r231198)
@@ -82,13 +82,6 @@ ixgbe_netmap_attach(struct adapter *adap
        na.nm_rxsync = ixgbe_netmap_rxsync;
        na.nm_lock = ixgbe_netmap_lock_wrapper;
        na.nm_register = ixgbe_netmap_reg;
-       /*
-        * XXX where do we put this comment ?
-        * adapter->rx_mbuf_sz is set by SIOCSETMTU, but in netmap mode
-        * we allocate the buffers on the first register. So we must
-        * disallow a SIOCSETMTU when if_capenable & IFCAP_NETMAP is set.
-        */
-       na.buff_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
        netmap_attach(&na, adapter->num_queues);
 }      
 
@@ -354,7 +347,8 @@ ring_reset:
                 * otherwise we go to sleep (in netmap_poll()) and will be
                 * woken up when slot nr_kflags will be ready.
                 */
-               struct ixgbe_legacy_tx_desc *txd = (struct ixgbe_legacy_tx_desc 
*)txr->tx_base;
+               struct ixgbe_legacy_tx_desc *txd =
+                   (struct ixgbe_legacy_tx_desc *)txr->tx_base;
 
                j = txr->next_to_clean + kring->nkr_num_slots/2;
                if (j >= kring->nkr_num_slots)
@@ -365,9 +359,7 @@ ring_reset:
                kring->nr_kflags = j; /* the slot to check */
                j = txd[j].upper.fields.status & IXGBE_TXD_STAT_DD;
        }
-       if (!j) {
-               netmap_skip_txsync++;
-       } else {
+       if (j) {
                int delta;
 
                /*
@@ -471,7 +463,7 @@ ixgbe_netmap_rxsync(void *a, u_int ring_
        if (j > lim)
                j -= lim + 1;
 
-    if (force_update) {
+    if (netmap_no_pendintr || force_update) {
        for (n = 0; ; n++) {
                union ixgbe_adv_rx_desc *curr = &rxr->rx_base[l];
                uint32_t staterr = le32toh(curr->wb.upper.status_error);
@@ -548,6 +540,7 @@ ixgbe_netmap_rxsync(void *a, u_int ring_
        }
        /* tell userspace that there are new packets */
        ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail ;
+
        if (do_lock)
                IXGBE_RX_UNLOCK(rxr);
        return 0;

Modified: head/sys/dev/netmap/netmap.c
==============================================================================
--- head/sys/dev/netmap/netmap.c        Wed Feb  8 11:33:46 2012        
(r231197)
+++ head/sys/dev/netmap/netmap.c        Wed Feb  8 11:43:29 2012        
(r231198)
@@ -92,6 +92,39 @@ MALLOC_DEFINE(M_NETMAP, "netmap", "Netwo
  */
 #define NMA_LOCK()     mtx_lock(&netmap_mem_d->nm_mtx);
 #define NMA_UNLOCK()   mtx_unlock(&netmap_mem_d->nm_mtx);
+struct netmap_mem_d;
+static struct netmap_mem_d *netmap_mem_d;      /* Our memory allocator. */
+
+u_int netmap_total_buffers;
+char *netmap_buffer_base;      /* address of an invalid buffer */
+
+/* user-controlled variables */
+int netmap_verbose;
+
+static int netmap_no_timestamp; /* don't timestamp on rxsync */
+
+SYSCTL_NODE(_dev, OID_AUTO, netmap, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "Netmap args");
+SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, verbose,
+    CTLFLAG_RW, &netmap_verbose, 0, "Verbose mode");
+SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, no_timestamp,
+    CTLFLAG_RW, &netmap_no_timestamp, 0, "no_timestamp");
+int netmap_buf_size = 2048;
+TUNABLE_INT("hw.netmap.buf_size", &netmap_buf_size);
+SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, buf_size,
+    CTLFLAG_RD, &netmap_buf_size, 0, "Size of packet buffers");
+int netmap_mitigate = 1;
+SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, mitigate, CTLFLAG_RW, &netmap_mitigate, 0, 
"");
+int netmap_no_pendintr;
+SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, no_pendintr,
+    CTLFLAG_RW, &netmap_no_pendintr, 0, "Always look for new received 
packets.");
+
+
+
+/*----- memory allocator -----------------*/
+/*
+ * Here we have the low level routines for memory allocator
+ * and its primary users.
+ */
 
