I'm posting to this one of Bill's,
below, because it contains a great example, but my reply is
motivated by all the recent fury about translations and agendas
and interpretation. It will likely elicit the usual reactions.
All translators must make choices all the time.
That's not an opinion but a fact. There are
significant ambiguities and polysemies (look it up) inherent in the
vocab and syntax of the original that CANNOT BE reproduced in the target
language without big footnotes everywhere. That means the translator HAS to
make a choice. If you do not know at least two languages well, you cannot
even imagine some of these without being told. (Fortunately up here in Canada we
get bilingual packaging on everything; it gives people an inkling.) Most
translators' "agenda" is to capture what seems to be the most salient
sense in view of [BEEP! C-WORD ALERT!] both the larger and the more
immediate, um, context.
Of course it is possible to make outright errors. But let no one imagine that there is only one translation for most things. "Immerse" and "baptize" is another example. In this
case the choice of the translation "baptize" (with its current meaning) wouldn't
even have existed before we went and borrowed it from Greek (via other sources).
We have this choice now.
The reverse is also true, of course: that
there are precisions in the vocab and syntax of the original language that
cannot be rendered in the target language. This is a little less problematic
since you can sometimes get around it by adding more words in the target
language. But then you sometimes have an unnatural or clunky
translation.
Lest some of you think that I'm saying the text can
be made to mean anything: I'm saying nothing of the sort, that
conclusion is just the product of intellectual alarm. (To a paranoiac,
everybody's a terrorist.) The options open to the translator in each
case are limited. But they are not insignificant, and not
infrequent.
Upshot? Like Lance said, use an interlinear as
well.
Debbie
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