CULTURAL QA 03-2023-20 Q1 Why are water tanks round?
A1 Naveed Iqbal, M.S. in ManagementEngineering, Politecnico Di Milano (Polimi) (Graduated 2018)Updated 6y Circular shape has the most uniform stress distribution.The stress generated by fluid in the tank distributes equally in alldirections. In caseof rectangular or square shapes, the stress concentration would be too high incorners.This is the prime reason that most of the large storagetanks are made in round shape. Fact: water wells have also been made in round shape sincethe start of history for the very same reason :-) I hope thatanswers your questions quite clearly. My note- I have seen many wells in Chennai forwatering fields are square shape. In Rajasthan also I have seen most wells insquare shapes in pictures. In homes depend onconvenience overhead tanks are sometimes hexagonal. Q2 How come NYC doesn't have moreskyscrapers? A2 Steven Haddock,Studied at YorkUniversity (Canada)Mon New YorkCity has a weird geology. It explains both why it was suchan important settlement for Europeans and why the biggest skyscrapers aregenerally found in clusters mid-town and downtown. Most of the geology of the U.S. eastern seaboard isalluvial soil left behind by millions of years of rivers flowing into the oceanfrom the nearby mountains and thousands of years of glaciers scraping the landand then retreating. New York being at the mouth of ariver and having been covered by glaciers in the past generally has loose soilslike glacial till or even sand. Like many low-lying cities at seal level, this means the soil is verysoft - not the best place to build an incredibly heavy skyscraper. But there areexceptions. ThroughoutManhattan and the greater New York area there are outcrops of very hard rock calledSchist. Walk through Central Park and you can see bits of it peeking out fromthe ground. Schist is very stable rock - it hasn’t moved in as longas geologists can tell - no fault lines and no shifting. It’s the perfect place to build askyscraper. Although thisschist is found in a lot of places, it’s closer to the surface in mid-town anddowntown, so you only have to dig down a dozen meters or so to hit solid rock.Other places, it’s much deeper. For example, they tried to put the Manhattanpier of the Brooklyn Bridge on Schist (the Brooklyn Pier does sit on Schist)but after months of digging the foundation on the Manhattan side and stillfinding no rock (it’s several hundred feet under the current foundation) theyjust let it sit in the sand. Luckily, it seems to be stable. But lots of New York City has really poor soils. Forexample, the Coney Island neighbourhood is essentially a barrier islandmade entirely of accumulated sand. Frankly, so is most of Long Island. Sure,you can build fairly tall buildings on it, but it’s cheaper to build them onthe solid rock of Manhattan. Q3 What are the benefits of being poor? A3 Srinath Nalluri.Most Viewed Writer inBehavioral, Social & Human Psychology Mar 10 A dhobi who doesironing in an apartment suddenly bought a house. ‘Lottery?’ oneresident asked.‘No.’ ‘Robbery?’‘Never.’ ‘Forgery?’‘Notat all.’ ‘Then how?’‘I have been saving for this for the last tenyears.’ ‘But your earningsare low, no? ’‘But my spendings are also low, you know.’ ‘Again, how?’He andhis whole family travel by bus. They don’t feel small. There is no compulsionto buy a car or bike. So no EMI, fuel or parking expenses. He can get away bywearing the same clothes every day. Hisfamily stays in a small house inside the residential complex. He has no spaceto put a fridge, big wardrobe, or variety of utensils. His son asks for abicycle to go to school. He gets him a used one from a resident. His son nevercomplains as he is not insutled for not being able to afford new one. No one expects him to give gifts or wear expensive clothesat weddings. No one expectshim to serve 25-item meal or give 250 bucks wedding card for his daughter’swedding. One advantage thepoor have is their lifestyle is known to everyone. They are not under any spotlight. So they don’t haveany pressure or compulsion to do things beyond their level. Part of theirexpenses go to fulfil their needs and the rest goes to their savings.Furthermore, their small house in a small area brings down the desire for manyclothes and more items. For the middle class, however, They are under constantpressure to look rich as they fear they might be assumed poor by others. This beautiful line from Njan Prakashan shows thedifference in lifestyle between the poor and middle class. Q4 How is it that ancient civilizationssuch as Rome couldn't build buildings higher than two stories, but we can noweasily go higher than ten stories high with no problem? A4 Claire Jordan,Degree in biology andfolklore; programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper Wed The Romans did actually build multi-storey tenements, butthey tended to collapse. The Romans were great atmasonry, but crap at carpentry. Meanwhile, Edinburgh in the 15th/16thC had stone tenements of