 /*
  * Default amount of memory pre-allocated by the module.
@@ -128,30 +161,13 @@ struct netmap_buf_pool {
        uint32_t *bitmap;       /* one bit per buffer, 1 means free */
 };
 struct netmap_buf_pool nm_buf_pool;
-/* XXX move these two vars back into netmap_buf_pool */
-u_int netmap_total_buffers;
-char *netmap_buffer_base;      /* address of an invalid buffer */
-
-/* user-controlled variables */
-int netmap_verbose;
-
-static int no_timestamp; /* don't timestamp on rxsync */
-
-SYSCTL_NODE(_dev, OID_AUTO, netmap, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "Netmap args");
-SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, verbose,
-    CTLFLAG_RW, &netmap_verbose, 0, "Verbose mode");
-SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, no_timestamp,
-    CTLFLAG_RW, &no_timestamp, 0, "no_timestamp");
 SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, total_buffers,
     CTLFLAG_RD, &nm_buf_pool.total_buffers, 0, "total_buffers");
 SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, free_buffers,
     CTLFLAG_RD, &nm_buf_pool.free, 0, "free_buffers");
-int netmap_mitigate = 1;
-SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, mitigate, CTLFLAG_RW, &netmap_mitigate, 0, 
"");
-int netmap_skip_txsync;
-SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, skip_txsync, CTLFLAG_RW, 
&netmap_skip_txsync, 0, "");
-int netmap_skip_rxsync;
-SYSCTL_INT(_dev_netmap, OID_AUTO, skip_rxsync, CTLFLAG_RW, 
&netmap_skip_rxsync, 0, "");
+
+
+
 
 /*
  * Allocate n buffers from the ring, and fill the slot.
@@ -165,79 +181,446 @@ netmap_new_bufs(struct netmap_if *nifp _
        uint32_t bi = 0;                /* index in the bitmap */
        uint32_t mask, j, i = 0;        /* slot counter */
 
