Public bug reported:

Ubuntu Version:
# lsb_release -rd
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
Release:        16.04

MySQL Package Version:
# apt-cache policy mysql-server
mysql-server:
  Installed: 5.7.17-0ubuntu0.16.04.2
  Candidate: 5.7.17-0ubuntu0.16.04.2
  Version table:
 *** 5.7.17-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 500
        500 http://Cluster_C.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu 
xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     5.7.17-0ubuntu0.16.04.1 500
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 
Packages
     5.7.11-0ubuntu6 500
        500 http://Cluster_C.clouds.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 
Packages


On a fresh Ubuntu 16.04 I tried to install mysql-server with an extra ext4 
volume mounted at /var/lib/mysql, but the installation failed:
# apt install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libaio1 libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl 
libevent-core-2.0-5 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl 
libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl
  libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl libtimedate-perl liburi-perl 
mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server-5.7 
mysql-server-core-5.7
Suggested packages:
  libdata-dump-perl libipc-sharedcache-perl libwww-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libaio1 libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libencode-locale-perl 
libevent-core-2.0-5 libfcgi-perl libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl 
libhtml-template-perl libhttp-date-perl libhttp-message-perl
  libio-html-perl liblwp-mediatypes-perl libtimedate-perl liburi-perl 
mysql-client-5.7 mysql-client-core-5.7 mysql-common mysql-server 
mysql-server-5.7 mysql-server-core-5.7
0 upgraded, 21 newly installed, 0 to remove and 181 not upgraded.
Need to get 19.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 162 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
...
Setting up libhttp-message-perl (6.11-1) ...
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup 
error from a previous failure.
                                                                                
                          dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of 
mysql-server:
 mysql-server depends on mysql-server-5.7; however:
  Package mysql-server-5.7 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu4) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-5.7
 mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)


Taking a look at /var/log/syslog, it suggests this:
Apr 21 06:46:27 cloudcentric-base-image-ubuntu-16 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL 
Community Server...
Apr 21 06:46:27 cloudcentric-base-image-ubuntu-16 mysql-systemd-start[13362]: 
MySQL system database not found in /var/lib/mysql. Please run mysqld 
--initialize.
Apr 21 06:46:27 cloudcentric-base-image-ubuntu-16 systemd[1]: mysql.service: 
Control process exited, code=exited status=1
Apr 21 06:46:27 cloudcentric-base-image-ubuntu-16 systemd[1]: Failed to start 
MySQL Community Server.


Executing the suggested command shows this
# mysqld --initialize
2017-04-21T06:53:53.584517Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value 
is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see 
documentation for more details).
2017-04-21T06:53:53.587467Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data 
directory has files in it. Aborting.
2017-04-21T06:53:53.587746Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting


At this time the only files in /var/lib/mysql are:
# ll /var/lib/mysql
total 24
drwx------  3 mysql mysql  4096 Apr 21 06:46 ./
drwxr-xr-x 46 root  root   4096 Apr 21 06:46 ../
-rw-r--r--  1 root  root      0 Apr 21 06:46 debian-5.7.flag
drwx------  2 mysql mysql 16384 Apr 21 06:44 lost+found/


Removing debian-5.7.flag doesn't change anything.
Removing everything from the directory works. mysqld --initialize finishes 
without error. Removing the mysql packages and executing apt install 
mysql-server again on an empty /var/lib/mysql works fine.


Searching the web, their are already bug reports present, like:
https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=22615
These suggest to fix this issue with --ignore-db-dir=lost+found

** Affects: mysql-5.7 (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1685136

Title:
  MySQL fresh install failes with ext4 data partition on Ubuntu 16.04

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