The half cocked brain senile Narayana easily jumps into the aviveki net by
writing what he does not know, why he is doing so. That is the research
book extracted which proved beyond doubt that universally acclaimed veda is
Rig Vedam. If it is not there , you shall write against that evidences
provided there and then say Here live a genius; but he is senile; piggish
in writing; does not know anything at all; and was cheating his own people
so long; and idiots might enamer him; the entire earth including eskimos
might have some words of sanskrit . 22 words of the intuit (eskimos) are
words used in English for winter ice etc; and so ESKIMO WORD IS PRONOUNCED
AS A BAD WORD AS nIGGER OR WEST-INDIES; THE SUPTE COURT OF cANADA HAD
PASSED DICTUM, CONSTITUTIONALLY LABELING THEM AS INITUIT @ iNDIAN; iNDIES
INDIAN ETC MAY APPEAR AS A MISNOMER, NUT ABORIGINALS OR NATIVE LAND OWNERS
ARE ONLY KNOWN AS indians.Even though appears to be a misnomer, yet ancient
people are known as indies or indians by sea, vby river, by weather, by
memory. by learning which the world had accepted. So it doesn't matter
what some foolish thinker said or did. K Rajaram IRS 9724 (INTUIT IS
INTUITIVE SYSTEM LEADING TOIiNDIANS WHO WERE INTUITIVE. ) (KAPILA HAD GONE
TO THE NETHER UNDERGROUND RIG VEDAM THOUGHT SUN TRAVELLING IN THAT REGION
IN MIGHT; CALIFORNIA HAS MANY EVIDENCES INCLUDING KAPLAN, KAPOLA ETC EVEN
TODAY}R,S,Y and A are the only order of the vedams as accepted by the
learned and so narayana is out of field as an aviveki; if he has history
evident let him throw his dice, without gutter-jargons.
{{{When Columbus arrived in the New World 517 years ago, this pivotal
moment of cultural contact was fraught with misunderstanding. Upon finding
the native Lucayans on the small Caribbean island where he made landfall,
Columbus dubbed them *Indians*, under the mistaken impression that he had
navigated all the way to the eastern shores of Asia. Explorers and
cartographers quickly figured out that Columbus was utterly mistaken, and
yet even now his monumental error lives on in the word *Indian* to refer to
indigenous peoples throughout the Americas.
Columbus thought he had made it to *India*, which at the time was a very
broad term in the European imagination, encompassing all of southern and
eastern Asia. This vague mental geography in part had to do with the way
goods were shipped from the East. The riches of China, Japan, and the
islands of southeast Asia were brought first to ports on the southern shore
of the Indian subcontinent before being shipped onwards, so Europeans
tended to see all of these Asian goods as coming from *India *(a name that
derives from the Indus River
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=Indus%20River>). Since the time of
Ptolemy, this expansive notion of* India* was broken down into different
divisions, such as "Greater India," "Middle India," and "Lesser India."
Thus Europeans would often pluralize *India* as *the Indies*.
When Columbus set sail, he carried a passport from his patrons, Ferdinand
and Isabella of Spain, stating (in Latin) that he represented them on his
voyage *ab partes Indie*, "toward the regions of India." Columbus thought
the distance from the Canary Islands to Japan was about 4,440 km (2,760
miles), when in fact it's about 19,000 km (12,000 miles). On his return to
Europe, he was still convinced he had found "India." He wrote a letter to
the Spanish royal court stating "in 33 days I passed from the Canary
Islands to the Indies" (*en 33 días pasé de las islas de Canaria a las
Indias*). Of the first island that he reached, Columbus wrote, "to the
first which I found I gave the name San Salvador ... the Indians call it
Guanahaní" (*a la primera que yo hallé puse nombre San Salvador ... los
Indios la llaman Guanahaní*). There's an apocryphal story that Columbus
called the natives *los Indios* as a short form of *una gente in Dios* "a
people in God," but The Straight Dope
<http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/1966/does-indian-derive-from-columbuss-description-of-native-americans-as-una-gente-in-dios>
nicely
debunks the myth; he really did think he had met "Indians."
By the time the explorer Amerigo Vespucci wrote of his travels to South
America in 1502-4, it had become pretty clear that Columbus had missed
"India" by a long shot. The cartographer Martin Waldseemüller published a world
map <http://www.loc.gov/rr/geogmap/waldexh.html> in 1507, a year after
Columbus died, showing a new continent based on Vespucci's journals.
Waldseemüller called it *America*, from the Latinized form of Vespucci's
first name. Yet even after Columbus's "India" misconception was dispelled,
Europeans continued to call the natives of the New World *Indians*. *The
Indies* lingered too, though in a narrower sense: the Caribbean islands
were known as the *West Indies
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=West%20Indies>*, in contrast to the *East
Indies <http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=East%20Indies>* (which came to
refer to the Malay archipelago).
In American usage, there wasn't much of a challenge to the term *(American)
Indian <http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=American%20Indian>* for
indigenous peoples until the '60s and '70s, when *Native American
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=Native%20American>* became preferred
by many. Though *Native American* corrects the historical error of
Columbus, it has its own problems, which I won't delve into here. You can
find serious discussions of the nomenclatural controversy online at All
Things Cherokee
<http://www.allthingscherokee.com/articles_culture_events_070101.html>,
Infoplease <http://www.infoplease.com/spot/aihmterms.html>, Nativeweb
<http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/legal/shoshone/indian.html>, and Wikipedia
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_American_name_controversy>. Suffice it
to say, both *(American) Indian* and *Native American* will continue to
coexist in common usage, as they are now usually seen as interchangeable
synonyms.
It's hard to think of another misnomer that had such a huge historical
impact. Granted, some of our medical and scientific terms enshrine errors
from earlier centuries. One example I discussed here
<https://www.visualthesaurus.com/cm/wordroutes/1835/> was *influenza
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=influenza>*, originally named because
it was believed that the illness was caused by "influence" from the stars.
My brother Carl Zimmer recently wrote of another such misnomer in his monthly
column on the brain
<http://discovermagazine.com/2009/sep/19-dark-matter-of-the-human-brain/>
in *Discover* magazine: non-neuronal cells in the brain are called *glia
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=glia>*, Latin for "glue," because
they were thought of as merely a kind of putty supporting the neurons.
"Today we know the name could not be more wrong," Carl writes, since glia
are involved in all stages of learning, memory, and other kinds of thought.
Can you think of any other great misnomers of history? There are many
stories about words supposedly arising out of miscommunications between
European explorers and native peoples: thus, for instance, *kangaroo
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=kangaroo>* and *Yucatan
<http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=Yucatan>* both supposedly mean "I
don't know." Most of these are just folk etymologies, however (The Straight
Dope
<http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/491/whats-the-origin-of-kangaroo-court>
comes
to the rescue again). One such etymology that actually seems legitimate is
the one for *indri <http://www.visualthesaurus.com/?word=indri>*, the lemur
of Madagascar. French naturalist Pierre Sonnerat heard a native point out
the animal, saying the Malagasy word *iry* ("there it is"), and he took
that as its name. Or so the story goes.}}} K R IRS 9724
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