-       if (n > p->free) {
-               D("only %d out of %d buffers available", i, n);
-               return;
-       }
-       /* termination is guaranteed by p->free */
-       while (i < n && p->free > 0) {
-               uint32_t cur = p->bitmap[bi];
-               if (cur == 0) { /* bitmask is fully used */
-                       bi++;
-                       continue;
-               }
-               /* locate a slot */
-               for (j = 0, mask = 1; (cur & mask) == 0; j++, mask <<= 1) ;
-               p->bitmap[bi] &= ~mask;         /* slot in use */
-               p->free--;
-               slot[i].buf_idx = bi*32+j;
-               slot[i].len = p->bufsize;
-               slot[i].flags = NS_BUF_CHANGED;
-               i++;
-       }
-       ND("allocated %d buffers, %d available", n, p->free);
+       if (n > p->free) {
+               D("only %d out of %d buffers available", i, n);
+               return;
+       }
+       /* termination is guaranteed by p->free */
+       while (i < n && p->free > 0) {
+               uint32_t cur = p->bitmap[bi];
+               if (cur == 0) { /* bitmask is fully used */
+                       bi++;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /* locate a slot */
+               for (j = 0, mask = 1; (cur & mask) == 0; j++, mask <<= 1) ;
+               p->bitmap[bi] &= ~mask;         /* slot in use */
+               p->free--;
+               slot[i].buf_idx = bi*32+j;
+               slot[i].len = p->bufsize;
+               slot[i].flags = NS_BUF_CHANGED;
+               i++;
+       }
+       ND("allocated %d buffers, %d available", n, p->free);
+}
+
+
+static void
+netmap_free_buf(struct netmap_if *nifp __unused, uint32_t i)
+{
+       struct netmap_buf_pool *p = &nm_buf_pool;
+
+       uint32_t pos, mask;
+       if (i >= p->total_buffers) {
+               D("invalid free index %d", i);
+               return;
+       }
+       pos = i / 32;
+       mask = 1 << (i % 32);
+       if (p->bitmap[pos] & mask) {
+               D("slot %d already free", i);
+               return;
+       }
+       p->bitmap[pos] |= mask;
+       p->free++;
+}
+
+
+/* Descriptor of the memory objects handled by our memory allocator. */
+struct netmap_mem_obj {
+       TAILQ_ENTRY(netmap_mem_obj) nmo_next; /* next object in the
+                                                chain. */
+       int nmo_used; /* flag set on used memory objects. */
+       size_t nmo_size; /* size of the memory area reserved for the
+                           object. */
+       void *nmo_data; /* pointer to the memory area. */
+};
+
+/* Wrap our memory objects to make them ``chainable``. */
+TAILQ_HEAD(netmap_mem_obj_h, netmap_mem_obj);
+
+
+/* Descriptor of our custom memory allocator. */
+struct netmap_mem_d {
+       struct mtx nm_mtx; /* lock used to handle the chain of memory
+                             objects. */
+       struct netmap_mem_obj_h nm_molist; /* list of memory objects */
+       size_t nm_size; /* total amount of memory used for rings etc. */
+       size_t nm_totalsize; /* total amount of allocated memory
+               (the difference is used for buffers) */
+       size_t nm_buf_start; /* offset of packet buffers.
+                       This is page-aligned. */
+       size_t nm_buf_len; /* total memory for buffers */
+       void *nm_buffer; /* pointer to the whole pre-allocated memory
+                           area. */
+};
+
+/* Shorthand to compute a netmap interface offset. */
+#define netmap_if_offset(v)                                     \
+    ((char *) (v) - (char *) netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer)
+/* .. and get a physical address given a memory offset */
+#define netmap_ofstophys(o)                                     \
+    (vtophys(netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer) + (o))
+
+
+/*------ netmap memory allocator -------*/
+/*
+ * Request for a chunk of memory.
+ *
+ * Memory objects are arranged into a list, hence we need to walk this
+ * list until we find an object with the needed amount of data free. 
+ * This sounds like a completely inefficient implementation, but given
+ * the fact that data allocation is done once, we can handle it
+ * flawlessly.
+ *
+ * Return NULL on failure.
+ */
+static void *
+netmap_malloc(size_t size, __unused const char *msg)
+{
+       struct netmap_mem_obj *mem_obj, *new_mem_obj;
+       void *ret = NULL;
+
+       NMA_LOCK();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(mem_obj, &netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, nmo_next) {
+               if (mem_obj->nmo_used != 0 || mem_obj->nmo_size < size)
+                       continue;
+
+               new_mem_obj = malloc(sizeof(struct netmap_mem_obj), M_NETMAP,
+                                    M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+               TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(mem_obj, new_mem_obj, nmo_next);
+
+               new_mem_obj->nmo_used = 1;
+               new_mem_obj->nmo_size = size;
+               new_mem_obj->nmo_data = mem_obj->nmo_data;
+               memset(new_mem_obj->nmo_data, 0, new_mem_obj->nmo_size);
+
+               mem_obj->nmo_size -= size;
+               mem_obj->nmo_data = (char *) mem_obj->nmo_data + size;
+               if (mem_obj->nmo_size == 0) {
+                       TAILQ_REMOVE(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, mem_obj,
+                                    nmo_next);
+                       free(mem_obj, M_NETMAP);
+               }
+
+               ret = new_mem_obj->nmo_data;
+
+               break;
+       }
+       NMA_UNLOCK();
+       ND("%s: %d bytes at %p", msg, size, ret);
+
+       return (ret);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the memory to the allocator.
+ *
+ * While freeing a memory object, we try to merge adjacent chunks in
+ * order to reduce memory fragmentation.
+ */
+static void
+netmap_free(void *addr, const char *msg)
+{
+       size_t size;
+       struct netmap_mem_obj *cur, *prev, *next;
+
+       if (addr == NULL) {
+               D("NULL addr for %s", msg);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       NMA_LOCK();
+       TAILQ_FOREACH(cur, &netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, nmo_next) {
+               if (cur->nmo_data == addr && cur->nmo_used)
+                       break;
+       }
+       if (cur == NULL) {
+               NMA_UNLOCK();
+               D("invalid addr %s %p", msg, addr);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       size = cur->nmo_size;
+       cur->nmo_used = 0;
+
+       /* merge current chunk of memory with the previous one,
+          if present. */
+       prev = TAILQ_PREV(cur, netmap_mem_obj_h, nmo_next);
+       if (prev && prev->nmo_used == 0) {
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, cur, nmo_next);
+               prev->nmo_size += cur->nmo_size;
+               free(cur, M_NETMAP);
+               cur = prev;
+       }
+
+       /* merge with the next one */
+       next = TAILQ_NEXT(cur, nmo_next);
+       if (next && next->nmo_used == 0) {
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, next, nmo_next);
+               cur->nmo_size += next->nmo_size;
+               free(next, M_NETMAP);
+       }
+       NMA_UNLOCK();
+       ND("freed %s %d bytes at %p", msg, size, addr);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Create and return a new ``netmap_if`` object, and possibly also
+ * rings and packet buffors.
+ *
+ * Return NULL on failure.
+ */
+static void *
+netmap_if_new(const char *ifname, struct netmap_adapter *na)
+{
+       struct netmap_if *nifp;
+       struct netmap_ring *ring;
+       char *buff;
+       u_int i, len, ofs;
+       u_int n = na->num_queues + 1; /* shorthand, include stack queue */
+
+       /*
+        * the descriptor is followed inline by an array of offsets
+        * to the tx and rx rings in the shared memory region.
+        */
+       len = sizeof(struct netmap_if) + 2 * n * sizeof(ssize_t);
+       nifp = netmap_if_malloc(len);
+       if (nifp == NULL)
+               return (NULL);
+
+       /* initialize base fields */
+       *(int *)(uintptr_t)&nifp->ni_num_queues = na->num_queues;
+       strncpy(nifp->ni_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
+
+       (na->refcount)++;       /* XXX atomic ? we are under lock */
+       if (na->refcount > 1)
+               goto final;
+
+       /*
+        * If this is the first instance, allocate the shadow rings and
+        * buffers for this card (one for each hw queue, one for the host).
+        * The rings are contiguous, but have variable size.
+        * The entire block is reachable at
+        *      na->tx_rings[0].ring
+        */
+
+       len = n * (2 * sizeof(struct netmap_ring) +
+                 (na->num_tx_desc + na->num_rx_desc) *
