GitHub user Mandukhai-Alimaa created a discussion: [DISCUSS] Proposal for a 
Canonical BigDecimal Extension Type

I would like to propose a new canonical extension type for BigDecimal 
(arbitrary-precision decimals). While Arrow supports fixed-precision Decimal128 
and Decimal256, these types require a uniform scale for an entire column. Many 
modern data engines (PostgreSQL, Trino, Oracle) utilize numeric types that 
allow for variable scale per row. This flexibility is the primary driver for 
this proposal, as it enables the representation of data that cannot be 
shoehorned into a fixed-scale schema without loss of integrity or precision.

This proposal aims to provide a high-fidelity transport format for these values 
to ensure data integrity when moving data between these systems and 
Arrow-native engines.

[The proposal 
document](https://docs.google.com/document/d/10YNDPW9068RMsvAV_pjmC-uuerwWEwdhGqJARyVvnWI/edit?usp=sharing)

I look forward to your feedback!

GitHub link: https://github.com/apache/arrow/discussions/49820

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