Rick,

In past years I spent significant time researching this question.  I also 
found that most materials manufacturers do not understand CTI.  Even though 
the concept has been known for more than 50 years.

As far as standards go I put this table together simply to help correlate 
the International, European and UL standards:

VOLTAGE   UL 746    IEC 112   VDE 303   

600 or greater 0    I    I
400 - 599      1    II   II
250 - 399      2    IIIa IIIa
175 - 249      3    IIIa IIIa
100 - 174      4    IIIb III b
0 - 99         5    n/a  n/a

(If the columns do not line up, use tabs to delimit)

If you have the UL yellow Recognized Component directory, you should be able 
to find the UL CTI info at the beginning of the plastics section.  It is on 
page 1893 in my 1994 version.

The 205 figure that you mention does not look like a CTI number, rather a 
thermal performance number.   FR-4 "typically" is greater than 180C in 
thermal performance and the flame rating is UL 94V-0.

CTI is a function of the organic content of the material,  material that is 
able to be carbonized.  For example anorganic materials such as glass and 
ceramics always have the highest possible CTI ratings and essentially do not 
track.  If you will note, when using FR-4 for PCB's most standards including 
IEC950 and EN 60950 make a special case and provide a separate spacing 
table.  The creepage numbers generally correlate directly to equivalent CTI 
of 600V.

If you are using the FR-4 for something other than PCB's you will need to 
get exact information from the laminate manufacturer.  Try to get past the 
sales people and you may still need to educate technical types as to what 
CTI is before you can get meaningful information.  Chances are most all FR-4 
laminates are CTI 600V, depending on glass content..

Doug Powell
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc.
Fort Collins, Colorado USA

 ----------
From: Rick Busche
To: [email protected]
Subject: Comparative Tracking Index
List-Post: [email protected]
Date: Thursday, February 19, 1998 8:26PM



     IEC 950 defines CTI (comparative tracking index) in terms of
material groups for the determination of creapage distance. Specifically
groups I, II, IIIa and IIIb. are mentioned. In paragraph 2.9.3 (note 3)
the actual index (CTI) is referred to as <600 or <400. My questions are
as follows:

     1. Is this CTI (as assigned by UL in the yellow book) actually a
voltage level?
     2. The FR4 laminate we use has been rated at 205. As such the
maximum creapage distance is mandated. Is it common to find better
material? Is this 205 level typical of common FR4 materials?

     Thanks

     Rick Busche
     Evans & Sutherland
     [email protected]


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