Frog in the well KUPA MANDUKAM DEVDUTT PATTANAIK
Interact, you evolve and expand your VISION, writes Devdutt Pattanaik.
KUPA MANDUKAM (कूपमण्डूक). is a Sanskrit phrase for the frog in the well
that imagines the well, its home, to be the whole world and, therefore,
becomes pompous. IT MAY BE ONE OR 4 OR 7 MANDUKAS, ADDRESSED IN TAMIL AS
MANDU, CONGREGATION IN SMALL NUMBERS, THINK THEY ARE THE EARTH, WHY EVEN
THE UNIVERSE. Such weird remarking hoarse shouters die upside down or
become food for the snakes, inviting the snakes.
It is a term of derision for the intellectually complacent, for
someone who thinks he knows everything there is to know. Our well has
time, space and words as its walls. The time we live from birth to death is
the only real history we experience; what we hear of what happened before
and of what can happen later are just stories, copied from the space
transmitted again and again correctly by some and wrongly by many, and yet
remain the Kupa mandukas. The only space we experience is the land we live
in, work in or travel to. What we hear of other lands is other people’s
imagination. Our of the world is restricted to the words we know. The more
words we know the bigger is our world, the bigger is our well. The
expansion of the frogs tends to gain strength to jump out to the world
where many homes do exist. Kruthagam is an act carried out by the KUPA
MANDUKAS. Thanks to the information explosion, we can see more places and
know more words, but time still fetters us. We remain frogs in the well,
even after crossing the time barrier in age, thinking that we the frogs
living in all the places, calling others, cranky, unaware the cracks
developed inside, had already cranked the mud pots, and KUPA MANDUKAMS
remain nonchalant to die out of vocal cord bust or the snakes. The kupa
manduka can jump out of the well but he will find himself in another well,
one where the wall is made of the horizon; he can never break free from the
horizon.
Both the wall of the well and the perimeter of the horizon are
shaped like a chakra or wheel. A Chakravarty is one who calls himself a
universal emperor but is actually a kupa manduka, as his rule is restricted
by his horizon. He does not control what lies beyond. But we can expand our
horizon and the size of our well. For this we have to keep evolving,
stretching our knowledge and expanding our viewpoints. We have to engage
with more people, discover their wells and figure out if theirs, will help
us make ours wider or narrower. Tales of Truth in India is
people-dependent. But in the West, truth is seen as
people-independent. Therefore,
European and American philosophers, especially those who claimed to be
scientific, were obsessed with objective truth that is somewhere ‘out there’.
In India, truth was seen as people-dependent that exists ‘in here’ within
people. Therefore, Indic philosophers, termed ‘metaphysicians’ in European
universities, accepted all truth as subjective. Subjective truth, unlike
objective truth, is constantly expanding and growing. Hence the word for
infinite truth is Brahman, from the root Brh, which means ‘to grow’. To do
namaskar to a human being is to remind the frog in the well that it can
expand the rim of its well in the quest for Brahman. The concept of
subjective truth, so essential in Indian philosophy, rattles most people
today. (THE INABILITY AND THE INTOLERANCE, CALLS OTHERS AS CRANKY UNAWARE
OF THEIR BRITTLENESS). We are obsessed with the objective truth, no thanks
to the scientific and industrial revolutions that have taken over the world
for the past 300 years. We all want the Truth, spelt in capitals. But for
the wise men of India, truth remained a function of two people. If we meet
people with narrow vision, our well always remains limited in content. People
were encouraged to keep meeting smarter and wiser men. Hence the value
given to guests, strangers, storytellers and wandering sages, we can never
leap out of our well, but every kupa manduka can expand the size of his
well. While infinity is a goal that is elusive, expansion is always a
possibility. Understanding this is the foundation of spiritual growth.
KR IRS 261022
And the short sighted notes I read from Mr G as"
II Q1 What are some mind-blowing facts about healthy eating?
