Public bug reported:

3.2 About the patches
---------------------

Some of us are curious and wish to know what the Julian's patches
actually do. Here is a summary:

- With the patches enabled, we can use "proto static" for all
  routes. Doing so, the route for a link will survive even if that
  device stops working. This is essential, specially if the reason for
  using two lines is redundancy: If a line fails, all attributes of
  the device remain, beside the fact that it can't be used until it
  comes up again. We can continue pinging the gateway for to detect
  the moment the link comes up again. Equal cost multipath exists also
  without these patches, but wouldn't work in such a situation.

- If the device continues existing even if it doesn't work, the kernel
  needs a way to decide whether this is a route might be chosen,
  specially if several are available. This is called the ``dead
  gateway detection''; it works for any kind of unicast routes
  (multipath/unipath, input/output) and provided by these patches.

- A multipath route consists of several routes with the same source
  and destination, but a different path, which is specified by the
  device and the gateway. It is because of the patches that the kernel
  knows how to distinguish the route not only by source and
  destination, but also by device and gateway. Also, at least when
  each line has a different device, the kernel's reverse path checking
  (rp_filter) will work correctly.

- The NAT system has no idea how to deal with alternative routes, this
  is something the routing system has to do. And one of the additions
  of these patches is make the routing system prepare the route of an
  individual packet for the nat system, such that it looks as if it
  where the only possible route.

--
http://www.ssi.bg/~ja/#routes

** Affects: Ubuntu
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: Unconfirmed

-- 
julian anastasov patches
https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/112629
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