I had a problem to get CouchDB working on my netbook. After some research i found the problem: /var/log is mounted as tmpfs and after rebooting my netbook /var/log was empty but CouchDB requires /var/log/couchdb to start. It was a bit difficult to find the reason for this problem because I could not find any helpful error message.

See attached file for command line output.

Regards,
Jan
jan@breidablik:~$ couchdb couchdb -a /etc/couchdb/default.ini -a /etc/couchdb/local.ini 
Apache CouchDB 1.0.1 (LogLevel=debug) is starting.
Configuration Settings ["/etc/couchdb/default.ini","/etc/couchdb/local.ini",
                        "/etc/couchdb/default.ini","/etc/couchdb/local.ini"]:
  [attachments] compressible_types="text/*, application/javascript, application/json,  application/xml"
  [attachments] compression_level="8"
  [couch_httpd_auth] auth_cache_size="50"
  [couch_httpd_auth] authentication_db="_users"
  [couch_httpd_auth] authentication_redirect="/_utils/session.html"
  [couch_httpd_auth] require_valid_user="false"
  [couch_httpd_auth] timeout="600"
  [couchdb] database_dir="/var/lib/couchdb/1.0.1"
  [couchdb] delayed_commits="true"
  [couchdb] max_attachment_chunk_size="4294967296"
  [couchdb] max_dbs_open="100"
  [couchdb] max_document_size="4294967296"
  [couchdb] os_process_timeout="5000"
  [couchdb] uri_file="/var/lib/couchdb/1.0.1/couch.uri"
  [couchdb] util_driver_dir="/usr/lib/couchdb/erlang/lib/couch-1.0.1/priv/lib"
  [couchdb] view_index_dir="/var/lib/couchdb/1.0.1"
  [daemons] auth_cache="{couch_auth_cache, start_link, []}"
  [daemons] db_update_notifier="{couch_db_update_notifier_sup, start_link, []}"
  [daemons] external_manager="{couch_external_manager, start_link, []}"
  [daemons] httpd="{couch_httpd, start_link, []}"
  [daemons] query_servers="{couch_query_servers, start_link, []}"
  [daemons] stats_aggregator="{couch_stats_aggregator, start, []}"
  [daemons] stats_collector="{couch_stats_collector, start, []}"
  [daemons] uuids="{couch_uuids, start, []}"
  [daemons] view_manager="{couch_view, start_link, []}"
  [httpd] allow_jsonp="false"
  [httpd] authentication_handlers="{couch_httpd_oauth, oauth_authentication_handler}, {couch_httpd_auth, cookie_authentication_handler}, {couch_httpd_auth, default_authentication_handler}"
  [httpd] bind_address="127.0.0.1"
  [httpd] default_handler="{couch_httpd_db, handle_request}"
  [httpd] max_connections="2048"
  [httpd] port="5984"
  [httpd] secure_rewrites="true"
  [httpd] vhost_global_handlers="_utils, _uuids, _session, _oauth, _users"
  [httpd_db_handlers] _changes="{couch_httpd_db, handle_changes_req}"
  [httpd_db_handlers] _compact="{couch_httpd_db, handle_compact_req}"
  [httpd_db_handlers] _design="{couch_httpd_db, handle_design_req}"
  [httpd_db_handlers] _temp_view="{couch_httpd_view, handle_temp_view_req}"
  [httpd_db_handlers] _view_cleanup="{couch_httpd_db, handle_view_cleanup_req}"
  [httpd_design_handlers] _info="{couch_httpd_db,   handle_design_info_req}"
  [httpd_design_handlers] _list="{couch_httpd_show, handle_view_list_req}"
  [httpd_design_handlers] _rewrite="{couch_httpd_rewrite, handle_rewrite_req}"
  [httpd_design_handlers] _show="{couch_httpd_show, handle_doc_show_req}"
  [httpd_design_handlers] _update="{couch_httpd_show, handle_doc_update_req}"
  [httpd_design_handlers] _view="{couch_httpd_view, handle_view_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] /="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_welcome_req, <<\"Welcome\">>}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _active_tasks="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_task_status_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _all_dbs="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_all_dbs_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _config="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_config_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _log="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_log_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _oauth="{couch_httpd_oauth, handle_oauth_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _replicate="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_replicate_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _restart="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_restart_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _session="{couch_httpd_auth, handle_session_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _stats="{couch_httpd_stats_handlers, handle_stats_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _utils="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_utils_dir_req, \"/usr/share/couchdb/www\"}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] _uuids="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_uuids_req}"
  [httpd_global_handlers] favicon.ico="{couch_httpd_misc_handlers, handle_favicon_req, \"/usr/share/couchdb/www\"}"
  [log] file="/var/log/couchdb/couch.log"
  [log] include_sasl="true"
  [log] level="debug"
  [query_server_config] reduce_limit="true"
  [query_servers] javascript="/usr/bin/couchjs /usr/share/couchdb/server/main.js"
  [replicator] max_http_pipeline_size="10"
  [replicator] max_http_sessions="10"
  [replicator] ssl_certificate_max_depth="3"
  [replicator] ssl_trusted_certificates_file="/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt"
  [replicator] verify_ssl_certificates="true"
  [stats] rate="1000"
  [stats] samples="[0, 60, 300, 900]"
  [uuids] algorithm="sequential"