A1 Be Healthy, Nutritionist & fitness expect Sat
*Sweet potato*
Sweet potatoes can be made better by keeping it at somewhere in the range
of 135 and 170F so that, compounds convert starch into sugar.
Fish…
*Orange juice*
The juice is healthier as it's a decent wellspring of L-ascorbic acid,
which is significant for sound gums, skin and your resistant framework, in
addition to folate, which helps make red platelets and can battle
sleepiness and weakness.
*Almonds-*
100g of almonds have 240mg of bone-building calcium, while semi-skimmed
(2%) milk has 120mg per 100g (3.5oz). All things considered, we will
generally savor milk greater amounts than we eat almonds (and the calcium
from milk is effortlessly consumed), so the dairy choice is a superior
source everyday.
Eggs…
*Coffee*
Coffee could assist with supporting weight the board and might be connected
to diminished muscle versus fat. One investigation likewise discovered
that *individuals
who consumed espresso were bound to be genuinely dynamic.*
*Carrot*
Carrots contain vitamin A, and a lack of vitamin A may bring about
xerophthalmia, an ever-evolving eye illness. *Xerophthalmia** can cause
night visual impairment or trouble seeing when levels of light are low.*
Q2 Why do loco pilots exchange rings at stations in Indian Railways?
What documents are passed on? It depends.
A slip with date & signature of the official in-charge of the station that
issues the documents
There are many ways of passing this information (or, passing the token),
electronic means is the latest.
I am not sure Indian Railways uses this PLC ring system anymore.
British era equipment in a typical station
Ticketing. There is minimal computerization even in major stations
* “Actually, the people who have already put the railways' future on stake
don't want the electric system to work because they know this system will
close the doors of their corruption,” one official said.*
I am convinced that a powerful lobby in the PR wants its complete
'dieselisation'. I tried to promote electric locomotives but it (the lobby)
went for diesel engines each time,” former minister Ishaq Khakwani told
Dawn.
Abandoned poles which once supported the overhead equipment - Lahore station
I have not written this to make fun of Pakistan Railways,
My note- In India PLC system, *earlier with a round ball, *and later with
paper is only in single track. With the round ball, there was special
equipment on those days in the railway station, inserting which, another
ball would come and then only the waiting train could start from the
station.
*It is a new information to me about the Pakisthan railway’s stagnation.*
Q3 Why are apartments in Bangalore so costly?
its depend on the area -
Q4 Which nuts should I eat every day?
A4 Laura Bailey, Get Fit. Get Healthy. Get Results! Fri
There are many different types of nuts, each with their own unique
nutritional profile.
Q5 How does the Eurostar get from London to Paris?
A5 Nicholas Stone, Regular Eurostar traveller since June 1996.Oct 11
*The Eurostar train uses various railway tracks to get from London to
Paris.*
Q6 What was the biggest waste of money in human history?
A6 Patryk Grzybowski, Personal Trainer Mon
Las vegas - Also known as the world’s gambling capital.
Whats the moral of this story? House always wins - DO NOT GAMBLE, YOU WILL
LOSE!
Q7 What is the best fruit to eat every day?
A7 Ashley Johnson, Professional Interior Horticulturist Sat
Q8 Would you suggest taking an AC coach in Indian trains in the
winter?
*4. AC coaches are always peaceful as their* windows are airtight so you
don’t have to hear that track sound when you are trying to sleep.
Q9 Why do trains in Britain run on a different track width than
trains in continental Europe and Asia (and Australia)?
A9 Gordo Wilson, Updated 13m
Q10 Which is the best combination in South Indian food?
A10 Harish Raghav Loves food Oct 18
Tamilnadu: Idly and vadacurry
*My note- I am a fan of vadacurry, but rarely I* get in a shop were hot
newly prepared dishes are sold by 10 AM.
Kerala:Puttu and kadalai.
