I've been puzzling over how Hutchison manages to get such spectacular effects from his claimed relatively small energy input.
It occurs to me that a vortex ring (VR) is a combination of a B-atm. expansion strain energy (negative energy)and a B-atm. contraction strain energy (positive energy). Come to think of it, the formation of a vortex ring is very reminiscent of what's going on in the Hilsch Tube (HT). The HT separates the Quick and the Dead 8-) The VR separates the Linear and the Transverse. Now if we are combining a positive and a negative energy we only need to supply the difference. It is as though the wheat and the cockle are at each and of a see-saw. One only had to provide a small amount of energy to divide them into quite distinct populations. Perhaps the Maxwell demon problem has been approached from the wrong end -- bottom up instead of the top down. After all, in analysing Macbeth you don't start with the letters and work upwards. You start with the whole play and work downwards. The statistical distribution of individual letters and words may be of some small interest but the psychological makeup of Lady Macbeth is far more fascinating, wouldn't you agree? 8-) Once positive and negative energy are separated then one can get energy out of each in the same way that the Stirling Engine can get energy out of hot coffee (hot infusion) on the one hand and ice blocks (CF) on the other. It is as though one is going through an ALGEBRAIC <-> ARITHMETIC velocity <-> speed cycle. Perhaps the Carnot cycle is a particular example of this more general cycle. I must really get myself a Stirling Engine capable of running on ice blocks. I'm sure I would find watching it quite inspirational. ;^) Cheers, Frank Grimer ==================================== et congregabuntur ante eum omnes gentes et separabit eos ab invicem sicut pastor segregat oves ab hedis. ====================================