The change that was made to address this bug does not work correctly.
The version of busybox included in the Ubuntu initramfs doesn't include
all the features of busybox included in the Debian initramfs. This lack
of features is still causing the killing of dropbear's child processes
to fail.

You can see the available options of busybox's 'ps' by executing it with
an invalid option. On Ubuntu, you get the following:

(initramfs) /bin/busybox ps -h
ps: invalid option -- 'h'
BusyBox v1.27.2 (Ubuntu 1:1.27.2-2ubuntu3) multi-call binary.

Usage: ps

Show list of processes

        w       Wide output
        l       Long output

(initramfs)

If you run the same command on Debian, you get the following:

(initramfs) /bin/busybox ps -h
ps: invalid option -- 'h'
BusyBox v1.22.1 (Debian 1:1.22.0-19+b3) multi-call binary.

Usage: ps [-o COL1,COL2=HEADER] [-T]

Show list of processes

        -o COL1,COL2=HEADER     Select columns for display
        -T                      Show threads

(initramfs)

It is the missing '-o' option that causes this issue.

I am reopening this bug instead of creating a new bug because scott28
previously pointed out these problems and already provided a more
correct solution. I have included a patch based on his patch created
against the current 'master' version of dropbear.

I don't think this can really be fixed upstream. The two versions of
busybox ps are not compatable. The only reasonable fix I can see is to
add Ubuntu specific code and I suspect the Debian maintainer will be
unwilling to do that. Ubuntu should probably apply this patch before
creating their build.

** Patch added: "Replaces Debian Specific Code with Ubuntu Specific Code"
   
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/dropbear/+bug/1652091/+attachment/5165768/+files/dropbear-cantKillChildren-20180720.diff

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1652091

Title:
  xargs not contained in initramdisk

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