Karnataka:Mangalore buns and kurma.
Andhra and Telengana: Dosa with Kara and their delicious coconut chutney.
*Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .*
*Compiled and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, former ITS, 79 years, on
26-10-2022*
*Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx*
III
Q1 My mind was blown to egg and fish eating under iyer 123.
Q2 Do rings exchanged even today IN THE STATIONS WHERE TRAINS RUN NONSTOP
OR STOPPED?
Present-day use
Until the late 20th century, the token system was standard on British
single-track lines and it still remains on a number of lines there as well
as elsewhere, such as the line between Girvan
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girvan_railway_station> and Stranraer
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stranraer_Harbour_railway_station> in south
west Scotland <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland>.
The token system was in use on the Hurstbridge railway line
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurstbridge_railway_line>, Melbourne,
Australia between Greensborough and Eltham (Miniature Electric Staff) and
Eltham and Hurstbridge (Train Staff and Ticket) until replaced by
electronic signalling in early 2013.
The token method of working is sometimes still used for temporary
situations such as through engineering works or where the signalling system
has yet to be provided.
The token system is still regularly used on the present-day State Railway
of Thailand <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Railway_of_Thailand> system.
Sri Lanka Railways <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Railways> uses
a tablet exchanging system on the up-country railway line.
Russian Railways <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Railways> uses
Electric Token Block on some lines, most notably the Yanisyarvi – Lodeynoe
Pole railway.
In Malaysia, signaling token signs are still used on the KTM East Coast
Line between Gemas and Tumpat.
In India it is nowhere seen but 2013 data is a query.
Q3 “Why are apartments in Bangalore so costly? its depend on the area”
For a Mumbaiwala Madras flats are cheaper; and for a Madrasi,
Bangalore flats are cheaper; costlier is the stone seen in front of the
eye. And askingha question and answering as "depends" made me laugh.
Q4 Nth time
Q5 London to Paris was once a channel crossing story; now also? That too
for iyer 123 over 70s ?
Q6 Waste of money is perceptions the people make, not the drawing lines.
A laptop is a waste of money for some. A 72” TV is a waste of money for
many. A car I thought was needed once but now without a car, my life is
more beautiful than when I was having one. Economics has funny definitions
on waste. Las Vegas is a Gambling Den; gambling is in the blood of
everyone; and the author also gambles everyday throwing 6 balls to pluck a
wicket. So, all things are lovely when in limits taken; it is a poison when
drank like a coke. I enjoy Las Vegas and spend 200$ whenever I cross that
side.
Q7 Nth time
Q8 Nth time
Q9 Forget Europe or any other places; don’t we have such in Indian
railway tracks or did no one asked in Quora any such question?
Q10 Another mind blowing. Vada curry and the taste of the author as Iyer
123! Wasted products and old stuff are the ingredients of that in many
roadside vending shops and my servant used to say a food drab that people
consume, which is not in any way healthy.
KR IRS 261022
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
On Wed, 26 Oct 2022 at 07:27, 'gopala krishnan' via iyer123 <
[email protected]> wrote:
> *CULTURAL QA 10-2022-26*
>
> *BEING A COMPILATION THERE MAY BE ERRORS*
>
> Q1 What are some mind-blowing facts about healthy eating?
>
> A1 Be Healthy, Nutritionist & fitness expect Sat
>
> *Sweet potato*
>
> Sweet potatoes can be made better by keeping it at somewhere in the range
> of 135 and 170F so that, compounds convert starch into sugar.
>
> Fish…
>
> *Orange juice*
>
> The juice is healthier as it's a decent wellspring of L-ascorbic acid,
> which is significant for sound gums, skin and your resistant framework, in
> addition to folate, which helps make red platelets and can battle
> sleepiness and weakness.
