Comment #19 on issue 1816 by Vinzent.Steinberg: Adding partial derivatives and taking derivatives with respect to functions
http://code.google.com/p/sympy/issues/detail?id=1816

In variational calculus, the first derivative of a functional is not that complicated. Acutally, it's definition is pretty much the same as for the directional derivative in finitedimensional real space. (Looking at the wikipedia article, it seems this is the Gateaux derivative). Suppose we have a functional J. Then the first variation of J in the function y in "direction" of the test function h is:

d/(d eps) J(y + eps*h) at eps=0

(If J is an integral with y as the integrand, this vanishes if y solves the Euler-Lagrange equations.)

How is this related to our case?

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