+                  sizeof(struct netmap_slot) );
+       buff = netmap_ring_malloc(len);
+       if (buff == NULL) {
+               D("failed to allocate %d bytes for %s shadow ring",
+                       len, ifname);
+error:
+               (na->refcount)--;
+               netmap_if_free(nifp);
+               return (NULL);
+       }
+       /* do we have the bufers ? we are in need of num_tx_desc buffers for
+        * each tx ring and num_tx_desc buffers for each rx ring. */
+       len = n * (na->num_tx_desc + na->num_rx_desc);
+       NMA_LOCK();
+       if (nm_buf_pool.free < len) {
+               NMA_UNLOCK();
+               netmap_free(buff, "not enough bufs");
+               goto error;
+       }
+       /*
+        * in the kring, store the pointers to the shared rings
+        * and initialize the rings. We are under NMA_LOCK().
+        */
+       ofs = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+               struct netmap_kring *kring;
+               int numdesc;
+
+               /* Transmit rings */
+               kring = &na->tx_rings[i];
+               numdesc = na->num_tx_desc;
+               bzero(kring, sizeof(*kring));
+               kring->na = na;
+
+               ring = kring->ring = (struct netmap_ring *)(buff + ofs);
+               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->buf_ofs =
+                       nm_buf_pool.base - (char *)ring;
+               ND("txring[%d] at %p ofs %d", i, ring, ring->buf_ofs);
+               *(uint32_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->num_slots =
+                       kring->nkr_num_slots = numdesc;
+
+               /*
+                * IMPORTANT:
+                * Always keep one slot empty, so we can detect new
+                * transmissions comparing cur and nr_hwcur (they are
+                * the same only if there are no new transmissions).
+                */
+               ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail = numdesc - 1;
+               ring->cur = kring->nr_hwcur = 0;
+               *(uint16_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->nr_buf_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
+               netmap_new_bufs(nifp, ring->slot, numdesc);
+
+               ofs += sizeof(struct netmap_ring) +
+                       numdesc * sizeof(struct netmap_slot);
+
+               /* Receive rings */
+               kring = &na->rx_rings[i];
+               numdesc = na->num_rx_desc;
+               bzero(kring, sizeof(*kring));
+               kring->na = na;
+
+               ring = kring->ring = (struct netmap_ring *)(buff + ofs);
+               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->buf_ofs =
+                       nm_buf_pool.base - (char *)ring;
+               ND("rxring[%d] at %p offset %d", i, ring, ring->buf_ofs);
+               *(uint32_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->num_slots =
+                       kring->nkr_num_slots = numdesc;
+               ring->cur = kring->nr_hwcur = 0;
+               ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail = 0; /* empty */
+               *(uint16_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->nr_buf_size = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
+               netmap_new_bufs(nifp, ring->slot, numdesc);
+               ofs += sizeof(struct netmap_ring) +
+                       numdesc * sizeof(struct netmap_slot);
+       }
+       NMA_UNLOCK();
+       for (i = 0; i < n+1; i++) {
+               // XXX initialize the selrecord structs.
+       }
+final:
+       /*
+        * fill the slots for the rx and tx queues. They contain the offset
+        * between the ring and nifp, so the information is usable in
+        * userspace to reach the ring from the nifp.
+        */
+       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+               char *base = (char *)nifp;
+               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&nifp->ring_ofs[i] =
+                       (char *)na->tx_rings[i].ring - base;
+               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&nifp->ring_ofs[i+n] =
+                       (char *)na->rx_rings[i].ring - base;
+       }
+       return (nifp);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize the memory allocator.
+ *
+ * Create the descriptor for the memory , allocate the pool of memory
+ * and initialize the list of memory objects with a single chunk
+ * containing the whole pre-allocated memory marked as free.
+ *
+ * Start with a large size, then halve as needed if we fail to
+ * allocate the block. While halving, always add one extra page
+ * because buffers 0 and 1 are used for special purposes.
+ * Return 0 on success, errno otherwise.
+ */
+static int
+netmap_memory_init(void)
+{
+       struct netmap_mem_obj *mem_obj;
+       void *buf = NULL;
+       int i, n, sz = NETMAP_MEMORY_SIZE;
+       int extra_sz = 0; // space for rings and two spare buffers
+
+       for (; sz >= 1<<20; sz >>=1) {
+               extra_sz = sz/200;
+               extra_sz = (extra_sz + 2*PAGE_SIZE - 1) & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1);
+               buf = contigmalloc(sz + extra_sz,
+                            M_NETMAP,
+                            M_WAITOK | M_ZERO,
+                            0, /* low address */
+                            -1UL, /* high address */
+                            PAGE_SIZE, /* alignment */
+                            0 /* boundary */
+                           );
+               if (buf)
+                       break;
+       } 
+       if (buf == NULL)
+               return (ENOMEM);
+       sz += extra_sz;
+       netmap_mem_d = malloc(sizeof(struct netmap_mem_d), M_NETMAP,
+                             M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+       mtx_init(&netmap_mem_d->nm_mtx, "netmap memory allocator lock", NULL,
+                MTX_DEF);
+       TAILQ_INIT(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist);
+       netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer = buf;
+       netmap_mem_d->nm_totalsize = sz;
+
+       /*
+        * A buffer takes 2k, a slot takes 8 bytes + ring overhead,
+        * so the ratio is 200:1. In other words, we can use 1/200 of
+        * the memory for the rings, and the rest for the buffers,
+        * and be sure we never run out.
+        */
+       netmap_mem_d->nm_size = sz/200;
+       netmap_mem_d->nm_buf_start =
+               (netmap_mem_d->nm_size + PAGE_SIZE - 1) & ~(PAGE_SIZE-1);
+       netmap_mem_d->nm_buf_len = sz - netmap_mem_d->nm_buf_start;
+
+       nm_buf_pool.base = netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer;
+       nm_buf_pool.base += netmap_mem_d->nm_buf_start;
+       netmap_buffer_base = nm_buf_pool.base;
+       D("netmap_buffer_base %p (offset %d)",
+               netmap_buffer_base, (int)netmap_mem_d->nm_buf_start);
+       /* number of buffers, they all start as free */
+
+       netmap_total_buffers = nm_buf_pool.total_buffers =
+               netmap_mem_d->nm_buf_len / NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
+       nm_buf_pool.bufsize = NETMAP_BUF_SIZE;
+
+       D("Have %d MB, use %dKB for rings, %d buffers at %p",
+               (sz >> 20), (int)(netmap_mem_d->nm_size >> 10),
+               nm_buf_pool.total_buffers, nm_buf_pool.base);
+
+       /* allocate and initialize the bitmap. Entry 0 is considered
+        * always busy (used as default when there are no buffers left).
+        */
+       n = (nm_buf_pool.total_buffers + 31) / 32;
+       nm_buf_pool.bitmap = malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * n, M_NETMAP,
+                        M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+       nm_buf_pool.bitmap[0] = ~3; /* slot 0 and 1 always busy */
+       for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
+               nm_buf_pool.bitmap[i] = ~0;
+       nm_buf_pool.free = nm_buf_pool.total_buffers - 2;
+       
+       mem_obj = malloc(sizeof(struct netmap_mem_obj), M_NETMAP,
+                        M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
+       TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, mem_obj, nmo_next);
+       mem_obj->nmo_used = 0;
+       mem_obj->nmo_size = netmap_mem_d->nm_size;
+       mem_obj->nmo_data = netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer;
+
+       return (0);
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * Finalize the memory allocator.
+ *
+ * Free all the memory objects contained inside the list, and deallocate
+ * the pool of memory; finally free the memory allocator descriptor.
+ */
 static void
-netmap_free_buf(struct netmap_if *nifp __unused, uint32_t i)
+netmap_memory_fini(void)
 {
-       struct netmap_buf_pool *p = &nm_buf_pool;
+       struct netmap_mem_obj *mem_obj;
 
