The recent bragging is an example of hyperactive public relations people at a national lab. For all the gory details of using 81Kr for groundwater dating stating ~1990, see www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/809813-0zMCV1/native/809813.pdf .

There are about a thousand atoms of 81Kr in a liter of groundwater, so detecting single atoms is not really necessary. It's long half-life, ~200,000 years, and its stable natural concentration in the atmosphere make it useful for dating old groundwater.

Man-made 85Kr has also been used for a similar purpose. It is useful for dating recent groundwater.
--Mixon
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