Bob,
On 10/25/2014 02:02 PM, Bob Camp wrote:
On Oct 24, 2014, at 6:25 PM, Magnus Danielson <mag...@rubidium.dyndns.org>
wrote:
Tom,
On 10/24/2014 11:31 PM, Tom Van Baak wrote:
ADEV most certainly does change with time, even for short tau's.
Can you elaborate?
Such as when, why, what kind of change, how much change,
at how short of tau's, over how long of time,
and using what type Oscillators?
Do you know what in the freq or Phase plot is causing the ADEV to change?
I'm happy to let Bob answer his own claim here. I'm curious as well. Unless
he's talking about thermal noise, in which case I now believe him 100%.
OTOH, for time intervals of minutes to hours or days, the plotted ADEV can often vary.
When in doubt, enable error bars in your ADEV calculations or use DAVAR in Stable32, or
use "Trace History" of TmeLab to expose how little or much the computed ADEV
depends on tau and N.
In general, never do an ADEV calculation without visually checking the phase or
frequency time series first.
You should make sure that you remove all forms of systematic effects before
turning the residue random noise over to ADEV.
If you have random noise being modulated in amplitude, you need to measure long
enough for the averaging end not to have a great impact on the result.
Is days long enough for a 1 second tau? If you define 1,000 x tau as “long
enough” you are being way more
conservative than just about anybody out there. My claim is that rather than
telling everybody to run for 10,000 or
100,000 x tau, simply accept that ADEV does / may change.
I did not say that you need to do 1000xtau, that was what someone else
said. If you paid attention I said that the number of samples N and the
tau0-multiple m for a particular dominant noise (of that tau) creates a
certain degree of freedom for a particular ADEV estimator algorithm.
Discussing the length of the measure without discussing which estimator
algorithm you're using and what confidence interval you aim to reach is
just taking a single value and run with it without thinking about it.
For ITU-T telecom standards, the measurement length is 12 times the
maximum tau, using the overlapping estimator (see O.172, §10.5.1 for
limit and G.810 §II.3 for TDEV algorithm). That was chosen to ensure
comparability between different implementations for the same type of
measure. See O.172 for other relevant details on limits for
implementation, tau0 has an upper limit, so does bandwidth. Naturally,
these limits is for this specific purpose, algorithms etc. which may not
fit the needs of other needs or choices.
It's only when you do old style non-overlapping that you need to go
towards 1000*tau for some reasonable results.
Removing this or that *before* you do ADEV can get you on a very slippery slope
indeed. Removing drift (either time
or frequency) - fine. Removing this or that couple of minutes of data because it makes the
result look better, that’s
likely to get you in trouble. Your customer (or system, or test setup) isn’t
likely to accept a “ADEV is ok most of
the time” specification.
Agreed. But I've never advocated cutting away samples like that, but
rather cancel out the systematics which is not part of the random noise.
Is ADEV a good way to measure temperature stability - no of course not. We do
indeed have rooms that vary in
temperature. They do impact ADEV on a Rb. Removing the delta temperature
related data from your ADEV input is not at
all easy (1,000 to 10,000 second data …) and I believe it would mis-represent
the part. Running in the real world,
it’s going to have that ADEV hump.
ADEV hump for such systematic is maybe an indication, but not the best
way of represent that. It's also not part of the ADEV intended purpose,
namely to estimate the random noise effects.
Yes indeed you can find FCS papers with all sorts of interesting “adjustments”
or no processing at all. The consensus
seems to be that if you go past drift correction, you really should have a
footnote.
When you do not make a drift compensation, and that line shows up, you
better explain that too.
In the end, ADEV is overused to represent things for which it is not a
good tool. You will need other tools in the tool-box to build a good
estimation of how that oscillator will behave at some tau.
Cheers,
Magnus
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