Hi,

I realise this is slightly OT for the list, but there'll be a lot of people
on this list with experience in cryptography, so here's as good a place as
any to ask this ;).
Does anyone know of a cipher that meets the following two requirements:
- You cannot determine the key from the encrypted & decrypted text (by key I
mean the 'session' key)
- You can decrypt in a 'nested' fashion - eg, if E(M,x) means encrypting M
with key x and D(M,x) means decrypt M with key x, then the algorithm should
satisfy D(E(E(M,a),b),a) == E(M,b)

What I'm thinking (and I'm sure I've come across this before) is that you
could exchange secret keys with someone sans public-key crypto by doing the
following (Where M is the private key/message to be exchanged):
Alice sends E(M, a) to Bob
Bob sends E(E(M, a), b) back to Alice
Alice decrypts the result: D(E(E(M, a), b), a) to get E(M, b) and sends this
to Bob
Bob decrypts E(M, b) to get M.

Anyone know of a cipher that could do that, or if it's possible at all?

Sorry for the OTness,

Nick Johnson


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