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https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/THRIFT-735?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=12846065#action_12846065
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Bryan Duxbury commented on THRIFT-735:
--------------------------------------

I think that's a bit of an extreme example, but yes. The U1 doesn't meet the 
definition of a set union, which causes U2 not to, etc. The alternative would 
be to read in the whole stack of unions with the bottom one unset, which could 
then neither be used nor serialized again. You could argue that just the names 
of the fields that were supposed to be set above U1 would be valuable, if for 
nothing else than debugging.

Also note that in your example it wouldn't be a problem for S, since the field 
isn't required. 

> Required field checking is broken when the field type is a Union struct
> -----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>                 Key: THRIFT-735
>                 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/THRIFT-735
>             Project: Thrift
>          Issue Type: Bug
>          Components: Compiler (Java), Library (Java)
>    Affects Versions: 0.2
>            Reporter: Bryan Duxbury
>            Assignee: Bryan Duxbury
>             Fix For: 0.3
>
>         Attachments: thrift-735.patch
>
>
> The validate() method on generated structs verifies that required fields are 
> set after validation. However, if the type of the field is a Union struct, 
> then just checking that the field isn't null is not a valid check. The value 
> may be a non-null union, but have an unset field. (We encountered this when 
> deserializing a type that had a union for a field, and the union's set value 
> was an enum value that had been removed from the definition, making it a 
> skip.)
> In order to perform the correct validation, if the value is a Union, then we 
> must also check that the set field and value are non-null.

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