-       uint32_t pos, mask;
-       if (i >= p->total_buffers) {
-               D("invalid free index %d", i);
-               return;
-       }
-       pos = i / 32;
-       mask = 1 << (i % 32);
-       if (p->bitmap[pos] & mask) {
-               D("slot %d already free", i);
-               return;
+       while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist)) {
+               mem_obj = TAILQ_FIRST(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist);
+               TAILQ_REMOVE(&netmap_mem_d->nm_molist, mem_obj, nmo_next);
+               if (mem_obj->nmo_used == 1) {
+                       printf("netmap: leaked %d bytes at %p\n",
+                              (int)mem_obj->nmo_size,
+                              mem_obj->nmo_data);
+               }
+               free(mem_obj, M_NETMAP);
        }
-       p->bitmap[pos] |= mask;
-       p->free++;
+       contigfree(netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer, netmap_mem_d->nm_totalsize, 
M_NETMAP);
+       // XXX mutex_destroy(nm_mtx);
+       free(netmap_mem_d, M_NETMAP);
 }
-
-
-/* Descriptor of the memory objects handled by our memory allocator. */
-struct netmap_mem_obj {
-       TAILQ_ENTRY(netmap_mem_obj) nmo_next; /* next object in the
-                                                chain. */
-       int nmo_used; /* flag set on used memory objects. */
-       size_t nmo_size; /* size of the memory area reserved for the
-                           object. */
-       void *nmo_data; /* pointer to the memory area. */
-};
-
-/* Wrap our memory objects to make them ``chainable``. */
-TAILQ_HEAD(netmap_mem_obj_h, netmap_mem_obj);
-
-
-/* Descriptor of our custom memory allocator. */
-struct netmap_mem_d {
-       struct mtx nm_mtx; /* lock used to handle the chain of memory
-                             objects. */
-       struct netmap_mem_obj_h nm_molist; /* list of memory objects */
-       size_t nm_size; /* total amount of memory used for rings etc. */
-       size_t nm_totalsize; /* total amount of allocated memory
-               (the difference is used for buffers) */
-       size_t nm_buf_start; /* offset of packet buffers.
-                       This is page-aligned. */
-       size_t nm_buf_len; /* total memory for buffers */
-       void *nm_buffer; /* pointer to the whole pre-allocated memory
-                           area. */
-};
+/*------------- end of memory allocator -----------------*/
 
