I wrote a sizable list of "likely to be handy" free/open-source software on the board last night. It's far from complete, and you can generally search the packages of your favorite *nix distribution. Anywho, in case it helps someone ...
Pidgin, Kopete - Multi-protocol IM client Gimp, Cinepaint - Image editing Inkscape - Vector Graphics/Image editing Python, Ruby, Perl, Ocaml, Mono (C# and .NET implementation), (chunks of) Java, on and on - Programming languages Octave - MATLAB-like numerical computing R - Statistical computing OpenOffice - MS Office-like suite Latex, Lyx - Typesetting, used by many scientific journals Firefox - Web browser Thunderbird - E-mail client (with Lightning/Sunbird plugin, calendar too) Evolution - Outlook-like E-mail + Calendar ... can communicate with MS Exchange servers Nvu - WYSIWYG HTML editor Liferea - Feed reader Apache, LightHTTPd, nginx - HTTP servers GTK+, Qt, FOX, WxWidgets - GUI (plus more) toolkits SDL, Cairo, OpenGL - 2D (and OpenGL is 3D) Graphics libraries (would you like to write a game?) GNOME, KDE, XFCE - Desktop environments Compiz, Metacity, Fluxbox, Xmonad, Ion3 - your choice of window management UI Eclipse, Netbeans, Komodo - Integrated Development Environment Emacs, Vim, Nano, Gedit, Kate - Text editors (with syntax highlighting) Mplayer, Xine, Totem - Video players Amarok, Banshee, bmpx - Music players LAME, FLAC, Ogg Vorbis - Audio encoding mencoder, transcode - Video encoding k3b - CD/DVD burning Grip - CD ripping CVS, Subversion, Git (many more) - Version control Frozen Bubbles, ltris (many more) - Games PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQLite - Relational databases nmap, Wireshark, Kismet, Snort - networking "swiss army knives" Valgrind, Kcachegrind, gprof - Profiling (why is my program slow?) Graphviz, Tulip - Graph (of the vertex and edge variety) visualization Gnuplot - Plotting graphs (R does as well ...) OpenSSL, GCrypt, GPG - crypto Xen, KVM, QEMU, Bochs - virtualization and emulation Beagle - desktop search Lucene, Ferret, Sphinx - Fulltext search libraries ctags, OpenGrok, Glimpse, LXR - Source code indexing tar, zip, rar, gzip, bzip2, 7zip - File archiving and compression rsync - securely transfer and backup files to a remote machine (also does checksums to detect errors, can be used locally as well) Flex, Bison, Ragel, ANTLR, ... - Parser/lexer generation (handy for CMSC430 and maybe CMSC452)
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