I've just seen this problem --- but in possibly a more useful context...

I am building a machine. It's got one DVD drive and one disk. I am
repeatedly installing a disk, booting a livecd, and examining the disk
to see what's on it, deciding I don't want to wipe this one, and moving
on to the next one in the pile.

I get this error with *one specific drive*. With other disks installed
in its place, everything is fine. So it's got nothing to do with the
SATA settings or graphics card, because they haven't changed.

The one peculiarity of the disk that failed is that it doesn't have a
partition table --- the filesystem occupies the entire disk. Zeroing out
the first few kilobytes of the disk solves the problem and everything
boots.

So I'd suggest that there's something wrong with the way the boot script
is probing the disk. The filesystem had been correctly found; I was able
to mount it using the file in /dev/disk/by-uuid. However, there wasn't
an entry for the DVD. I don't know enough about how /dev/disk/by-uuid is
populated to be able to point at a specific component, but I bet it's
getting terminally confused by an invalid MBR partition table. I'd be
really interested to know whether the other people who've ran into this
were using brand new disks or disks with a GPT partition table.

Addendum for the desperate:

The disk can be zeroed from the initramfs prompt, using this command:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda

Let it run for a few seconds and reboot (you can't ctrl+C it). THIS IS
INCREDIBLY DANGEROUS and do not do it on a machine with ANY data on it
you want to keep!

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1241589

Title:
  ubuntu 13.10 unable to boot on live usb (busy box - initramfs)

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