 
 /* Structure associated to each thread which registered an interface. */
@@ -250,15 +633,8 @@ struct netmap_priv_d {
        uint16_t        np_txpoll;
 };
 
-/* Shorthand to compute a netmap interface offset. */
-#define netmap_if_offset(v)                                     \
-    ((char *) (v) - (char *) netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer)
-/* .. and get a physical address given a memory offset */
-#define netmap_ofstophys(o)                                     \
-    (vtophys(netmap_mem_d->nm_buffer) + (o))
 
 static struct cdev *netmap_dev; /* /dev/netmap character device. */
-static struct netmap_mem_d *netmap_mem_d; /* Our memory allocator. */
 
 
 static d_mmap_t netmap_mmap;
@@ -351,6 +727,7 @@ netmap_kqfilter(struct cdev *dev, struct
 }
 #endif /* NETMAP_KEVENT */
 
+
 /*
  * File descriptor's private data destructor.
  *
@@ -358,19 +735,13 @@ netmap_kqfilter(struct cdev *dev, struct
  * revert to normal operation. We expect that np_ifp has not gone.
  */
 static void
-netmap_dtor(void *data)
+netmap_dtor_locked(void *data)
 {
        struct netmap_priv_d *priv = data;
        struct ifnet *ifp = priv->np_ifp;
        struct netmap_adapter *na = NA(ifp);
        struct netmap_if *nifp = priv->np_nifp;
 
-       if (0)
-           printf("%s starting for %p ifp %p\n", __FUNCTION__, priv,
-               priv ? priv->np_ifp : NULL);
-
-       na->nm_lock(ifp->if_softc, NETMAP_CORE_LOCK, 0); 
-
        na->refcount--;
        if (na->refcount <= 0) {        /* last instance */
                u_int i;
@@ -411,159 +782,34 @@ netmap_dtor(void *data)
                        for (j = 0; j < lim; j++)
                                netmap_free_buf(nifp, ring->slot[j].buf_idx);
 