>
> *Almonds-*
>
> 100g of almonds have 240mg of bone-building calcium, while semi-skimmed
> (2%) milk has 120mg per 100g (3.5oz). All things considered, we will
> generally savor milk greater amounts than we eat almonds (and the calcium
> from milk is effortlessly consumed), so the dairy choice is a superior
> source everyday.
>
> Eggs…
>
> *Coffee*
>
> Coffee could assist with supporting weight the board and might be
> connected to diminished muscle versus fat. One investigation likewise
> discovered that *individuals who consumed espresso were bound to be
> genuinely dynamic.*
>
> *Carrot*
>
> Carrots contain vitamin A, and a lack of vitamin A may bring about
> xerophthalmia, an ever-evolving eye illness. *Xerophthalmia can cause
> night visual impairment or trouble seeing when levels of light are low.*
>
> Q2 Why do loco pilots exchange rings at stations in Indian
> Railways?
>
> A2 Siva Kumar Bachoti,Former Software Quality Assurance Manager22h
>
> Man waiting on the platform with the “PLC” ring. The train doesn’t stop,
> only slows down to let the driver pick it up.The “PLC” Ring is like a big
> badminton racket without the netting. There is a clip to the stem to hold
> papers.
>
> *The driver (usually, his assistant), puts his arm through the ring’s
> “eye” and picks it up*. He takes out the documents and throws down the
> ring.
>
> What documents are passed on? It depends.
>
> A slip with date & signature of the official in-charge of the station that
> issues the documents
>
> *Line clear ticket*
>
> Line Clear Ticket close up. The document has the details of the station
> issuing it
>
> PLC stands for Paper Line Clear - paper (i.e. physical) mode of passing
> the Line Clear information.
>
> “In railway signalling, a token is a physical object which a train driver
> is required to have or see before entering onto a particular section of
> single track. The token is clearly endorsed with the names of the section
> it belongs to. *A token system is more commonly used for single lines
> because of the greater risk of collision in the event of a mistake being
> made by a signaller or traincrew, than on double lines.“ (WiKi)*
>
> There are many ways of passing this information (or, passing the token),
> electronic means is the latest.
>
> I am not sure Indian Railways uses this PLC ring system anymore.
>
> The above pics are from Pakistan Railways (which is yet to modernized
> itself). There is no electric traction in that country. There is no large
> scale computerized ticketing, no modern electronic systems like for
> signaling.
>
> *Indian Railways is almost fully double-tracked and 85% is electric
> traction, while Pakistan’s railway is mostly single track*. They are yet
> to upgrade to the next higher token passing methods, manual “ring” method
> is very widely used on Pakistan railways.
>
> British era equipment in a typical station
>
> Ticketing. There is minimal computerization even in major stations
>
> *Electrification*
>
> The electric traction was introduced in 2009 for the 286 kilometers
> Lahore-Khanewal junction in order to moderize the system. After
> increasingly frequent overhead copper wire theft incidents at various
> points along the track and on account of lack of funds for replacement of
> locomotives, the service was suspended in 2010. It was eventually scrapped.
>
> * “Actually, the people who have already put the railways' future on stake
> don't want the electric system to work because they know this system will
> close the doors of their corruption,” one official said.*
>
> I am convinced that a powerful lobby in the PR wants its complete
> 'dieselisation'. I tried to promote electric locomotives but it (the lobby)
> went for diesel engines each time,” former minister Ishaq Khakwani told
> Dawn.
>
> Abandoned poles which once supported the overhead equipment - Lahore
> station
>
> I have not written this to make fun of Pakistan Railways, that is not my
> intention at all. Compared to truly advanced railways like that of
> France, Indian railways has a long way to go. Even China’s is far better
> than ours.
>
> My point is, trains being the mainstay in a developing country, I do not
> understand why Pakistan let its system lay stagnant if not actually
> degenerate. As a result, train travel there is very expensive for a
> common man.
>
> My note- In India PLC system, *earlier with a round ball, *and later with
> paper is only in single track. With the round ball, there was special
> equipment on those days in the railway station, inserting which, another
> ball would come and then only the waiting train could start from the
> station.