up to 16storeys (there are some of 11 and 12-storeys still standing), and Mediaeval Bologna in Italy had anabsolute mania for tall slim towers. Q5 What is an interesting fact ofhistory that most people don't know? A5 Alexander Brown, Freelance Writer(2018–present)Updated 6mo In 1922, Scientists Entered A Ward Of Dying Children, All In ComatoseDiabetic Ketoacidosis, And Injected A New Drug (Insulin) Into Them As FamiliesWere Already Beginning To Grieve Before they hadinjected the last person on the ward, the first woke up. One by one, all of thechildren awoke from their diabetic comas. A room of death and gloom, became a place of joy and hope. Q6 What are the important considerationswhile renting a laptop? A6 Sayan Dey, Sr. Editor at CMR &PCQuestFeb 22 The reputation and size of vendor you're purchasing itfrom is extremely important, because only a large vendorwill be able to provide you what you need. Can the vendor provide you with thelatest generation components in the laptops? It won't make any sense if thevendor provides you the latest configuration, but all the components inside areof very old generation. Soopt for a vendor who can give you the latest generation components in thelaptops. What are the termsof the service agreement and how transparent are they? Please keep a close eye on those.What's the policy on giving you service and support after you've rented thelaptops? While renting laptops, you are putting your trust and laying yourtechnical dependency on the rental company. that's why all these factors matter.If you have security concerns, then go with laptops without a pre-installed OS.Renting a brand new laptop instead of a used one will ensure better performanceand battery backup. Finding an optimalsolution fulfilling all the above criteria is really hard to come by. Very fewoptions are there. Forinstance check out the Lease with ease from HP. They are one of a kind rentalservice provider who offers brand new laptops for rental instead of used oldgen laptops. The company also has lots of service centers in eachcity to ensure owner-like customer support even on rental.If you want to knowmore about laptop rentals, visit Lease With Ease Website. Q7 Why will there be only AC coaches inhigh speed trains? A7 Abhijit Sen, Chegg Tutor , Travel 🚉 and Computer Professional1y Requirements of ACcoaches in high speed trains running above 130 km/h: Wind and Weather factors. Onemost important factor is wind 1You can't resistso much high wind blowing at your face, when the train is running at such aspeed. Just for an experiment, stand at the doorstep of Rajdhani Exp for a few minutes, when the trainis picking up acceleration. You can't stand after some, due to wind blowing,when the train is running at high speed. 2. Clean fresh airsupply. 3. Heating andcooling inside coaches, for changing weather conditions. 4. A/CBuffet/Pantry Car is better for high speed trains. 5. When train isrunning at high-speed the air surrounding rubs against coach surface. In non accoaches open windows cause turbulance and the coach becomes unstable. Ac coaches are closed hence airresistance is reduced and high speed is feasible. 6. Enormous amountsof dusts would enter into the non-AC coaches, and ,there by, causing serioushealth hazards to the passengers. 7. Supplying cleanfresh air at a controlled uniform temperature. 8. Providing forheating as well as cooling on a train that travels through areas of widelydiffering climate during its journey. 9. In non-AC coaches windows and doors are open whichcreate air resistance during motion of train. In AC coaches windows are sealed and doors are usually closed as theyare reserved and due to less crowd. So, due to sealed windows and closed doorsin AC coaches no air resistance is created during motion of train. It helps the trainto move in high speed. So, there will be only AC coaches in high speed trains. Q8 How do tigers find their cubs in thewild? A8 Snock Lock, I just love animals. Mar13 If the cubs become separated from their mother, they willoften call out to her in distress until she comes tofind them. Tigers have a keen sense of hearing and can locate the calls oftheir cubs even from a distance. Additionally, tigers have a well-developed sense of smell and can usetheir sense of smell to locate their cubs if they become lost orseparated. Q9 Why do American trains have"noses" at the front of the locomotives but European, for example,don't? A9 Robert Clouse,Disable Veteran atCincinnati, Ohio, USA (2000–present)Jan 22 I think you mean the cowcatcher. Cowcatcher -Wikipedia A cowcatcher , alsoknown as a pilot , is the device mounted at the front of a locomotive to deflect obstacles on thetrack that might otherwise damage or derail it or the train. Leadingtruck and cowcatcher on the John Bull In the UK small metal bars calledlife-guards , rail guards or guard irons are provided immediately in front ofthe wheels. They knockaway smaller obstacles lying directly on the running surface of the railhead. Historically,fenced-off