-                       ND("rx queue %d", i);
-                       ring = na->rx_rings[i].ring;
-                       lim = na->rx_rings[i].nkr_num_slots;
-                       for (j = 0; j < lim; j++)
-                               netmap_free_buf(nifp, ring->slot[j].buf_idx);
-               }
-               NMA_UNLOCK();
-               netmap_free_rings(na);
-               wakeup(na);
-       }
-       netmap_if_free(nifp);
-
-       na->nm_lock(ifp->if_softc, NETMAP_CORE_UNLOCK, 0); 
-
-       if_rele(ifp);
-
-       bzero(priv, sizeof(*priv));     /* XXX for safety */
-       free(priv, M_DEVBUF);
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Create and return a new ``netmap_if`` object, and possibly also
- * rings and packet buffors.
- *
- * Return NULL on failure.
- */
-static void *
-netmap_if_new(const char *ifname, struct netmap_adapter *na)
-{
-       struct netmap_if *nifp;
-       struct netmap_ring *ring;
-       char *buff;
-       u_int i, len, ofs;
-       u_int n = na->num_queues + 1; /* shorthand, include stack queue */
-
-       /*
-        * the descriptor is followed inline by an array of offsets
-        * to the tx and rx rings in the shared memory region.
-        */
-       len = sizeof(struct netmap_if) + 2 * n * sizeof(ssize_t);
-       nifp = netmap_if_malloc(len);
-       if (nifp == NULL)
-               return (NULL);
-
-       /* initialize base fields */
-       *(int *)(uintptr_t)&nifp->ni_num_queues = na->num_queues;
-       strncpy(nifp->ni_name, ifname, IFNAMSIZ);
-
-       (na->refcount)++;       /* XXX atomic ? we are under lock */
-       if (na->refcount > 1)
-               goto final;
-
-       /*
-        * If this is the first instance, allocate the shadow rings and
-        * buffers for this card (one for each hw queue, one for the host).
-        * The rings are contiguous, but have variable size.
-        * The entire block is reachable at
-        *      na->tx_rings[0].ring
-        */
-
-       len = n * (2 * sizeof(struct netmap_ring) +
-                 (na->num_tx_desc + na->num_rx_desc) *
-                  sizeof(struct netmap_slot) );
-       buff = netmap_ring_malloc(len);
-       if (buff == NULL) {
-               D("failed to allocate %d bytes for %s shadow ring",
-                       len, ifname);
-error:
-               (na->refcount)--;
-               netmap_if_free(nifp);
-               return (NULL);
-       }
-       /* do we have the bufers ? we are in need of num_tx_desc buffers for
-        * each tx ring and num_tx_desc buffers for each rx ring. */
-       len = n * (na->num_tx_desc + na->num_rx_desc);
-       NMA_LOCK();
-       if (nm_buf_pool.free < len) {
-               NMA_UNLOCK();
-               netmap_free(buff, "not enough bufs");
-               goto error;
-       }
-       /*
-        * in the kring, store the pointers to the shared rings
-        * and initialize the rings. We are under NMA_LOCK().
-        */
-       ofs = 0;
-       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-               struct netmap_kring *kring;
-               int numdesc;
-
-               /* Transmit rings */
-               kring = &na->tx_rings[i];
-               numdesc = na->num_tx_desc;
-               bzero(kring, sizeof(*kring));
-               kring->na = na;
-
-               ring = kring->ring = (struct netmap_ring *)(buff + ofs);
-               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->buf_ofs =
-                       nm_buf_pool.base - (char *)ring;
-               ND("txring[%d] at %p ofs %d", i, ring, ring->buf_ofs);
-               *(int *)(int *)(uintptr_t)&ring->num_slots =
-                       kring->nkr_num_slots = numdesc;
-
-               /*
-                * IMPORTANT:
-                * Always keep one slot empty, so we can detect new
-                * transmissions comparing cur and nr_hwcur (they are
-                * the same only if there are no new transmissions).
-                */
-               ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail = numdesc - 1;
-               ring->cur = kring->nr_hwcur = 0;
-               netmap_new_bufs(nifp, ring->slot, numdesc);
-
-               ofs += sizeof(struct netmap_ring) +
-                       numdesc * sizeof(struct netmap_slot);
-
-               /* Receive rings */
-               kring = &na->rx_rings[i];
-               numdesc = na->num_rx_desc;
-               bzero(kring, sizeof(*kring));
-               kring->na = na;
-
-               ring = kring->ring = (struct netmap_ring *)(buff + ofs);
-               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&ring->buf_ofs =
-                       nm_buf_pool.base - (char *)ring;
-               ND("rxring[%d] at %p offset %d", i, ring, ring->buf_ofs);
-               *(int *)(int *)(uintptr_t)&ring->num_slots =
-                       kring->nkr_num_slots = numdesc;
-               ring->cur = kring->nr_hwcur = 0;
-               ring->avail = kring->nr_hwavail = 0; /* empty */
-               netmap_new_bufs(nifp, ring->slot, numdesc);
-               ofs += sizeof(struct netmap_ring) +
-                       numdesc * sizeof(struct netmap_slot);
-       }
-       NMA_UNLOCK();
-       for (i = 0; i < n+1; i++) {
-               // XXX initialize the selrecord structs.
-       }
-final:
-       /*
-        * fill the slots for the rx and tx queues. They contain the offset
-        * between the ring and nifp, so the information is usable in
-        * userspace to reach the ring from the nifp.
-        */
-       for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-               char *base = (char *)nifp;
-               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&nifp->ring_ofs[i] =
-                       (char *)na->tx_rings[i].ring - base;
-               *(ssize_t *)(uintptr_t)&nifp->ring_ofs[i+n] =
-                       (char *)na->rx_rings[i].ring - base;
+                       ND("rx queue %d", i);
+                       ring = na->rx_rings[i].ring;
+                       lim = na->rx_rings[i].nkr_num_slots;
+                       for (j = 0; j < lim; j++)
+                               netmap_free_buf(nifp, ring->slot[j].buf_idx);
+               }
+               NMA_UNLOCK();
+               netmap_free_rings(na);
+               wakeup(na);
        }
-       return (nifp);
+       netmap_if_free(nifp);
+}
+
+
+static void
+netmap_dtor(void *data)
+{
+       struct netmap_priv_d *priv = data;
+       struct ifnet *ifp = priv->np_ifp;
+       struct netmap_adapter *na = NA(ifp);
+
+       na->nm_lock(ifp->if_softc, NETMAP_CORE_LOCK, 0);
+       netmap_dtor_locked(data);
+       na->nm_lock(ifp->if_softc, NETMAP_CORE_UNLOCK, 0); 
+
+       if_rele(ifp);
+       bzero(priv, sizeof(*priv));     /* XXX for safety */
+       free(priv, M_DEVBUF);
 }
 
