Public bug reported:

# Summary
On Ubuntu 25.10 with GNOME Shell 49 / Mutter 49 in a Wayland session, the
"dynamic workspaces" behavior intermittently breaks: Mutter stops creating the
trailing empty workspace that should always sit at the end of the workspace
stack. Once in this state, adding windows to the highest existing workspace
does not cause a new empty workspace to appear, so the user is effectively
capped at the current workspace count. The only known recovery is to log out
and log back in.

# Environment
- OS: Ubuntu 25.10
- Session: Wayland (XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland), GNOME on Wayland
- Packages:
  - mutter-common 49.0-2ubuntu5
  - libmutter-17-0 49.0-2ubuntu5
  - gnome-shell 49.0-1ubuntu1
  - gnome-shell-common 49.0-1ubuntu1
- Hardware: Dell XPS 13 (9320), single internal display (eDP-1, 3456x2160)
- Relevant dconf at time of failure:
  - org.gnome.mutter dynamic-workspaces = true
  - org.gnome.mutter workspaces-only-on-primary = false
  - org.gnome.mutter experimental-features = ['x11-randr-fractional-scaling']
  - org.gnome.desktop.wm.preferences num-workspaces = 4 (default; not in effect 
because dynamic is on)

# Expected behavior
With dynamic-workspaces=true, Mutter should maintain
`(occupied workspaces) + 1 trailing empty` workspace at all times. Placing a
window onto the currently-empty trailing workspace should immediately cause a
new empty trailing workspace to appear.

# Actual behavior
After some unpredictable amount of session uptime, the trailing empty
workspace stops being created. With windows already on workspaces 1..N:

1. The overview shows exactly N workspace strips (no empty N+1).
2. Dragging a window from workspace 1 onto workspace N (or any existing
   workspace) does not spawn a new empty workspace N+1.
3. The user is effectively unable to create additional workspaces.

The bug appears stochastically — it recurs frequently but no deterministic
trigger has been identified. Once stuck, the broken state is fully
reproducible: every drag onto the highest workspace fails to grow the stack.

# Steps to reproduce
A deterministic trigger has not been isolated. Once in the broken state, the
following reliably reproduces the failed growth:

1. Confirm `gsettings get org.gnome.mutter dynamic-workspaces` returns `true`.
2. Open the Activities overview; observe N workspace strips matching the
   number of occupied workspaces (no extra trailing empty).
3. Drag a window onto workspace N (the highest existing one) and release.
4. Observe that no workspace N+1 is created.

# What has been ruled out
- **dconf misconfiguration**: dynamic-workspaces is `true` throughout; toggling
  it off and back on (`gsettings set org.gnome.mutter dynamic-workspaces
  false; gsettings set org.gnome.mutter dynamic-workspaces true`) does not
  clear the stuck state, even after resetting num-workspaces to its default.
- **Third-party extensions**: bug persists with `[email protected]`
  and `[email protected]` both
  disabled. Other enabled extensions are stock Ubuntu/GNOME
  (ubuntu-dock, ubuntu-appindicators, ding, snapd-prompting,
  display-brightness-ddcutil).
- **Multi-monitor / workspaces-only-on-primary edge cases**: single monitor,
  workspaces-only-on-primary=false.
- **Stale fixed-mode config**: num-workspaces was reset to default 4 with no
  effect.

# Workaround
`gnome-session-quit --logout --no-prompt` followed by logging back in restores
correct dynamic-workspaces behavior immediately. Mutter cannot be restarted
in place on Wayland, so no lighter-weight recovery is known.

# Additional info
I have a local diagnostic script that captures dconf state, extension list,
journal warnings, kernel GPU/DRM events, suspend/resume history, and
gnome-shell process info when the bug is active. I will attach its output the
next time the bug occurs. Happy to gather any other targeted data (specific
journal filters, mutter debug flags, etc.) if a triager can point me at what
would be most useful.

ProblemType: Bug
DistroRelease: Ubuntu 25.10
Package: mutter (not installed)
ProcVersionSignature: Ubuntu 6.17.0-29.29-generic 6.17.13
Uname: Linux 6.17.0-29-generic x86_64
ApportVersion: 2.33.1-0ubuntu3
Architecture: amd64
CasperMD5CheckResult: pass
CurrentDesktop: ubuntu:GNOME
Date: Thu May 28 10:53:40 2026
InstallationDate: Installed on 2022-09-30 (1336 days ago)
InstallationMedia: Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS "Jammy Jellyfish" - Release amd64 
(20220809.1)
ProcEnviron:
 LANG=en_US.UTF-8
 PATH=(custom, no user)
 SHELL=/bin/bash
 TERM=xterm-256color
 XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=<set>
SourcePackage: mutter
UpgradeStatus: Upgraded to questing on 2025-11-04 (206 days ago)

** Affects: mutter (Ubuntu)
     Importance: Undecided
         Status: New


** Tags: amd64 apport-bug questing wayland-session

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/2154487

Title:
  mutter: dynamic-workspaces stops spawning the trailing empty workspace
  after some uptime (only logout clears it)

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