Am 01.12.2024 um 21:29 schrieb Alexander Lange via Unicode:
In German orthography, double consonants mark the preceding vowel as
being short (if there isn’t just a mere co-incidence in a compound,
e. g. “Mausschwanz” (mouse tail)). As the “a” in “Straße” is long,
you write “ß”; as the “a” in “Gasse” is short, you write “ss”.
This is the new rule since the 1996 reform though.
No, this has always been the rule. However, the rule used to have one
exception, namely that at the end of a word and before a consonant you
could only have ß, even if the vowel was short. It is only this
exception (which was based on long ſ in blackletter and therefore quite
obsolete) that was abolished in the 1998 spelling reform.
Best wishes,
Daniel
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Prof. Dr. Daniel Bunčić
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Slavisches Institut der Universität zu Köln
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