 
@@ -894,7 +1140,6 @@ netmap_ioctl(__unused struct cdev *dev, 
                        break;
                }
 
-
                for (i = 10; i > 0; i--) {
                        na->nm_lock(adapter, NETMAP_CORE_LOCK, 0);
                        if (!NETMAP_DELETING(na))
@@ -924,25 +1169,16 @@ netmap_ioctl(__unused struct cdev *dev, 
                         * and make it use the shared buffers.
                         */
                        error = na->nm_register(ifp, 1); /* mode on */
-                       if (error) {
-                               /*
-                                * do something similar to netmap_dtor().
-                                */
-                               netmap_free_rings(na);
-                               // XXX tx_rings is inline, must not be freed.
-                               // free(na->tx_rings, M_DEVBUF); // XXX wrong ?
-                               na->tx_rings = na->rx_rings = NULL;
-                               na->refcount--;
-                               netmap_if_free(nifp);
-                               nifp = NULL;
-                       }
+                       if (error)
+                               netmap_dtor_locked(priv);
                }
 
                if (error) {    /* reg. failed, release priv and ref */
 error:
                        na->nm_lock(adapter, NETMAP_CORE_UNLOCK, 0);
-                       free(priv, M_DEVBUF);
                        if_rele(ifp);   /* return the refcount */
+                       bzero(priv, sizeof(*priv));
+                       free(priv, M_DEVBUF);
                        break;
                }
 
@@ -1166,6 +1402,12 @@ netmap_poll(__unused struct cdev *dev, i
        if (priv->np_txpoll || want_tx) {
                for (i = priv->np_qfirst; i < priv->np_qlast; i++) {
                        kring = &na->tx_rings[i];
+                       /*
+                        * Skip the current ring if want_tx == 0
+                        * (we have already done a successful sync on
+                        * a previous ring) AND kring->cur == kring->hwcur
+                        * (there are no pending transmissions for this ring).
+                        */
                        if (!want_tx && kring->ring->cur == kring->nr_hwcur)
                                continue;
                        if (core_lock == NEED_CL) {
@@ -1181,6 +1423,7 @@ netmap_poll(__unused struct cdev *dev, i
                        if (na->nm_txsync(adapter, i, 0 /* no lock */))
                                revents |= POLLERR;
 
+                       /* Check avail/call selrecord only if called with 
POLLOUT */
                        if (want_tx) {
                                if (kring->ring->avail > 0) {
                                        /* stop at the first ring. We don't risk
@@ -1212,9 +1455,10 @@ netmap_poll(__unused struct cdev *dev, i
 
                        if (na->nm_rxsync(adapter, i, 0 /* no lock */))
                                revents |= POLLERR;
-                       if (no_timestamp == 0 ||
-                                       kring->ring->flags & NR_TIMESTAMP)
+                       if (netmap_no_timestamp == 0 ||

*** DIFF OUTPUT TRUNCATED AT 1000 LINES ***
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