=CRASH REPORT==== 22-Jan-2011::12:24:52 ===
  crasher:
    initial call: couch_event_sup:init/1
    pid: <0.81.0>
    registered_name: []
    exception exit: {{badmatch,
                         {'EXIT',
                             {{badmatch,{error,enoent}},
                              [{couch_log,init,1},
                               {gen_event,server_add_handler,4},
                               {gen_event,handle_msg,5},
                               {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3}]}}},
                     [{couch_event_sup,init,1},
                      {gen_server,init_it,6},
                      {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3}]}
      in function  gen_server:init_it/6
    ancestors: [couch_primary_services,couch_server_sup,<0.33.0>]
    messages: []
    links: [<0.80.0>,<0.6.0>]
    dictionary: []
    trap_exit: false
    status: running
    heap_size: 233
    stack_size: 24
    reductions: 116
  neighbours:

=SUPERVISOR REPORT==== 22-Jan-2011::12:24:52 ===
     Supervisor: {local,couch_primary_services}
     Context:    start_error
     Reason:     {{badmatch,{'EXIT',{{badmatch,{error,enoent}},
                                     [{couch_log,init,1},
                                      {gen_event,server_add_handler,4},
                                      {gen_event,handle_msg,5},
                                      {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3}]}}},
                  [{couch_event_sup,init,1},
                   {gen_server,init_it,6},
                   {proc_lib,init_p_do_apply,3}]}
     Offender:   [{pid,undefined},
                  {name,couch_log},
                  {mfa,{couch_log,start_link,[]}},
                  {restart_type,permanent},
                  {shutdown,brutal_kill},
                  {child_type,worker}]


=SUPERVISOR REPORT==== 22-Jan-2011::12:24:52 ===
     Supervisor: {local,couch_server_sup}
     Context:    start_error
     Reason:     shutdown
     Offender:   [{pid,undefined},
                  {name,couch_primary_services},
                  {mfa,{couch_server_sup,start_primary_services,[]}},
                  {restart_type,permanent},
                  {shutdown,infinity},
                  {child_type,supervisor}]


=CRASH REPORT==== 22-Jan-2011::12:24:52 ===
  crasher:
    initial call: application_master:init/4
    pid: <0.32.0>
    registered_name: []
    exception exit: {bad_return,
                        {{couch_app,start,
                             [normal,
                              ["/etc/couchdb/default.ini",
                               "/etc/couchdb/local.ini"]]},
                         {'EXIT',
                             {{badmatch,{error,shutdown}},
                              [{couch_server_sup,start_server,1},
                               {application_master,start_it_old,4}]}}}}
      in function  application_master:init/4
    ancestors: [<0.31.0>]
    messages: [{'EXIT',<0.33.0>,normal}]
    links: [<0.31.0>,<0.7.0>]
    dictionary: []
    trap_exit: true
    status: running
    heap_size: 2584
    stack_size: 24
    reductions: 470
  neighbours:

=INFO REPORT==== 22-Jan-2011::12:24:52 ===
    application: couch
    exited: {bad_return,{{couch_app,start,
                                    [normal,
                                     ["/etc/couchdb/default.ini",
                                      "/etc/couchdb/local.ini"]]},
                         {'EXIT',{{badmatch,{error,shutdown}},
                                  [{couch_server_sup,start_server,1},
                                   {application_master,start_it_old,4}]}}}}
    type: temporary

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