railway systems in Europe relied exclusively on those devices andcowcatchers were not required, but in modern systems cowcatchers have generallysuperseded them. Instead of acowcatcher, trams use adevice called a fender . Objects lying on the tram track come in contact with asensor bracket, which triggers the lowering of a basket-shaped device to theground, preventing the overrunning of the obstacles and draggingthem along the road surface in front of the wheels. In snowy areas the cowcatcher also has thefunction of a snowplough . Invention Edit Thecowcatcher was invented by Charles Babbage in the 19th century, during hisperiod of working for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway . [1] However,Babbage's invention was not constructed, and it is uncertain whether latermanufacturers were aware of Babbage's idea. On a mainline locomotive, thecowcatcher has to successfully deflect an obstacle hit at speed. The design principle is to pushthe object upwards and sideways out of the way and not to lift the locomotiveon impact. The typical shape is a blunt wedge with a shallow V-shapein plan. In the later days of steam locomotives , the front coupler wasdesigned to swing out of the way also, so it could not get caught up; this wascalled a 'drop coupler pilot'. Early on, cowcatchers were normally fabricatedof bars mounted on a frame; later on, sheet metal cowcatchers were often usedfor their additional smoothness, and some cast steel cowcatchers were employedfor their mass and smooth shape. Early diesel locomotives followed the sameplan. Cowcatchers on early shunting locomotives in the US often had steps(called "footboard pilots") to allow yard workers to ride with thelocomotive. In some countries, footboard pilots are outlawed for safetyreasons, and have been removed. Modern locomotives often have front and rearplatforms with safety rails, or deeply recessed steps, where workers can ride.Modern cowcatchers Edit Most modern European rail vehicles must havecowcatchers with a snowplough function and rail guards. The required strength ofthe system is 30 kN (3,059 kp) in the middle of the track and 50 kN (5,099 kp)near the rails. [2] ModernUS diesel locomotives have flatter, less wedge-shaped cowcatchers, because adiesel locomotive has the cab near the front, and the crew are vulnerable toimpact from obstacles pushed up by the cowcatcher. Anti-climbersEdit An anti-climber on the front of an Australian NR class diesel locomotiveTo protect the crew and passengers, most modern https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cowcatcher American trains going across the plain had to deal withhitting large animals like cattle and buffalo, so they used this to protect thetrain. Most modernEuropean trains do have a cowcatcher today. “Most modern European rail vehiclesmust have cowcatchers with a snowplough function and rail guards. The requiredstrength of the system is 30 kN (3,059 kp) in the middle of the track and 50 kN(5,099 kp) near the rails.” The mainreason for the cowcatcher was to prevent anything large hit from going underthe train and pushing it up off the rails. Q10 What is the difference between bacteriaand viruses? A10 Claire Jordan, Degree in biology andfolklore; programmer, shop owner, secretary on newspaper15h Bacteriaare living cells - whole tiny organisms which eat and reproduce and havemetabolisms. Viruses arestray wisps of RNA or DNA in a protective shell. They have no separate life:they live and reproduce only by being swept up into a host organism,when the shell pierces the skin of a cell and injects the DNA or RNA into the infectedcell, where it uses the host cell’s mechanisms to make copies of itself. Q11 What are some examples of countrieswhich went rapidly from rich to poor? A11 Wirawan Winarto, Indonesian.Ex-engineer at Microsoft, Samsung, & Intel Updated 7y Thanks for the A2A.The one I can think of is Myanmar. Back in the 1960s, Myanmar income per capita was one of thegreatest in South East Asia. It was US$ 250 at that time,twice of Thailand and around four times of Indonesia. Only slightly belowMalaysia. Myanmar was one of the richest and a very influentialnation. It is one of the founders of the Asia-Africa Union along with Indonesiaand India. But then it closed down its economy, led bymilitary junta, and the rest is history. Fifty years later, it is the poorest nation in SouthEast Asia, with the GDP per capita around US$ 1,000.Only a quarter of Indonesia and even lower than Laos and Cambodia. Other examples, I think would be Nauru and Afghanistan. All the above QA are from Quora website on 23-03- 2023. Quora answers need not be 100% correct answers . Compiled and posted by R. Gopala krishnan, former ITS, on 24-03-2023 -- You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Thatha_Patty" group. To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to [email protected]. To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/thatha_patty/376757035.28373.1679622481441%40mail.yahoo.com.