>
> I recollect the days on which the station man will keep the PLC ready in
> hand and it would be tactfully picked up by the assist driver and then
> throw his PLC kept ready and picked up by the station assistant . Some
> times the assistant driver throws his PLC first.
>
> *It is a new information to me about the Pakisthan railway’s stagnation.*
>
> Q3 Why are apartments in Bangalore so costly?
>
> A3 Krishnan P,Lives in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
> (1967–present)Sat
>
> its depend on the area - OLD Bangalore is costly Extended Bangalore is
> cheaper -
>
> *Try in Electronic City / RR Nagar / is will be cheaper than OLD
> Bangalore.*
>
> In a few years New Bangalore also will be expensive
>
> *People migrating from other states are more and they are ready to invest*
>
> *Now Bangalore is extended up to Hosur / Tumkur /* Ramnagar.SO it will go
> up and up and up
>
> Q4 Which nuts should I eat every day?
>
> A4 Laura Bailey, Get Fit. Get Healthy. Get Results! Fri
>
> There are many different types of nuts, each with their own unique
> nutritional profile.So which ones should you be eating every day?
>
> *There are a few nuts that stand out as being particularly good for your
> health.*
>
> Almonds, for example, are a good source of heart-healthy fats, while
> Brazil nuts are an excellent source of selenium, a mineral that helps boost
> your immune system.
>
> Walnuts are also a great choice, as they contain high levels of omega-3
> fatty acids, which are beneficial for your brain and heart health.
>
> So if you're looking to add some nuts to your daily diet, these are a few
> of the best choices.
>
> Q5 How does the Eurostar get from London to Paris?
>
> A5 Nicholas Stone, Regular Eurostar traveller since June 1996.Oct
> 11
>
> *The Eurostar train uses various railway tracks to get from London to
> Paris.*
>
> Since the service was launched in November 1994, the train has taken
> different routes. *In all cases throughout, the train always travels
> through the Channel Tunnel*. The tunnel and tracks are both owned and
> operated by GetLink, formerly known *as Groupe Eurotunnel.*
>
> Between 1994 and 2003, the Eurostar used classic tracks via Kent between
> London Waterloo and the UK portal of the Channel Tunnel. In readiness for
> service, the classic track was upgraded. Additional capacity was added at
> Chislehurst Junction, track layout was simplified at Sevenaoks to improve
> line speed, western approach tracks to Tonbridge were lenghtened and a
> passing loop added at Lenham. Between Ashford and the UK Channel Tunnel
> portal, bidirectional signalling was installed to provide operational
> flexibility.
>
> *At peak hours, priority was given to existing Kent commuter services. At
> these times, Eurostar trains* were diverted via Bat & Ball or Maidstone
> East - adding 10 or 20 minutes to journeys to Paris.
>
> *Between 2003 and 2007, Eurostar trains operated* from London Waterloo
> via Farningham Road to the partially opened High Speed Line 1. In
> readiness, Shortlands Junction was upgraded to seperate conflicting
> movements.
>
> *After November 2007, all Eurostar trains have operated from London St
> Pancras via the High* Speed line 1 to through eastern London, Essex and
> Kent to the Channel Tunnel. The train’s shoes - allowing current collection
> from the live third rail - were removed. This is because the entire route
> is now on routes with overhead equipment.
>
> Because of the UK government’s version of Brexit, Eurostar trains no
> longer stop at Ebbsfleet, Ashford or Disneyland Paris. The additional
> checks required for passengers reduces throughput and requires more
> officials. Eurostar is a commercial organisation and now focues on high
> yield routes and ticketing.
>
> A Eurostar train bound for London Waterloo travelling around the tight
> curve away from Tonbridge, with a 50 mph (80 km/h) line speed restriction.
