Hi Sylvain,
On 08/02/2012 09:56 PM, Sylvain Munaut wrote:
Hi,
I've heard and read some documents about using cross-correlation using
two distinct reference oscillators when trying to measure the phase
noise from a source to reduce the influence of the reference
oscillators phase noise.
Unfortunately, it's still not exactly clear to me how it works ...
does anyone have a concrete example maybe with data and the exact math
that was done on them to get the result ?
It's a combination of two techniques really, one is having two parallel
input channels, being independent in oscillators etc. except for the
input signal. These channels are typically exact replicas in design.
Out of these channels comes
CH1: N_DUT + N_CH1
CH2: N_DUT + N_CH2
Cross-correlation is then the mathematical tool to extract the signal
that correlate between those channels, that of the DUT, and suppressing
the noise of CH1 and CH2 which does not correlate, as they are
independent noise sources.
The mathematical cross-correlation can be calculated by convolving
CH1(t)*CH2(x-t)* where t sweeps over time (samples). This can be done
more efficiently using FFT by FFT CH1 and CH2, then multiply CH1
frequency components with the conjugate of the CH2 frequency components,
and then do IFFT on the result. If you need the FFT of the cross
correlation, skip the IFFT step.
The "propper" formulas isn't very ASCII friendly, but cross-correlation
is found in DSP books and Wikipedia.
Doing cross-correlation with FFTW is trivial and efficient.
To achieve the cross-correlation gain, average over many
cross-correlation spectrums. A single sweep gives you 3 dB gain.
Cheers,
Magnus
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