> Prior to September 2003, all Eurostar trains took this route. Credit and
> source: Flickr
>
> Q6 What was the biggest waste of money in human history?
>
> A6 Patryk Grzybowski, Personal Trainer Mon
>
> Las vegas - Also known as the world’s gambling capital.
>
> A minority of people in the casino are the epitome of depression and
> desperation, they are not there to have fun, they are not there to enjoy
> their friday night with friends playing 10$ blackjack hands.
>
> *They are there to gamble away their life savings, house, car, and loans
> they just took to chase the delusion of the life-changing jackpot which,
> for most, never comes.*
>
> Archie Karas was similar, although playing much higher stakes than your
> average addict
>
> In 1992 he ventured to Las Vegas, with nothing but $50 and a dream. After
> borrowing $10,000, he turned the borrowed amount into 40-MILLION-DOLLARS.
>
> *He then lost it all, he did not invest, he did not give money to his
> family. He gave it all back to the casino.*
>
> Whats the moral of this story? House always wins - DO NOT GAMBLE, YOU
> WILL LOSE!
>
> Q7 What is the best fruit to eat every day?
>
> A7 Ashley Johnson, Professional Interior Horticulturist Sat
>
> There are many benefits to eating fruit every day, and there are many
> different types of fruit to choose from.
>
> *However, some fruits are better than others when it comes to providing
> essential nutrients and vitamins.*
>
> For example, oranges are a great source of Vitamin C, while bananas are a
> good source of potassium. berries are also packed with antioxidants.
>
> So, if you're looking for the best fruit to eat every day, make sure to
> include oranges, bananas, and berries in your diet.
>
> Q8 Would you suggest taking an AC coach in Indian trains in the
> winter?
>
> A8 Prashant Tiwari, Indian Railways Enthusiast2y
>
> Usually we travel in air-conditioned coaches in hot season as they are
> cool from inside *but AC coaches are also useful in winters.*
>
> *1 .Biggest advantage is you don’t have to carry* heavy blankets with you
> if you are travelling in ac coaches. Blanket and two sheets are provided in
> the coach for every valid passenger but in non ac coaches, you have to
> carry heavy blankets with you to save yourself from the cold weather.
>
> *2. Temperature inside the compartment is set between 18–24 degrees( as
> per the class) which is* far higher than the temperature outside the
> train i.e., 4–8 degrees.
>
> *3. Safety & security is always a concern in non-ac coaches of Indian
> trains but travelling in ac* coaches gives you some sort of assurity that
> your luggage and you are safe. ( Note: It’s not like your luggage is 100%
> safe in ac coaches.)
>
> *4. AC coaches are always peaceful as their* windows are airtight so you
> don’t have to hear that track sound when you are trying to sleep.
>
> Q9 Why do trains in Britain run on a different track width than
> trains in continental Europe and Asia (and Australia)?
>
> A9 Gordo Wilson, Updated 13m
>
> The UK created the railways. They chose 4 foot, 8.5 inch as the “gauge”
> (the distance between the two tracks). *This is known as “STANDARD GAUGE*.”
> In daily use in The UK, USA, Canada, Europe (not Russia, Spain or
> Portugal), and Australia (except for state owned variants).
>
> Q10 Which is the best combination in South Indian food?
>
> A10 Harish Raghav Loves food Oct 18
>
> Tamilnadu: Idly and vadacurry
>
> *My note- I am a fan of vadacurry, but rarely I* get in a shop were hot
> newly prepared dishes are sold by 10 AM.
>
> Kerala:Puttu and kadalai.
>
> Karnataka:Mangalore buns and kurma.
>
> Andhra and Telengana: Dosa with Kara and their delicious coconut chutney.
>
> *All the above QA are from Quora website on 25-10-2022*
>
> *Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers .*
>
> *Compiled **and posted by R. Gopala Krishnan, former ITS, 79 years, on
> 26-10-2022*
>
>
>
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